Logistics and Supply Chain Management

This assignment delves into the multifaceted world of logistics and supply chain management. It examines core concepts, outlines various logistical processes, highlights the major challenges faced by businesses in this domain, and discusses different supply chain models. The analysis aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and intricacies involved in efficient logistics and supply chain operations.

Logistics and Supply Chain Management 1
LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
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Logistics and Supply chain management
Executive Summary
This paper presents the critical investigation of the logistical challenges involved in the
transportation of wagon locomotives from the points-of-origin to the ultimate destinations in
Australia. The experiences gained from the logistic sector and the distribution of information
grants the company with review sources.
Table of Contents
Logistics and Supply chain management......................................................................................2
Executive Summary......................................................................................................................2
1.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................................3
Background...................................................................................................................................3
Scope and Aim of Logistics..........................................................................................................3
Literature Review.........................................................................................................................4
2.0 Logistic issues.........................................................................................................................4
3.0 Transport Mode – Sea and Road.............................................................................................6
4.0 Australian Customs Issues – AQIS.........................................................................................7
5.0 Warehouse management.........................................................................................................8
6.0 Risk management....................................................................................................................9
7.0 Conclusion............................................................................................................................10
Reference....................................................................................................................................12
Appendices..................................................................................................................................15

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1.0 Introduction
Background
The logistic system performs a major important function in the management of the supply
chain thus impacts the profits, quality of service cost structure competition in the Australian
industry sector. The actions involved in logistics evolve globally due to the rapid changes in
constructing new industries, producing new products and enhancing new technological processes.
In Australia, many companies are being developed by the better government agencies that
improve the industry programs thus better logistical solutions to the firm bodies. The
resourcefulness includes the introduction of the Freight Transportation Logistics Industry Action
Agenda. It develops the bigger picture of enhancing the logistical analysis and activities that
prioritize the development of companies. The logistic issues implement the economic growth of
Australia by integrating the extent of economic dimensions.
Scope and Aim of Logistics
Logistics is defined as the accomplishments essential for the movement and management
of goods and materials. The efforts are transported to the clients as waste materials are disposed
by recycle action and reversely stream as product earnings and new equipment materials.
Logistics involves transportation, storage, procurement, and inventory and packaging activities.
In Australia, the overview of logistic is maintained through service and information foresight
hence the infrastructure systems use the services to satisfy the customers globally. Through the
various industrial activities, logistics is designated as the system that operates the procedures all
through. It contains the essential mode for performing the industry activities as an independent
series of the institution.

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2.0 Literature Review
Logistic issues
Logistics are typically activities that take place around and within the borders of an
organization while the Supply Chain management denotes of the company networks that
synchronizes and builds together actions which deliver products to the market (Hingley, 2001).
Logistics also concentrates on activities like delivery, procurement, preservation, and
management of inventories. The management of supply chain also recognizes the market, new
products, investment and customer service development. Satisfying customer needs involves the
right undertaking of logistics at precise places during the right time and accurate cost figures
(Sezhiyan, Page and Iskanius, 2011). Logistics Administration involves proficient and effective
dealings of the day to day deals when producing the goods and services. Logistics is
demonstrated in two categories that include the inbound and outbound logistics (Otto, 2003).
Inbound logistics encompass movement of goods and raw materials to one company while
outbound logistics covers the transfer of complete goods to customers from the company.
Transport Logistics includes the transportation of goods and services by land, air or sea and
customs clearance to store the goods in warehouses by consulting for value added information of
the services offered.
The International Logistics focuses mostly on oversee activities and single business
management. It creates an overflow of overseeing products and services in the market hence
competition advantage to the company (Christopher, 2016). The third Party Logistics confirms
the outsourcing activities that range in accordance to the trucking or marine cargo transportation
by consulting the inventory chain and processing management. The fourth Party Logistics

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operates in a complex supply chain structure and process by negotiating and managing the third
party logistics performance. It provides the designs for chain networks that supply the day to day
control processes. The supply chain in an organization forms the network linkages of processes
and activities for product value and services to the final customers. Supply Chain Management
provides the harmonization of transportation, manufacture, catalog, and location for participants
in the chain to effectively respond to the market service (Ślaski, 2017). The chain involves
important components that enable it to run effectively. It is a network of integration between the
company players that comprise of retailers, manufacturers, suppliers, and wholesalers. Across all
these, the management plans, implements, and controls all the networks involved in the chain.
The flow of information across the supply chain is an important attribute for making monetary
value. The company coordination and integration practices create a real world of supply chain
thus conflicting objectives are avoided at all cost.
The concept of balancing costs in trade services improves the appropriate costs in
prioritizing the service inventories. It fosters a long term important relationship that builds
strategic agendas that secure a stable supply chain team. Since there are too many suppliers in the
market to deal with, an assortment of the matrix is frequently used to rank the affiliations
(Jedliński, 2015). Logistic components include a group of activities considered in major
processes. The invention management processes include the flow of inventory, packages, and
processing of orders and forecast demands. Resources and other earning inputs are conveyed and
warehoused in parts as services which are sustained by the converse flows that recycle waste
products needed for dumping. Information flow provides the timely and reliable services that
depend on the related activities of integrated logistics. The information on sales and supply
forecasts the material and input orders that documents the export and import duties that are

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separated. E-commerce has developed the capabilities of information system costs (Morgan and
Pritchard, 2014) significantly. The internet provides the companies with better new mechanisms
of customer dealings with suppliers and the business world. The resource infrastructure provides
the logistic services with human, financial and packaging resources. The warehouses are
buildings where either containers or vehicles transport equipment to the terminals.
Communication facilitates equipment and software transfer from one location to another.
3.0 Transport Mode – Sea and Road
Transport is indicated by a wide range of infrastructure that facilitates the movement of
equipment around the globe. Efficient storage of much equipment is through the use of pallets
that are packaged and transported to utilize the process over and over. The packaged pallets
contain groceries that firms own in pools hence they outsource the national transport modes. In
transportation, containers are used broadly for all the cargoes across all trade areas. The
international containers are operated by the hiring companies overseas, and transport is operated
and also managed by the shipping firms. The vehicles that are involved in the transportation of
equipment include trucks and other locomotives that roll the stocks around the ships and aircraft.
The transport vehicles facilitate stock hallways through the roads, sea lanes and each mode is
controlled by the traffic signals across the lines. Transportation also involves the use of airlines,
railways, and pipelines. The terminals facilitate unique modes that handle multi operations
through the ports and the airports (van den Bergh, 2015). An inland port requires the
development for future and initial emerging mining operations in the locomotion processes. Sea
and road transport companies have achieved the modal shifts freight movements through
containerization services (Levine, Nozick and Jones, 2009). The two inland port options
associated with the mining industry projects include the first option of Emerald and also the

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Alpha route. They develop the land and sea infrastructure that optimizes the costs of
transportation of thermal coal.
4.0 Australian Customs Issues – AQIS
In Australia, anything that is moving in or out is subject to customs inspection and duty
charge rates and physical clearance of goods services to their destined locations (Dooley, 2007).
Although the Australian government does not charge duty tax or customs for all the goods
unaccompanied by the owners for at least 12 months, those that enter the country while being
used are charged within the 12 months. All sales must have receipts to prove the charges of
customs for the value of each item in the economy. The shipping amounts of goods and services
into the country are stored in containers that are physically checked by the customs officers
before transit internally (Xu and Zeng, 2009). The customs declaration forms clear the enabled
goods in the country by import agents, and the shipping services provide the paper works that
costly ensure new residence possessions of procedures. Customs offices allow and also restrict
the shipment of goods according to the contacts available. The restricted properties are either
flammable or corrosive item that is hazardous to the consignments being ferried through sea or
roads. Animal products are also regulated by the Australian Quarantine department before they
arrive in the country. The luggage shipment of thermal coal is classed on the perception of wagon
standards and checked according to its natural state (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2003). It is
important to control the effects which may occur and upset the eco-system of the country’s
environments. The safety precautions in the mining companies cause the customs laws to be
tightened thus the product on transit is authenticated for the locomotives to travel to the final
destinations from Germany. The charges of duty imposed on the shipment of the coal across the
country depend on the hard work involved in issues of coal processes around the world.

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5.0 Warehouse management
The mining and export of coal through the movement across chains simplify the stages
involved in the production of steel from the raw materials of coal. Moreover, the production of
building products and machinery logistics analyses the structure of the warehouses for the
processing plant activities (Pletneva and Koshcheyev, 2015). The native and long-distance
network is more extensive in regenerating the warehouse exchanges of goods between the long-
distance networks and the globe across the ports. The activities undertaken in the house by users
of logistics services facilitate for better operations in the classified warehouses. Production
stream management of coal incorporates virtual handling of finished product within the plant
warehouse (Svaetichin and Inkinen, 2017). The holding registers facilitate easier access to the
coal demand while on transit at some point between the two locations in the country. The
storerooms protect the coal products from environmental damage and deterioration. The
temperatures, moisture, and light extremes are kept constant to contain safe measures for the
storage of coal products for longer periods.
Warehousing and storage are considered a service production process in the distribution
of coal around certain locations in the country. The warehouses are expanding to accommodate
higher levels of coal due to the development of transportation services both on roads and in the
sea. The logistic performance has diversely supported material flow thus efficient freight
production processes. The warehouse is the distribution center where coal is received, assembled
and repackaged across docks on vehicles and sea lines. The depots provide lower costs during
transportation of products in bulk deliveries as the service providers offer buildings for the
investors and the private property organizations (Oheix and Séjourné, 2001). The warehouse

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provides cranes, trucks, and loaders that affect the development and in corporations customers’
requirements for the optimal location of production facilities.
6.0 Risk management
The logistic providers exist as network services that enhance opportunities for coal
production in the country thus reducing costs involved in the scope of the economy. The cost
output provides the firms with terminal infrastructure which lowers individual cost on the logistic
services provided (Cortés et al., 2007). The traffic intensifies from one point to another due to the
decrease in coal production cost as larger trucks are used to transfer the commodity among the
centers in the country (Ribeiro, Larrañaga and Cybis, 2014). The economies of scale lower the
transport cost hence the external market is affected thus compensations are not entitled to the
networks. The frequencies of network destinations of coal are largely joined by negative facilities
and road congestions. The changing industry requirements have rapidly evolved the logistics
system to meet the customer needs. Increased outsourcing of coal from outside countries has
strategically promoted the integration freight services in ports and road lines (Kaplan, 2010). The
operating environment and service users and providers compete for one another to offer the
improved logistic services that facilitate the development of Australia. Globalization has
expanded the financial market of the coal trade, and technological information provides services
that support the business. The movement of the product across borders is difficult, but it
maintains the quality ranges of the commodity. Privatization of micro economics in the global
industry for coal exposes the local firms to increased international competition. There is a
significant change in the coal industry as sophisticated areas particularly are affected by the
expansion of increased logistic services. The industry is restructured to cater for the production
processes that introduce new operations in the input supply delivery of coal. The savings in the

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inventory management eliminates logistic production thus distributes the effective customer
response by stockpiling warehouses and centers for distributions (Sheppard, 2010). The total
quality management has also affected the logistics through increasing of source manufacturers
and reducing the life cycle of the product. Technological advances have sped up the growth of
external expansion of effective logistics in the e-commerce world. It has led to infrastructure
improvements that the shipping engines whether on road or sea incorporate technology that
increases the shelf-life of the products (Wiegmans, Witte and Spit, 2015). The system has
upgraded to accommodate for complicated services that improve the transition of coal across the
roads and the sea.
7.0 Conclusion
The paper has an assessment on the logistics faced by mining companies in Australia
while moving goods and materials to consumers. It incorporates all activities enable the flow of
waste and key infrastructural services available to the logistic economy. The components of
information systems and data show that the country is impacted greatly by the quality and cost of
competition in the market. Opportunities to increase the freight industry provide logistic issues
that address the system chain management by integrating good performance to producer profits.
The warehouse provision promotes logistical collaboration with other firms that contribute to the
service chain operations. The specific mining industry fragments the logistical structures and
independently limits the levels of assimilating the chains in logistics. The nature of coal being
mined is affected by the emerging government issues and data provision to the interested parties
that analyze the detailed logistic activities across border and around the country. Many industries
in Australia can gain the cost advantages associated with the cheap acquisition of assets through
the overhead operations. For efficient movement of the thermal coal across the point of origin to

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the final destinations, the logistic operator must establish practical services by buying better
locomotives across the standard gauge rails. The wagons have to be maintained in a manner that
provides better freight experiences to reduce cost of damages across destinations. The staffs who
are involved have to be trained effectively to maintain the time frames for delivery of the thermal
coal between the destinations. The government has to provide an inter-dependence nature to the
industry to accommodate the freight movement and delivery plans .Rail transport dependence for
coal movement to terminals exploits the maritime importation and exportation opportunities.

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Reference
Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics and supply chain management. Harlow (England): Pearson.
Cortés, P., Muñuzuri, J., Nicolás Ibáñez, J. and Guadix, J. (2007). Simulation of freight traffic in
the Seville inland port. Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, 15(3), pp.256-271.
Dooley, E. (2007). EHPnet: Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service. Environmental Health
Perspectives, 115(7), pp.A351-A351.
Gunasekaran, A. and Ngai, E. (2003). The successful management of a small logistics company.
International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 33(9), pp.825-
842.
Hingley, M. (2001). Relationship Management in the Supply Chain. The International Journal of
Logistics Management, 12(2), pp.57-71.
Jedliński, M. (2015). DYNAMIC LOGISTICS STRATEGIES IN THE COMPANY LOGISTICS
POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT. Russian Journal of Logistics and Transport
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Kaplan, E. (2010). Comment on Destination Independence and Separability In Origin-
Constrained Trip Distribution Models. Geographical Analysis, 13(2), pp.181-183.
Levine, B., Nozick, L. and Jones, D. (2009). Estimating an Origin-Destination Table for US
Exports of Waterborne Containerised Freight. Maritime Economics & Logistics, 11(2),
pp.137-155.

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Morgan, N. and Pritchard, A. (2014). Destination reputations and brands: Communication
challenges. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 3(1), p.1.
Oheix, V. and Séjourné, B. (2001). European households’ portfolios: from initial choice to the
final destination. Revue d'économie financière (English ed.), 64(4), pp.91-103.
Otto, A. (2003). Supply Chain Event Management: Three Perspectives. The International Journal
of Logistics Management, 14(2), pp.1-13.
Pletneva, N. and Koshcheyev, V. (2015). Logistics of a Building Company: Specifics and
Methods of Logistics System Management. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 725-726,
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Ribeiro, M., Larrañaga, A., and Cybis, H. (2014). GPS-Recorded and Self-Reported Data in
Surveys of Origin and Destination: Analysis of Limitations and Differences. Journal of
Traffic and Logistics Engineering, 2(3).
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Sheppard, E. (2010). Reflections on Destination Independence and Separability In Origin-
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Ślaski, P. (2017). Logistics Processes Management In Supply Chain. Archives of Business
Research, 5(1).

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Svaetichin, I. and Inkinen, T. (2017). Port Waste Management in the Baltic Sea Area: A Four
Port Study on the Legal Requirements, Processes, and Collaboration. Sustainability, 9(5),
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Appendices
1. Overview of logistics

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2. Challenges facing logistic and supply chain management

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3. Model of supply chain