Assessment of Machinability of Aluminum and Steel

Machinability practical
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Assessment of machinability of
aluminum and Steel

Machinability practical
ABSTRACT
Machinability, a fundamental feature for technological purpose in metals, and economical
feature to cutting operation in metals. The machinability combines the relation between
economic features and tools cutting operation, in a way that how they are interrelated. The
definition itself combine both feature of economic viability and cutting operation. “The extent of
ability of metals to be machined as well as potential opportunities of the tool to accomplish
specific tasks under set of specific conditions and to achieve satisfactory economic results”
(Qehaja Salihu 2012) .
The report further includes the comparative machinability analysis of two samples of metals, in
which one is 316 stainless steel and another one is Aluminum. The importance of machinability
of metals depends upon different parameters for deciding machinability. To study the different
machinability properties, we will go through drilling and milling operation with specified speed,
the depth of cut, and cutting force. The formation of chip was also analyzed and finally the report
will be given with certain conclusion.
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Machinability practical
Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................4
2.0 Experimental details..................................................................................................................5
2.1 Tools and equipment..............................................................................................................5
2.0 Parameter for machine...............................................................................................................6
2.1 For milling Operation............................................................................................................7
2.2 For drilling Operation............................................................................................................7
3.0 Quick Stop Test Method............................................................................................................7
4.0 Tools wear and tear analysis......................................................................................................7
5. Optical surface profiler................................................................................................................7
5.1 Frictional force calculation..................................................................................................10
6.1 Drilling.................................................................................................................................12
6.2 Milling.................................................................................................................................15
7.0 Discussion................................................................................................................................17
8.0 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................17
References......................................................................................................................................19
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Machinability practical
1.0 Introduction
The term was originated around 1920 when life of tools is being considered as importance for
economic viability, the engineers have found certain relation with these tools life with suitability
of material and its ability to extended life. One of the procedure which is very common and
readily adopted procedure is machining by chip removal, which holds the meaning of operation
of metals with several lathe machine tools such as drilling, cutting and milling etc.
As discussed earlier, the potential advantage of cutting tools to perform different operation on
metals with ability of metals to be machined is known as machinability. The decision making of
machinability for material is not as simple as definition, it requires in depth study of material as
well as theoretical part. There are several methods applied for deciding the parameters of
machinability for certain material, some of these includes geometry of instrument, properties of
apparatus, type of coolant during machining, the condition given for metals to be machined, and
several others parameter. Most of the common operation done for the machining is drilling and
milling, and especially this report we will include these two operations, so that we can decide the
machinability of 316 stainless steel and aluminium. The speed of cutting and material of the
device are the two imperious constraints while evaluating the machinability of a material.
Materials having great machinability can be cut with less power and speed and surface finish will
also good, makes less wear the instrument called as free machining (Eugene Thiele 2014).
The important reasons to study the 316 stainless steel and aluminium is it’s a very common form
of metals which is being used for variety of application. By changing certain amount of
composition in these two metals change the properties according to application and need of the
Job. There are several techniques to analyse machinability. Some of these are by chip removal,
quick stop technique, CDA’s Universal machinability index, classical standard technique etc. we
are going through the procedure Quicks top techniques. The reason to choose these techniques is
because of its simplicity, we can see the wear happened to material and tools with the help of
magnifying glasses, and despite we have multipurpose CNC machine, which can perform
different operation and provide accurate data with the help of dynamometer which is attached
with it. The data obtained from these dynamometers will help in deciding the machinability of
given metals easily.
As discussed earlier universal machinability test is more prominent in analysing machinability of
steel and aluminium, but due to its requirement of enormous amount of resources it is limited
scientific level. This is calculated from maximum production rate with giving constant time for
tools and it is around 8 hours, this includes several workpiece materials this technique is out of
scope at present (S. Yua 2016).
Another thing we would like to discuss about the machinability itself is complex process, it is
difficult to clearly define the machinability and quantify it. The complexity and dependability of
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