Making Sense of Society: Understanding Social World, Research Methods, Alienation, Social Movements, Sustainability, Social Cohesion

This report discusses the topics like quantitative and qualitative research, social movements, alienation and sustainability concepts related to research. It also explores the decline of social and community cohesion in contemporary society.

Making Sense of
Society Understanding
the Social World
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Table of Contents
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Quantitative and qualitative research.....................................................................................3
Alienation...............................................................................................................................4
Social Movements..................................................................................................................4
Sustainability..........................................................................................................................4
Importance of sustainability ..................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
PART 2............................................................................................................................................6
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................6
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................6
Social and community cohesion are in decline in the contemporary society.........................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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PART 1
INTRODUCTION
Sociology is the survey of social life and social cause that links with the general human being
changes and behaviour. This helps in analysing the structure of society and how people in the
society tends to interaction in different type of situations (Alessandretti et al., 2018). This report
revolves around the discussion on the topics like quantitative and qualitative research, social
movements, alienation and sustainability concepts related to research.
MAIN BODY
Quantitative and qualitative research
Under the Qualitative research, research elements that involves elements that cannot
quantify with the hard data which assist in analysing the results through suitable words. Apart
from this, the quantitative research is helpful in interpretation of data in numbers, statistic and
graphs. The social world is available for the both understanding through concepts and facts. For
example, when a researcher has to analyse the overall behaviour of the group of people. It needs
to properly notice the behaviour while talking, replying, reacting, acting with each other. Hence,
observing the entire behavioural traits and attributes to prepare the report related to the effective
observation in the essay and it will be ascertained that research is conducted on the qualitative
aspect. Thus, it is essential for the investigator to conduct the qualitative investigation to interpret
the action and behaviour of target unit.
Apart from it, In Sense of Society Understanding the Social World quantitative investigation is
important for the investigators to conduct their investigation on the dynamic social problems as
for that they will need choose significant number of candidates and then recognise their results.
In the quantitative research the results are in form of charts, graphs that records the numeric data
that provides reader a better and quick understanding on research outcomes. Moreover, the data
that is related to sociology and social science will not be confined by identification of the whole
behaviour of the individuals. It is rather determined to examine the data of the entire society.
Therefore, it is essential for the investigator to recognise that how many persons are needed to be
selected in order to observe their behavioural aspects in the particular time period. Thus, is
essential for research conductor to focus on both qualitative and quantitative research methods to
have optimal and efficient research (Bahrudin et al., 2021).
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Alienation
Alienation is considered with the circumstance where people is isolated and separated from their
external surrounding including friends and family. It is the circumstance in which people feel
comfortable to be alone and maintain some distance from their social groups and family. This
shows the introversion personality trait of the individual. The human alienation comprises of
different types of symptoms such as feeling left out of the group discussions, feeling of
helplessness, minimal interaction and so on. There is different human alienation such as cultural
estrangement, here the individual feel abandoned from the developed values. Normlessness is the
other alienation where the human feel disconnected from the social circles.
There are the different reasons of causes of the human alienation which involves mental
illness in which person suffers from mental instability or disorder, job related cause in which
individual may feel bullied at workplace or left out due to less expertise in particular areas. Long
working hours in organisation is also a reason for human alienation as the person lose connect
with social life. Therefore, it is analysed that it is important to make such people feel close and
comfortable through proper treatment. Also it is essential that such people are handled with extra
care and concern as lack of attention can lead towards the suicides. Therefore, spreading
positivity and love in society and motivate people to live their life to fullest is essential. Also,
people should be open to their social life.
Social Movements
Social movements define the process through which the number of individual gather at a
place with common objectives and communicate for their rights. The primary aim of the persons
in the social movement is common as they are standing against the unethical or illegal happening
in the surrounding. For example, the social movement of “Black Lives Matter” was against the
practice and action of racial discrimination in the society in between white and black skin lives.
In this social movement the black people confronted the government and law bodies by coming
on streets to make pressure to legally develop the strict norms and punishments against the racial
discrimination against black skin people.
Sustainability
Sustainability is most often word used in the current business environment and in society.
It is defined as the optimal and effective usage of the natural resources in appropriate manner
without compromising the wants and needs of the future generation. So, the aim of sustainability
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is to protect from the depletion and minimization of the natural resources and its impact on
people and environment. The businesses are crafting effective business models that aims to
achieve sustainable development goals such as elimination of carbon footprints, reduction of
wastage, usage of renewable and environmental friendly energy resources, no plastic usage,
optimal utilization of natural resources and much more (Bhat et al., 2019). This framework is set
under the long term objectives of the business as they include the welfare of the whole society,
their people and environment.
The sustainable practices of business are useful to run a business without any barriers as
they have positive impact on environment. “Create Green” is the effective concept by which
business needs to run its operations in relation to sustainability principles that contribute positive
results to create healthy planet and greener society.
Importance of sustainability
Sustainability is the key approach used by the business persons to deduct the extra
expenditure from business. For this, the first investment is high as later it turned as huge return
on investment in long run. For example, by omitting the use of energy that causes pollution or
are not good for environment the individual can save money or use organic materials for the
sustainable and effective production process. In relation to this, the organisations that has
mission to contribute for the betterment of the society creates the positive image in society as
they choose society over money. This also helps the company to gain competitive advantage and
long term sustainable future (Tajudeen, et al., 2018).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that the researches on social groups undertake the
qualitative and quantitative data due to which the alienation is one of the concept in which the
people want to stay alone so that they can distance themselves from the several types of social
group. Further it is also analysed that the social movements are done in order to influence the
government from accepting their demand of development in the norms regarding human rights.
Sustainability is the way in which companies emphasise on completing needs by taking action to
save resources for future.
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PART 2
INTRODUCTION
Social cohesion and community cohesion is one of the concepts that undertake the different
set of areas that exist in sociology that are concerned with the action and behaviour of people in
social groups and further the overall forming of powerful community which dictates the action
and behaviour of social individuals.
MAIN BODY
Social and community cohesion are in decline in the contemporary society
Social cohesion is the integration and inclusion in the communities and different societies on a
large extent at which the mutual solidarity finds the different set of expression itself in
communities and individuals. This depicts the characteristics of society and interdependence of
individuals in society. It can also be referred as the situation of Social cohesion in which the
declining stage suggests the enhancement of shortage in the economic inclusive growth across
the world (Kozak & Recchia, 2019). The different set of classifications among people in society
occurs due to the differences that are there in material conditions and ideologies.
There are several set of theories that tried to analyse the reason behind shortage of social
cohesion. One of the theories was proposed by Karl Marx, he was a powerful thinker who
critically analysed material and data differences as it directly impacts on the social cohesion
between the different classes of society. It provides a great contribution in the outlook in the
insufficiency of social cohesion in society. The Marxist view puts importance on the
contradictions and systems that are conflicting the argues and maintenance considering classical
contact which is considered as distributive in the capital society. This theory aims at eliminating
the social cohesion as individual further get in the definite relation which is independent and
indispensable respecting will.
Apart from this the conservative point of view on social cohesion is refers to an individual lead
to integration of society that are unable to form any type of community within the social
cohesion because of shortage of models (Parwani et al.,2019). The concept of Morality and code
of conduct plays a major role in the society in order to maintain social cohesion for a longer
period of time. This is to remove the absence of social cohesion that currently exists in the
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society and bring a sense of homogeneity. Social cohesion is considered as a community which
helps in development of unified community across society for long time.
Particularly, there are five set of dimensions of social equation that undertakes belonging vs
isolation, non-involvement vs participation, exclusion vs inclusion and so on and so forth.
Alienation and the concept of isolation in the contemporary society is exploding day by day
because of various reasons such as feeling cut off from the society, poor health conditions and
materialistic things and illness. Further the concept of multiculturalism has increased the
inclusion of several members existing across the globe yet exclusionary represents their set of
views towards the social groups and immigrants.
Low degree in terms of several aspects and conception of social cohesion represents that
reason of decrement social cohesion in now days. Further the addition in isolation and exclusion
are factors which have negative impact on community cohesion. The community cohesion here
represents the unity factor and the attachments that depicts increase in unity among the members
of particular community.
There are several major features in the social cohesion that mutually depicts the strengths,
relations, solidarity, trust and sense of belongingness among the people having the elimination of
inequality and exclusion in society. Digital technology has expedited in an impressive creation of
the realistic society where the interaction is less and there is shortage of belongingness in society
(Newen, 2018). Moreover, due to enhanced technology, there has been several issues that
directly lead to the lack of social cohesion in society. Digital platforms must be used less in order
to bring more inclusion of people in society which will directly lead to social cohesion.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that the condition of society in terms of social
cohesion is weak. The Marxism theory on the other hand suggested that the deficiencys of social
cohesion is somehow connected with conflict theory and further the social people is divided
amongst the isolated and separated people. The decline in social cohesion in the recent period is
due to the shortage of morals and weakness in people across the world. Further there are several
areas such as cyber bullying and shortage of physical communication which has resisted in the
process of creation of strong set of communities. Shortage of social cohesion is one of the major
areas that impacts the community in terms of loyalty and trust issues.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alessandretti, L., et al., (2018). Understanding the interplay between social and spatial
behaviour. EPJ Data Science, 7(1), 36.
Bahrudin, B., et al., (2021). Social learning for understanding planning practices at the individual
level. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(S1), 284-292.
Bhat, S. A., et al., (2019). Understanding social marketing and well-being: A review of selective
databases. Vikalpa, 44(2), 75-87.
Kozak, S., & Recchia, H. (2019). Reading and the development of social understanding:
Implications for the literacy classroom. The Reading Teacher, 72(5), 569-577.
Newen, A. (2018). The person model theory and the question of situatedness of social
understanding. In The Oxford handbook of 4E cognition (pp. 469-492). Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Parwani, P., et al., (2019). Understanding social media: opportunities for cardiovascular
medicine. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 73(9), 1089-1093.
Tajudeen, F. P., et al., (2018). Understanding the impact of social media usage among
organizations. Information & Management, 55(3), 308-321.
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