Literature Review on Sickle Cell Disease

Literature review Plan
Sickle Cell
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Causes and symptoms of sickle cell disease................................................................................3
Gene mutation and how it occurs.................................................................................................4
What chromosome is sickle cell disease found in.......................................................................4
Ways of diagnosing sickle cell disease........................................................................................5
Treatment for Sickle cell disease.................................................................................................5
Duration of survival in Sickle cell disease...................................................................................6
New therapeutic options for treatment of sickle cell disease.......................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
Sickle cell disease refers a group of disorders which affects molecules present in red
blood cells which are mainly responsible for delivering oxygen to cells throughout the body.
Sickle cell anaemia is red blood cell disorder (Pham, Pham and Lew, 2020). A person who is
affected with this disease does not have healthy red blood cells who can deliver oxygen
throughout the body. It blocks blood ans well as oxygen flow to different parts of body. This
study is going to show numbers of people worldwide who are affected to this disease and
impacts of this disease on their health. It has affected approximate 100,000 Americans and
approximate 250 million people worldwide has been affected. This study also shows ways of
diagnosing sickle cell disease and preventing people from this. There are different ways and
treatments by which patients of this disease can be diagnosed and cured. Further, this study will
also discuss the approximate and maximum time limit to which patients of sickle cell disease can
survive. Epidemiology refers a study of knowing diseases which occur on people or may in other
animals as when, how and where specific they occur. Malaria is a life threatening disease which
is being caused by parasites which are transmitted to people via the bites of infected female
Anopheles mosquito.
Causes and symptoms of sickle cell disease
As per the view of Wheeler and et.al., (2019) sickle cell anaemia is the disease in which
persons do not have enough healthy red blood cells in body due to which person fails to carry
enough oxygen throughout body. Normal person has flexible round red blood cells and this
shape helps in moving through blood vessels easily but the person with sickle cell anaemia has
crescent moons shape of red cells due to which there is blockage in flow of blood. Decrease the
number of red blood cells causes this issue in human being.
According to Biswal and et.al., (2019) If the person is suffering from this illness then
symptoms can be appeared in early age of 5 months. One of the common sign of this health issue
is anaemia. As number of red blood cells decrease hence it reduces level of haemoglobin in
human body. Sickle cells can live only 10 to 20 days in the suffered human body whereas in
normal body it has live of 120 days and then it is replaced with new cells. Hence, shortage life of
red blood cells causes anaemia issue in person. Peterfy, Tomecsek and Kavanagh, (2018), argued
that person who is suffering from sickle cell anaemia have sign of swelling in hands and feet. As
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