The Impact of COVID within Tourism Industry

This literature review explores the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism industry, including challenges, negative and positive impacts. It discusses the main aspects of the tourism industry, such as transportation, accommodation, and attractions. The review also highlights the challenges created by COVID-19, including lockdowns and travel bans, and the negative impact on the tourism industry, such as reduced productivity and profitability. Additionally, it mentions the positive impact of COVID-19, such as the opportunity for digital and virtual tourism.

Business Research
(Literature review)

Table of Contents
Topic: "The impact of COVID within tourism industry”................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Definition related with main aspects of tourism industry......................................................1
Main issues and challenges created by COVID-19................................................................2
Negative impact of COVID within tourism industry.............................................................3
Positive impact of Covid-19...................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

Topic: "The impact of COVID within tourism industry”
INTRODUCTION
COVID-19 has emerged as one of the most threatening global pandemic that is spreading
over the various parts of world which has led to sudden lockdown and many other strict rules and
provisions. The tourism industry is depended and closely associated with transportation and
movement of people from one place to another (Smart, Qu and Ding, 2021). Thus, a threat and
many consequences are lead out by COVID-19 on the overall productivity and profitability of
tourism industry. Therefore, current investigation is conducted and lead out to have a better
review of the main aspects of tourism industry which consists of transportation services,
accommodation and other tourism service. Beside this, current assignment also comprises of
analysis of main issues and challenges created by COVID-19 along with determining its impact
of COVID-19 within tourism industry.
MAIN BODY
It basically comprises of a systematic analysis of secondary form of analysis to have a better
understanding and knowledge about a specific topic (Cadogan and Hughes, 2021). Current
literature review is based on topic of the impact of COVID within tourism industry for which
information is analysed from various online article and journals, a discussion and evaluation of
which is provided as below:
Definition related with main aspects of tourism industry
As per the view point of Erceg (2021), the tourism industry is mainly concerned and
associated with the travelling of people for some business purpose or personal pleasure which
comprises of staying at the destination for at least of one night. Thus, many major components
and aspects are their which forms out a vital part of tourism industry a discussion and analysis of
which is provided as below:
Transportation and Travel services- This forms out a most vital and essentially needed
aspect and component of tourism industry as without traveling services the tourism industry
cannot be operational and struggle to survive. The traveling forms out the most basic part of
tourism as it comprises of traveling away from home environment and reach their intended
destination by the means of efficient transportation and travelling which comprises of air, road,
train or water transportation (Aboagye, Yawson and Appiah, 2021).
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Accommodation- This aspect of tourism mainly presents the services and organisation
which are offering a place for tourist to stay during there vacation, holiday or any business trip.
The accommodation services might comprise of hotel chain, hostels, homestay, holiday parks,
campsiters, etc. which forms an important part of overall structure of tourism industry.
Attraction and other tourism services- This component is mainly important and needed
for a tourist who having interest and attraction towards exploring new culture or natural site
which might comprises of some historic monuments, culture, architecture, gastronomy,
infrastructure, landscape, events, shopping, etc (Afaneh, 2021). Thus, attraction forms out a vital
part of tourism industry as it comprises of main features which attract people and tourist to make
a visit to that destination and also contributes to the overall experience of a tourist during a trip.
Thus, on the basis of above discussion, an analysis can be made that the transportation,
accommodation and attraction forms out to be a most vital and essential component of tourism
industry which are must to have efficient travelling experience. Apart from this, some other
aspects like food facilitates, Entertainment services and other related services like financial
services, travel agents, tour operator and guide also makes vital components and aspects of
tourism industry.
Main issues and challenges created by COVID-19
In accordance with Srivastava (2021), the outbreak of current global pandemic COVID-19
has created and lead out to significant social, political and economic consequences worldwide.
The coronavirus COVID-19 is an on-going pandemic that made the World Health Organization
declare outbreak which was first noticed in Wuhan City of China in December 2019 and very
soon spread out in various location of world. This infection of COVID-19 is so contagious that it
is spreading every single day and the healthcare professionals and healthcare bodies are
struggling hard to safeguard every infected individual around the globe. It has been find out that
the virus of COVID-19 spreads between people when they are in close contact thus, a sudden
lock down and many rules regarding the social distancing is implemented across all the nation of
world (Cadogan and Hughes, 2021). Thus, the main challenge and issue of COVID-19 comprises
of lockdown and travel ban which is an essentially needed move and step of aviation authorities
to focus and control in spreading of this virus.
Thus, an analysis can be made that sudden lockdown in all various countries of world is
the biggest issue and challenge created by Corona virus. A lockdown basically represents an
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emergency protocol which aim at preventing people from leaving a given area and restricts all
form of traveling and movement. A full lockdown that has been applied during the time of
COVID-19 meant that everyone needs to stay where they are and not allowed to exit or enter a
building or the given area but still this scenario usually not allows for essential supplies. While
on the other hand all the non-essential activities like traveling for entertainment, etc. remain shut
for the entire period of lockdowns.
Beside this, the strict legislation and provisions made by government which are related
with the social distancing norms and proper Sanitation and mask wearing are also a big issue and
challenge lead out by COVID-19. Physical or social distancing helps limit the spread of COVID-
19 which means that everyone needs to keep a distance of at least 2m from each other and avoid
spending time in crowded places or in groups. Further, it is also essential to wear a mask at all
public places to avoid the chances of spread of corona virus.
Negative impact of COVID within tourism industry
As per the view point of Williams (2021), the tourism industry accounts for one of the
world's greatest markets till the world met and faced the consequences of a global pandemic in
the 21st century, COVID-19. A most negative impact and global economic crisis is created by
COVID-19 especially within the tourism industry. As the government of countries across the
world are taking many precautions to strain and safeguard their citizen from getting infected with
corona virus it has been a nightmarish and most threatening journey for tourism industry. The
main negative impact and consequence of COVID-19 comprises of sudden lockdown which has
stopped all kind of traveling and transport which has simply shuttered down the tourism industry.
The social distancing has become the new normal and mask and gloves are also turning a part of
daily wear which makes people to remain within their safety confines and stay within in their
homes so no one is allowed to think and plan about vacation and holidays during COVID-19
which has reduced the productivity of Tourism industry and even lead to shut down of many
traveling agency and accommodation services (Impact of COVID-19 on travel and tourism
industry and ways of recovery. 2021). The main points and factors which are presenting the
negative impact of COVID-19 within the tourism industry are discussed and analysed as below:
 The sudden lockdown and intermittent closed borders of nations across the world
has standstill the tourism industry form serval months. Thus, leading and creating
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reduction in the productivity and profitability of tourism industry through limiting
its scope to domestic travel only.
 Further, the COVID-19 has brought the trend of online meting and conferencing
through ZOOM and other meeting app thus decreases the business travels and other
professional tours which is also creating negative impact and consequences for
tourism industry.
 Beside this, all form of large global events and gatherings are also banned because
of COVID-19 which seemed to act as big attraction for travels and tourist thus,
coronavirus has wipe out these attractions and limit the scope of tourism and
traveling.
 Grouping travels and leisure travels are also on hold and almost stopped because of
fear of being infected and outbreak of coronavirus which has created a dismal and
threatening situation for tourism industry.
Thus, an analysis can be made out that the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 has created
many consequences for Tourism industry that is having a negative impact within tourism
industry in form of sudden lockdown which has hampered its productivity and profitability level
by reducing number of tourist (Soratana and et. al., 2021). Because of COVID-19 a sudden
reduction in holidays planning and traveling for pleasure and entertainment is seen along with
reduction in physical business meeting and conferences that is having negative impact on
tourism industry.
Positive impact of Covid-19
The only positive impact related with covid-19 comprises of the fact that it leads to
opportunity for broadening their business’ reach through use of digital technologies and online
marketplaces. Implication of digital and virtual way of tourism is the only positive aspect of
covid-19 which enhance the scope of virtual tourism in recent years.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above literature review, a conclusion can be made that main aspects of
tourism comprises of efficient transportation system for ensuring reach of people to their selected
destination. Apart from this, accommodation and attractive factors also forms a vital part of
tourism industry. Further, it has been summarised that main challenges and issues of COVID-19
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consist of sudden lockdown and social distancing rules which has put tourism industry on a halt.
At last, it has been also summarised that a negative impact is lead out by COVID-19 within in
tourism industry as it reduces the number of business tours and travelling for the purpose of
entertainment.
REFERENCES
Books and journal
Soratana, K and et. al., 2021. Sustainable Development of Tourism. In Supply Chain
Management of Tourism Towards Sustainability (pp. 1-12). Springer, Cham.
Sekuloska, J.D. and Erceg, A., 2021. The Impact of AI on Disintermediation Processes in the
Tourism Industry. In Handbook of Research on Applied AI for International Business and
Marketing Applications (pp. 96-115). IGI Global.
Afaneh, S.M., 2021. E-TOURISM, ITS PROSPECTS" SCOPES" AND IMPACT ON THE
DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY (THE JORDANIAN
EXPERIENCE). PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(4), pp.1897-
1911.
Aboagye, E., Yawson, J.A. and Appiah, K.N., 2021. COVID-19 and E-learning: The challenges
of students in tertiary institutions. Social Education Research, pp.1-8.
Kaushal, V. and Srivastava, S., 2021. Hospitality and tourism industry amid COVID-19
pandemic: Perspectives on challenges and learnings from India. International Journal of
Hospitality Management, 92, p.102707.
Cadogan, C.A. and Hughes, C.M., 2021. On the frontline against COVID-19: Community
pharmacists’ contribution during a public health crisis. Research in Social and
Administrative Pharmacy, 17(1), pp.2032-2035.
Williams, C.C., 2021. Impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on Europe's tourism industry:
Addressing tourism enterprises and workers in the undeclared economy. International
Journal of Tourism Research, 23(1), pp.79-88.
Smart, K., Ma, E., Qu, H. and Ding, L., 2021. COVID-19 impacts, coping strategies, and
management reflection: A lodging industry case. International Journal of Hospitality
Management, 94, p.102859.
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Online:
Impact of COVID-19 on travel and tourism industry and ways of recovery. 2021. [Online].
Available throughhttps://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/travel-tourism/impact-of-
covid-19-on-travel-and-tourism-industry-and-ways-of-recovery/2183029/
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