Role of Leader and Manager in Organization

This report analyzes the impact of leaders and managers on the operations of an organization, and the role they play in maintaining effective operations. It also explores various leadership and management theories and models.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Role of Leader and Manager within an Organization..........................................................1
Characteristics of Leader and Manager in Organization....................................................2
Difference Between the role of Leader and Function of Manager within Organization. 3
Critical Analysis of Leader's Role and Functions of manager in Organization...............3
Theories of Leadership Approach Within Organization......................................................4
CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is the method whereby resources are combined and converted
in a monitoredway to add value in accordance with the procedures communicated by
manager (Udod and et.al., 2017). Operation management is important to improve the
overall productivity.Inthis report, the Human Resource Manager of Primark Stores
Limited will analyse the impact of leadersand managers on the operations, due to the
changes in the business environment and how they respond to various situations in the
company. Primark is an Irish multinational fast fashion retail organisation, established
by Arthur Ryan in year 1969 at Dublin, Ireland. Primark is operating on over 370 stores
around the world (Primark,2020). In this report role of leader and functions of manager
will be analysed in detail. Various leadership and management theories and models will
be provided in the study to better understand their approaches within an organization.
The importance of leader and manager will be analysed for the effective operation
management within the organization.
Role of Leader and Manager within an Organization
Manager is the person that administrate an organisation or a group of people. It also
can be considered as the person responsible for controlling and directing the progress
of the company.
Leadership is known as activity to direct or guide group of people in an organisation.
A leader is the person who influences a group of people in order to achieve a common
goal. Both leadership and management are important for performance of the
organization in the target market. In an organization role of leader and manager is most
important (Renz, 2016).
There are different roles played by leader and managerwithin organization. The
role of leader within an organization is to create vision, this is all about giving direction
to the employees and managers to maintain effective operations within organization, to
motivate employees to keep them efficient and satisfied with in the workplace,to
delegate power and responsibilities in managers and employees to gain efficiency in
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operations, to provide financial resources to meet all the operational demands of
organization and to lead the innovative change for effective performance of company in
the target market (Bush, Bell and Middlewood, 2019), while the role of a manager is to
Plan,monitor, control and lead all the operations of company to keep it free from major
and minor failures and keep operations of organization productive(Rothaermel, 2016).
In large size organization it is not possible for the leader to make direct communication
with employees in effective manner. In this situation, the manager of the company plays
role of mediator between the leadership of organization and employees. This is how
manager communicate the changes decisions that are implemented by leadership of
company in the operations. By this process manager help the leadership to
communicate the goal of organization to the base level employees.(McCaffery, 2018).
Characteristics of Leader and Manager in Organization
Characteristics of Leader
There are some qualities possessed by leader of organization which can help
them to lead the organization effectively. Some of the main characteristics of leader are-
this is nature of the leader be honest with the organization and employees in order to
influence then in the effective manner. They are also effective and efficient in
communication. This effective communication providesthe capability to influence and
motivate employees to improve their performance in the organization. Creative thinking
is also one of most important characteristics of leader this thing helps them to
implement various changes and innovation in the organization (Gopee and Galloway,
2017). By this change implementing changes in organization leaders open the
organization for new opportunities. The most important characteristics of leader is risk
taking. By taking financial risk for company leader of organization allows the managers
and employees to work on change in operations of company.
Characteristic of Manager
The characteristic of manager isnot different form leader of organization but there
is slight difference between characteristic of leader and manager (Yahaya and Ebrahim,
2016). Main characteristic of manager in organization are- managers of company holds
huge experience and knowledge of field that allows them to effectively manage the
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challenges and issues within the operations of organization. Managers also have
capability to manage different operations and tasks in efficient manner to maintain the
effective operations of organization (Bush and Glover, 2016). Time management is also
one of the main characteristics of manager. This ability providesthe capability to
complete various tasks within the deadline. Managers are also confident in what they
do, and this confidence help them to take difficult decisions within the operations of
organization.
Difference Between the role of Leader and Function of Manager within Organization
There are many differences between the role of leader and functions of manager
within the business organization like Primark Stores Limited. This difference can be
explained as the role of the leader is to inspire and motivate employees, but function of
the manager is to make effective planning in order to keep the operational performance
of company high. In different conditions leaders provide their views and suggestion to
the employees and managers but this is function of the manager to make effective plan
in the organization to avoid the implementation barriers for change or innovation
(Diamond and Spillane, 2016). The role of the leader is considered to inspire employees
in order to improve their motivation level and encourage them to improve their efforts
within organization operations. This is how the role of the leader is different form the
function of the manager in the organization.
Critical Analysis of Leader's Role and Functions of manager in Organization
The role and function of manager and leader are different in various situation.
The approaches which are used by leader and manager are completely different from
each other (Anderson and Sun, 2017). For example, if organization is facing
performance issues in marketplace then the role of leader will be different form the
function of manager. In this condition the role of leader is to suggest changes and
innovation in organization in order to meet the operational goals of organization. This is
also their role to motivate the employees of the Primark Stores Limited to encourage
them in order to gain internal operation efficiency in the target market (Golensky and
Hager, 2020). For the same situation the function of the manager is to implement the
changes that are suggest by leader in the organization to meet operational goals of
company. Manager will also make various changes in the processes and roles of
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employees to overcome the operational issues of company.
For situation of high employee turnover, role of leader is to motivate employees
by making personal and public communication (Fiaz, Su and Saqib, 2017). By inspiring
employees’ leader can help to reduce the employee turnover in Primark Stores Limited.
In this case, function of the manager is to make changes in the task allotment in order to
reduce the load on the employees to improve their motivation within the organization to
make positive impact on their performance and quality of their work.
Theories of Leadership Approach Within Organization
There are different theories can be used to analyse and explain the approaches
which are used by the leadership of organization (Worthy, Dawson and Tavakoli, 2020).
Theories like situational theory of leadership, system theory of leadership and
contingency theory of management are most effective theories which can provide better
explanation to the approaches that can be adopted by leaders of Primark Stores Ltd.
Situational Theory of Leadership
This theory is considered as one of the best theories of leadership which can be
used to explain the approaches and actions of the leader in the organization (Meyer,
and Xin, 2018). A successful leader must be able to adopt this style to lead the
organization efficiently. According this theory there are different situations are faced by
the leader within the organization and the approach of the leader should be meeting the
requirement of situation. There is not any single approach is available that can be
considered as best approach to lead the organization effectively. This is important for
the leader to select approach that is most suitable for the situation. This is how by using
specific approach for specific situation leader can provide better solution. There are four
approaches are mainly used by leader in organization which are- Telling, Selling.
Delegating and participating. Telling is a directive approach where leader of Primark can
provide specific direction to employees to follow (Bolden, 2016). There is no role of
employees in decision making process. In selling approach leaders at Primark can
make decision for the employees and ask them to follow their decision. In participation
approach, the Primark leaders can include the employees in the decision-making
process. In delegating approach leaders of Primark can delegate, the power in the
employees to take right decision for operations. This is how different approaches are
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used by the leader in different situation in Primark as well. For instance, when
performance issues arise in Primark, leaders can motivate the employees to improve
their performance in organization but in condition of misconduct, the leaders must take
strict decision against the Primark employees.
Strength
1. This approach provide flexibility in the approach of leader.
2. It helps the leader to create better working environment within the organization.
3. This approach is easier to implement in leadership practices.
Weaknesses
1. This leadership practices are based on the current needs or short-term goals of
organization. So not good to achieve long term goals of organization.
System Approach of Leadership
According to the system theory of leadership enables the leader to make
effective system or condition within the organization that can help them to meet all
requirement of the employees to create better working environment (Choi, Kim and
Kang, 2017). This approach can be explained as process where the leader of Primark
can use it to make different changes in the structure of the organization to develop
effective working environment in the organization in order to reduce the operational
issues within the company i.e. Primark (Hitka and et.al., 2018). For example, to reduce
the communication barrier within the organization company structure of Primark can be
changed from hierarchical to matrix structure in order to improve the communication
and control on each stage. This is how system theory of leadership can be use by the
leader to create better working environment in Primark Stores Limited.
Strength
1. This theory can be helpful to deal with complex situation and issue.
2. The effectiveness of this approach is high.
3. It helps to recognise the need of super system.
Weaknesses
1. This approach is not always applicable to all situations.
2. System theory do not include specific process of method.
Contingency Theory of Leadership
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According to this theory there is not any approach which can be considered as
best approach to lead an organization in right manner (Ricard and et.al., 2017).
According to the contingency leadership theory, approach of leader only can be
considered as best approach if it is meeting all the requirement of a situation. In
accordance with this theory leaders at Primark have selected the approach where
leader is meeting and addressing all the requirements of situation and this approach
can be considered as best approach to lead the organization operating at a wider scale
such as Primark effectively (Bolden, 2016). For example, the approach of motivating,
people cannot always be used in all conditions. Motivation approach can be used in
only those conditions in Primark or in any other organisations, where employees are
facing issues regarding performance. For other situation like workplace misconduct,
motivation approach cannot be used. This is how this is important for the leaders to
select best effective approach to lead the Primark Store Limited with high effectiveness.
Strengths
1. Most leaders usethese approaches to lead the organization in the right manner.
2. This leadership style is predictive.
3. Applicable in all conditions.
Weaknesses
1. This approach is more generalised, and it do not provide specific process to
address problem.
2. This approach ignores the universal principles.
3. This theory is based on situation not on tools and processes that will be used in
the process
CONCLUSION
This report is concluding the role of leader and functions of manager in the organization.
The difference between roles of leader and functions of manager has been concluding
the report. Various theories have been explained in the report that can be used by the
leadership to improve the performance of organization in the target market.
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