Literature Review on Internet of Things

Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW ON INTERNET OF THINGS
LITERATURE REVIEW ON INTERNET OF THINGS
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1LITERATURE REVIEW ON INTERNET OF THINGS
Literature Review
Internet of the things
Internet of things means using internet connectivity into devices that are used for
everyday purpose (Al-Fuqaha et al. 2015). The internet of things has come into existence as a
result of using various technologies, machine learning, embedded systems and others. Earlier
activities that were considered as internet of things was automation and others thus wherever
internet was used in devices to improve connectivity and communication, internet of things
was used (Cui 2016). In the present generation, internet of things can be better understood
with the help of smart homes concept that can provide security to houses and other features
with the help of some devices such as smart phones to maintain the ecosystem of that
location. Internet of things is now being used in many fields such as transportation, medical
field, in home appliances and other fields (Wortmann and Flüchter 2015). In transportation,
the internet of things is used everywhere starting from smart parking, to smart traffic
handling to various other intra and inter-vehicular communication.
Use of internet of things in health care industry
The use of internet of things in health care or the internet of health things means the
use of internet for various medical purposes, data collection related to the medical field such
as collecting necessary data related to any symptoms or diseases to find out the root cause of
the same (Dimitrov 2016). It is used for analysis of the collected data and monitoring the
same throughout the process. This digitalized system was introduced in the medical field to
find out a proper balance between the resources and the services requiring the resources.
Various monitoring devices can be used such as monitoring of heart rates and others
(Hassanalieragh et al. 2015). In order to improve this monitoring many hospitals have created

2LITERATURE REVIEW ON INTERNET OF THINGS
the smart beds to keep a track of any movements made by the patients along with the ability
to maintain the pressure of the patients automatically with the use of the smart beds. The use
of internet of things in health care led to creating m-health, which is used for storing different
statistics from different sources. IOT is also available for monitoring end-to-end health of the
chronic patients by ensuring them manage their vitals of health and other medications
(Yuehong et al. 2016). IOT has now become a part of the life of the medical professionals
such as doctors, nurses and others through the databases.
Effectiveness in healthcare
Internet of things has revolutionized the healthcare industry. It has become a major
innovation in the healthcare industry (Rahmani et al., 2015). A lot of things are created with
the help of internet of things that have revolutionized healthcare. Thermometers, portable x-
ray machines and the units to perform ultrasounds can be carried easily which is made
possible only with the help of internet of things. The growth of technology in the healthcare
industry has increased the longevity of life. The elder population that used to suffer from
chronic diseases which resulted in their death have now decreased. The medical devices that
fall under the internet of things are put into three categories. They are categorized as wearable
external devices, implanted medical devices and stationary medical devices (Bello and
Zeadally, 2016). The wearable external devices use the technique of biosensor supervising for
checking the blood pressure, temperature and EKG of the patients whereas implant devices
provide internal organ support to the body of the patient which has led in increasing the
lifespan of many people (Hiremath, Yang, and Mankodiya, 2014). Pacemakers, implantable
fusion pumps arte the devices used in this category of treatment. The stationary devices
comprise of improved surgical instruments that lead to efficient performing of surgery
(Sundaravadivel, 2018). A number of machines, patient monitoring and lab testing devices
are developed and made available in the market for the improvement in healthcare facilities.