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RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name

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Added on  2020-03-23

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This report aims to conduct a literature review and critically analyze the studies that describe effective smoking cessation interventions in the target indigenous population. This report aims to conduct an extensive literature review and summarize their findings on the effectiveness of interventions that can reduce harm related to tobacco consumption among indigenous Australian population. Literature review Search protocol Evidence based literature search to analyze the outcomes and effectiveness of several intervention services that have been implemented on indigenous Australian population for cessation of smoking habits and tobacco harm minimization was conducted.

RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name

   Added on 2020-03-23

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Running head: RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICELiterature review on smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginalsName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name_1
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE1Executive summaryIn the 20th century, smoking was ubiquitous in Australia. 3 out of 4 men and 1 out of 4 womenwere regular smokers.Over the past few decades smoking has led to the development of manyhealth concerns among people. Tobacco consumption is widespread among Australianaboriginals and the Torres Strait Islanders. The number of aboriginal smokers is almost doublethe rate of smokers in the entire Australian population. Several national surveys and researchstudies have been carried out to discover effective intervention techniques that prove useful inharm minimization and smoking cessation. This report aims to conduct a literature review andcritically analyze the studies that describe effective smoking cessation interventions in the targetindigenous population.
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name_2
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE2Table of Contents1.Introduction..............................................................................................................................32.Literature review......................................................................................................................3a.Search protocol.....................................................................................................................3b.Inclusion criteria...................................................................................................................4c.Exclusion criteria..................................................................................................................4d.Review..................................................................................................................................43.Critical appraisal.......................................................................................................................7a.CASP tool for systematic review..........................................................................................7b.CASP tool for randomized control trial..............................................................................114.Recommendation....................................................................................................................12References......................................................................................................................................14APPENDIX 1.................................................................................................................................18Bibliography..............................................................................................................................18APPENDIX 2.................................................................................................................................20Record of major findings...........................................................................................................20
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name_3
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE31.IntroductionAustralian indigenous people and aboriginals suffer from shorter life expectancies and higherburden of ill health conditions when compared to other nations. They have been suffering fromworsened and poor health status since the 1970-1980s. The difference in the health situationbetween indigenous and non-indigenous groups is attributed to historical, socio-political anddistal factors. Just like any other nation, the non- indigenous Australian population enjoys abetter life expectancy. According to several studies, aboriginals who live in remote areas arevulnerable to a higher risk of smoking and poor healthcare facilities (Abs.gov.au, 2017). Several studies that evaluate the ways by which aboriginal and indigenous smokers can beinfluenced and motivate to quit smoking have been conducted. Some studies have illustrated thedifferent intervention strategies that should be followed to minimize or reduce the harmfuleffects of smoking or tobacco consumption on aboriginal health. This report aims to conduct anextensive literature review and summarize their findings on the effectiveness of interventionsthat can reduce harm related to tobacco consumption among indigenous Australian population. 2.Literature reviewa.Search protocolEvidence based literature search to analyze the outcomes and effectiveness of severalintervention services that have been implemented on indigenous Australian population forcessation of smoking habits and tobacco harm minimization was conducted. The main interest ofthis literature review lies in recognizing qualitative and quantitative research studies that gave aninsight into the health outcomes and experiences of aboriginals. A multilevel iterative techniquewas designed for the literature search. 3 databases were used: MEDLINE (biomedical literature),
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name_4
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE4CINAHL (allied health and nursing literature) and Cochrane library (randomized controlled trialsand systematic review) (Bergamaschi et al. 2016). The abstracts of the retrieved articles werechecked for relevance regarding intervention strategies. The search terms were “smokingprevalence in aboriginals”, “indigenous smoking harm reduction”, “smoking cessation amongaboriginals”, “aboriginal tobacco control”. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were drawn. b.Inclusion criteriaAny intervention that illustrated reduction of smoking or use of commercial tobacco wasselected. The selected interventions were classified to key priority areas based on theworking principles of NATSIHP. Studies were included in the review if they involvednonmedical therapeutic procedures.Peer reviewed journals published in English were used for the systematic review.Study literature not more than 5 years old were included in the review.The user group was indigenous adults who had smoking habits. The review focused onvulnerable, special and disadvantaged population group. c.Exclusion criteria Non-English journals and those published prior to 2012 were not considered. Interventions that illustrated reduction of ceremonial tobacco use were excluded.d.ReviewEvidence from several data that focused on implementing smoke free policies suggested thatexposure to second hand smoke and prevalence of smoking among young and adolescentsignificantly reduced on application of these policies. A study was conducted in the Cultural andIndigenous Research Centre that proved that stringent legislations related to smoking in public
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name_5
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE5spaces has substantially reduced smoking environment over the past decade (Ell, Abel and Pedic2013). It was suggested by Thomas, McLellan and Perera (2013) that effective media campaigns,smoking restriction in schools and promoting ill effects of smoking on the health of youngpeople were effective in reducing the sales of tobacco among minors. When the retail outlets inthe community adhere to the legislative regulations imposed by the government, the sales oftobacco could be effectively monitored. Another study showed that 3 business organizations outof 21, operating form the remote areas of Queensland northern communities practiced smokefree policies. The remaining 18 practiced informal smoking policies and all of theseorganizations had smoke free zones. However, these legislations often made the smokers feelpersecuted. They also created a rift between the smokers and non-smokers and created a feelingof solidarity among them. The workforce should be consulted before implementation of any suchsmoke free policies to avoid untoward situations. This acted as a successful, intervention strategy(Campbell et al. 2014). An increase in the taxes imposed on tobacco successfully reduced the rate of tobaccopurchase and motivated several people to quit smoking (Chaloupka, Yurekli and Fong 2012).Randomized control trials, pre and post studies were undertaken to monitor the effect of tobaccoprevention and smoking cessation in indigenous people (Carson et al. 2014). It was found thatsmoking levels got considerably reduced in 12 out of 15 controlled trials on follow up. However,the results of cessation on the younger population were not evident. The study provided evidencefor the combination of behavioral, psychological and biochemical factors to cater to the needs ofindigenous population. Interventions that encompassed a greater number of componentsincreased the likelihood of reducing smoking levels. Certain indigenous communities fromAustralia also proved that increase in the tobacco prices affected smoking rates. 7 months after
RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE 22 RESEARCH LITERACY FOR HEALTH PRACTICE Smoking cessation and harm minimization among aboriginals Name of the University Author Name_6

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