Management and Operations in Tesco

This document discusses the role of management and operations in Tesco, focusing on the differences between leaders and managers, their functions, and the interrelationship between leadership and management. It also explores various theories and models used in Tesco's management and operations. The content provides insights into how management and operations contribute to the success of the organization.

Management and Operations
Higher Nationals
– BTEC (RQF)
Student Name ID
Unit Number and Title Unit 4 – Management and Operations
Academic Year 2019/2020 Cohort April 20 Term
Unit Leader Assessor
Assessment Title
Understanding how management and
operations make a positive, efficient and
effective contribution to an organization
Issue Date
Submission Summative
IV Name
IV Date
Learners Declaration: I certify that the work submitted for this unit is my own
and the research sources are fully acknowledged.
Learners Name
pg. 1

Management and operations

Management and Operations
Table of Contents
Higher Nationals .........................................................................................................................................1
– BTEC (RQF)................................................................................................................................................1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................4
Differences between the types of leader and the functions of a manager.............................................4
The role of leaders and managers in an operational functions of an organization in given contexts.....7
Acknowledging the role leaders and managers in an operational functions of organization...............14
An interrelationship in between leadership and management within contemporary business
environment.........................................................................................................................................17
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................21
References/Bibliography ..........................................................................................................................22
pg. 3

Introduction
Leadership as well as management both are an indispensable part of conducting an effective
organization for meeting the Tesco goal or profit. It helps to strengthen the company’s structures
and policies to lead a more designed and polished strategy for the organization. The assessment
looks out for various types and styles of leadership and management proficiency to determine the
SWOT analysis for respective institutions, also for its organizational and management necessities
and situations.
Differences between the types of leader and the functions of a manager
Leaderships and management have different meanings but most often these terms are
used for same purposes. Leadership is basically a part of management which refers to providing
directions or vision and motivate others to help them reach a pre-planned Tesco (Lin and et. al.,
2018). Whereas, management includes overall activities of planning, organizing, staffing,
directing, motivating, coordinating and controlling. The different roles and comparisons between
the character of a manager and leader in case of Tesco organization is presented below:
-COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: Leadership is defined as the ability to influence and
guide a group towards the attainment of goal. Management always make sure that certain
balance is maintained within the working so that accomplishment of success and growth become
easier and flexible.
 Leadership is the process pf leading others through communication and motivation to a
desired goal. Management means to systematically organize and coordinate resources in
an effective way.

Management and Operations
 Leadership is the quality that inspires others to trust on the leaders. Management is more
about controlling and coordinating the subordinates.
 Leaders must be foresighted, but managers do not require such.
 All managers cannot be a good leader whereas all leaders are good managers.
 Leadership is proactive in nature however management is reactive.
 Leaders need to set a varied list of guidelines and principles. Managers set Tesco,
procedure and policies on which the desired goal is implemented.
Role of leaders
 Arise vision: Leader of Tesco make sure that clear vision is established under which
employee get clarity about what to achieved and how to as well. In this adequate path is
provided to all so that success is achieved with better sustainability.
 Simulator potential: A leader has higher potential so that others get influenced with
easiness so that standardized outcome is achieved with appropriateness.
Characteristics of Leader: -
 Attractive: It is a characteristics in which employee get attracted formerly with others so
that task and actions is completed within timely basis.
 Effectual Communicator: It is a quality under which leader of Tesco has transferred
different information with certain uniqueness so that ability to reduce redundancy is
getting managed.
pg. 5

Roles of Manager:
 Create Policies: Manager has design different policy and strategies that is followed by
all the individual's so that productive outcome is achieved as while managing durability.
 Mandate Duty: In this manager segment overall task and actions with suitability so that
working capabilities is increases over repetitive basis (Matthews and et. al., 2018).
Characteristics of Manager: -
 Time Management Skill: It is a skills in which manager not only divide the task in
different format but also ensure that favorable ending is resulted within certain period of
instance.
 Trenchant Social Skills: It is a characteristics in which manager of Tesco promote
effectual interaction so that clear information in processed that furthermore enhances
productiveness.
The leader and manager has played different roles and characteristics that is as illustrate
below as:
Basis Leader Manager
Role A leader play vital role within the
working completion of Tesco as they
have provide and offer appropriate
guidance to all the individual's so that
work is completed on time as along
with certain efficiency as well. In
addition leader also looking forward to
transfer clear and transparent goals and
Tesco under which mission and vision
of business become more clearer.
The manager always make sure that
certain control on administration
procedure is processed. In this each
individual's performance has been
considerate and analysed with
perfection and then other beneficiary
facilities is provided and offered
accordingly.
Characte
ristics
It is essential that leader must have
strong interactive and communication
The manager has vibrant and
confident personality as by which

Management and Operations
skills as in this they could easily get
connect with other individual's. In
addition to this leader of Tesco also
has that charisma so that people get
influenced and followed them with
suitability.
they could provide solution to each
and every problem under which
productiveness among working is
emphasized.
Theories In context to leader they have followed
various theories such as system,
autocratic, contingency and many
others as well.
In relation to manager they have
followed various theories such as
behavioral, bureaucratic etc.
The role of leaders and managers in an operational functions of an organization in given
contexts
A manager has to conduct a number of activities to accomplish the main goal and leaders
lead through influencing and guiding to achieve the goal. Leadership and management features
have different varsities and roles that needs to be flexible to adjust with the situations. In Tesco,
various situations arise were a leader and manager must tackle with patience and proper
conscience. Some situational contexts help to boost strength while others can create major
weaknesses.
An operation management basically defines the different manner through which business
has make sure that raw material get transferred into the finished goods so that cost efficiency is
attained with perfection. It is usually define as a strategic approach which is used to make higher
profit under which constraint success is achieved over continuous period of time. It is used by
the business as in order to reduce the production cost under which profit margin is increases with
effectiveness. In addition to this it also assist to make cost-cutting under which working
performance and productivity is enhances with repetitiveness.
Stable situation: A stable situation is always preferred by an organization. It implies that
there will be consistency with the institutional goal and other major pertaining situations. It
includes stable bank rate, inflation does not occur, no stagnation in the economy, healthy
working conditions etc. Well, if Tesco need to maintain an effective working environment l, the
pg. 7

manager needs to ensure that efficient workforce is gathered, and the organizing and staffing are
done accordingly maintaining coherence with planning. A responsible leader would motivate his
employees through incentives and implementing required direction and look over his
subordinates to avoid mistakes to ensure the best and maintain a stable situation. Business
leaders lay hold of labor, basic material and transform them into merchandiser which can be
called operation management. It has a logic when those salable products are of any services.
They also have an organizational strategy under which management of business take beneficial
actions from which sustained profit is attained in easiest mode. In this management of Tesco
has make sure that complex conditions has been resolved as while working with suitable
interpretation so that constant outcome is achieved with suitability. In relation to Tesco, leader
and manager perform various role and function that is as explained below as:
Role of leader
 Leader of Tesco make used of different styles of leadership as per the dependency and
availability of situation.
 In relation to situation management it is required that sustain control over performance is
maintained so that productive modification is induced in timely basis.
 The effective decision-making is applied by leader of Tesco by which accountability has
been managed with adequacy.
Functions of manager
 The manger gathered all the required information and make suitable decision-making so
that working standards has been modified. In addition manager develop efficient planning
so that accomplishment of task become flawlessness.
 Manager of Tesco play essential role and responsibility and assigned different roles to
others as well as per its skills and abilities. In this working efficiency and effectiveness
both get enhanced and under which maximum ideas and thoughts has been developed
by which rate of generation of favorable ending is increases.
Slow to moderate changing circumstances: The organizations that has to keep a regular
update of the changing economic and other stages needs to make some modifications to achieve

Management and Operations
the results. A situation may arise in Tesco where due to inclusion of new technology some
employees may not get comfortable with it. In that case, a manager’s duty is to help the
responsible employees get familiar with it through training and a leader can help through guiding
about how the new technology can be used.
Fast Changing Situation: This is the fastest scene in the enterprise at present when the
pertaining situations are combined in conjunction with the thematic environment. In the financial
market. for instance, there are sudden changes caused by fluctuations in indexes such as NSE,
BSE etc. this can affect investors. Fast changing conditions are maintained by Tesco when it
requires multiple approaches and processes to ensure that the profitability and performance of
the company is maintained. It is a condition in which Tesco and its management make sure that
adequate strategies are developed as while making suitable utilization of resources. In this both
manger and leader worked on to enhance performance and its abilities that is as addressed below
as:
Role of leader
 Leader of Tesco make effective interpretation of each and every situation and as per that
design certain report by which long term success and growth is developed.
 It is required that long term accessibility is addressed within Tesco and it is processed
with the effort of leader as they have create clear vision that is processed with certain
precision.
Function of manager
 Manager has perform various functions and make sure that better services has been
processed as while delivering better values. In this as while launching new product
manager make analysis as from where profit margin is developed with continuity.
 Tesco's manager make recruitment as while maintaining transparent concern and focus as
while enhancing working capabilities of employee's. Thus for this offer appropriate
training and development by which satisfactorily outcome is developed.
Outer Organizational Changes: These are the changes that occur due to the external
forces outside of the enterprise. Such subjects can be government’s laws and policies, tax and
pg. 9

revenue changes, inflation, style changes and improvements which are included in the
macroeconomic activities. Due to change in govt. economic policy it might be such that some
products of Tesco may get banned or other restrictions. Such case the manager needs to act fast
to cope up with the new change and plan to modify other existing products that would require
adequate staffing and organizing and leadership will help to exercise the best efforts as early as
possible.
 Managers design and plan the goal and structures and delegates authority and
responsibility by gathering efficient resources, leaders direct by considering the
organizational plans through communicating and inspiring the subordinates to achieve the
designated Tesco. As an HR intern of Tesco, the managerial operation would have been
to gather resources and information and distribute authority and responsibility among
desired employees. And leadership would aid me to direct the workforce for earning
effective results. Situational leadership would help in the case to apply the required
directing style for different employees.
 Tesco have a huge employee turnover for which it is necessary to involve contingency
leadership theory. It is the idea where no specific or exact answer or style can have
applied. On the other hand, managerial operation of the manager would be to recruit
qualitative manpower and providing them with proper financial and other incentives.
 Another type of leadership is systems leadership that collaborates and enables to support
the systems level change. At the time when Tesco have different complex situations to
handle multiple uncertainties this leadership is preferred. However, a potential manager
would highly take precautions sand foresight on the possible risks before planning the
whole project.
 Trait theory of leadership means leaders are believed to have the leadership quality in
nature. Qualities that a leader posse are available in such person beforehand.
Different theories and models of approach

Management and Operations
There are different theories and models that has been used by leader of Tesco and that is
as explained below as:
Situational leadership: It is leadership style in which leader has provide different
solution as per the requirement and demand of condition. It is also being used to process
effective working within which competitive competency is addressed with certain
appropriateness. The leader of Tesco followed Blamchard and Hersey leadership and it is
described below as:
 Telling: In this leader take suitable decisions and along with this make sure that clear
information is transferred by which completion of activity and task become even more
successful.
 Selling: In this leader of Tesco has present its thought and take appreciation from
maximum of employee's so that supportive changes is addressed.
 Delegating: It is an aspect under which leader worked on to develop strong involvement
and participation as while scheduling and controlling various task and actions.
 Participating: Leader of Tesco has take particular decision so that moderate level of
participation is addressed within which working suitability has been influenced.
Systems leadership: It is basically define a set of capabilities and skills through which
business make sustained usage of knowledge so that productive amount of changes is
implemented with certainty. It act as a catalyst by which adequate support is processed so that
systematic change in leadership is addressed. In this accurate building of coalition and its
insights is mobilized so that modified range of innovation is inserted as while managing balance
network. It offer adequate solution under which ability of Tesco to get specified outcome within
balanced time period is increases with continuity.
Contingency leadership: It is a style in which leader induce better effectiveness that has
completely dependent upon the particular situations. In this effectiveness of leader is increases in
which accurate solution is offered about each circumstances so that productivity among task
completion is increases. It helps to make right setting as while inducing clear concern about
situational effectiveness by which redundancy and complexities among working is reduced.
pg. 11

In context to Tesco, situational leadership has been used by leaders and in this prospect
appropriate solution is designed as per the requirement and dependency of working and
requirement. It is a style of leadership that assist to get over from different working challenges so
that productiveness is increases with perfection.
Leadership styles:
Directive style: The type of leadership where authority is implemented to provide
direction and get results is directive style.
Supportive style: Leadership in which although leaders delegate authority but considers
the opinion suggestions of his subordinates too is known as supportive style. The subordinate’s
problems are considered, and leadership is provided in a democratic way.
Participative style: The type of leadership in which the leader is compassionate and
conducts direction by considering the willingness of his subordinates.
Achievement-oriented style: The Leadership only aims at achievement of the goal and
does not consider the problems and suggestion of the employees. The main Tesco is to achieve
the outcome, along with the degree of employ-ability, competence and enhanced level of trust
acquired.
To have control in the desired manner, Tesco has used a participatory model of
leadership in the organization in order to act.
In the mentioned part, it is thought that there are different parts that present the Tesco
group's managerial and leadership styles in order to achieve the results in a significant way that
also include the major advantages of variable conditions that has been incorporated in the
company.
The key approaches to operations management
TQM: It is an acronym of Total Quality Management within which business has worked
on to achieve both short and long term goals as while satisfying the requirement and demand of
customer’s. It consist of collective effort of all the different individual's those are working within
the business so that continuous improvement is induced through which ability and capability of
working is enhanced while circulating higher values. In this leader and manager of Tesco make

Management and Operations
sure consistent changes is implied as while planning and controlling all the different activities so
that productive amount of changes is addressed with suitableness.
Total quality management or TQM refers to the concept customer satisfaction achieved
through quality service. Tesco manages its customer’s satisfaction when there is a new collection
of products. TQM helped Tesco ensuring them to maintain quality and satisfaction in their
service which helps them to brand their market image.
Kaizen lean Production: is the approach of management through which clear focus and
concern is attained towards waste management, enhancement of productivity and profitability as
while making sustained improvements. It basically helps to better their service and ensure the
best from utilizing the minimum resources. The leader as well as manager of Tesco ensure that
production cost has been reduced so that profitability ratio and its margin both get intensified
with parallel modifications.
In this leader and manager play vital role so that working criterion's is implemented with
perfection and along with this appropriate changes and alteration is addressed that is as
furthermore explained below as:
pg. 13

Provide direction: In relation to Tesco the leader offer adequate path to its workers so
that easy and flexible changes is implemented by which long term accessibility is achieved with
durability. On the other manager make sure that all the different individual has performed its task
and actions with suitability. In this overall activity is segmented into different segments by which
working efficiency is enhanced in sustained mode.
Bring excellence initiative: Leader of Tesco worked on to intensify quality working so
that potential and capability of each individual is getting enhanced. While manager make sure
that both short and long terms goals and accomplished as while making better advantage of
competition.
Acknowledging the role leaders and managers in an operational functions of organization
Leaders and managers are the two main person of an organization. Managers set and
organizes plan and resources and leaders guide the subordinates to the designated goal.
Management operations is the process of converting the labor and manpower into
potential resources as efficiently as possible to attain the maximum profit of an organization. The
management of business include different operations such as planning, organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling that must be done from the beginning to ensure the best results. If
operations are not done properly, work becomes slow, turnover reduces, work becomes
overloaded and Tesco is not fulfilled. Management operations in Tesco Group:
Planning: It is framework of how the whole work can be conducted. Planning must be
done effectively fore sighting all possible risks and keeping alternatives that are flexible with the
process. Tesco has taken a new project for which fall wear has some new and exciting
collections. So accordingly, planning is done of how, when and in what manner the collection
should be presented to reach the actual profit.
Organizing: Organizing means to collect and arrange resources and procedures of how
the plan is to be lead. Labor and materials need to have cost effectively so that adequate profit
can be gained. For the fall collection, Tesco needs to collect materials and other stuffs for which
organizing should be done.

Management and Operations
Staffing: Staffing includes all the activities starting from recruiting, training, selection of
human resources. Staffing delegates related responsibility and authority to candidates. To make
adequate sales during fall season, Tesco has to prepare the employees trained up properly.
Leading: A leader creates vision of how to make the planned goal successful. Leadership
enables to guide the subordinates. A good leader can make the best use from limited resources.
Controlling: Control is a function of management that is necessary to check whether the
actual result is accurate to the planned action. It helps to check errors in order to take corrective
actions by setting standards and measuring the result to take corrective measures. Tesco group’s
controlling measures need to be identified properly so that in case of derivation of actual results
from the expected results, proper measures can be taken.
pg. 15

Role of management operations in achieving business objectives:
Customer service: It is especially important to ensure the utmost satisfaction of the
customers by providing the best goods and services. Operations of management help to extract
the best services for the need of customers’ service.
Resource utilization: To achieve the maximum from the minimum resource is a real goal
of management. It is one of the functions of a good leader to utilize the maximum out of the
resources available through efficient leadership.
Quality management: Management operations are necessary to ensure the quality of a
product in achieving business objectives.
Supply chain management: Supply chain is also an important part of business objective.
To ensure sufficient inventory and restocking, management operations are effective.
Tesco uses total quality management so that productive amount of changes is addressed
with timely constrained. In this business has worked on to reduce production costing by which
ability of business to gain higher sales is increases with fluency. In this long term sustainability
is achieved under which market share is enhanced with 30% and for this affordable strategies
and policies has been implemented.
An interrelationship in between leadership and management within contemporary business
environment
-Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
CSR or corporate social responsibility is the role that commits the enterprise to work for
the societal goals by engaging either voluntarily or financially. The leaders of the society try to
ensure the well-being of the society by trying to give something for the society. Doing various
environmental works, donations, free education etc. big companies perform the Corporate social
responsibility. Leaders and managers must ensure that CSR Is valued by organizations.
Corporate social responsibility gives the enterprise the guarantee about the ethical character of it.
 Adopting short-term techniques which would benefit the organization in the long run.
 Adjustment and negotiation with the application of CSR.

Management and Operations
 Ensuring that the CSR policy benefits the local community.
 Using of natural and local resources in development.
 Organizing the manufacturing industry so that extra or unnecessary items is not
produced.
 Aim not to raise the level of pollution and take preventive measures for environment
pollution.
 To ensure that harmful or infectious products are not produced that effect the
environment.
CSR in contemporary times have become very efficient due to the growing communities.
CSR although the potential loss of socially conscious consumers. CSR impacts the employees
job satisfaction level and retention rates. CSR policy helps to bolster the company’s name and
brand image more in the market which boosts sales and also develop employee morale that
results in more productivity. Tesco uses CSR activities so as to develop potential stability by
which consumer attractiveness is increases and it also have direct impact over attention grabbing
of customer’s. It get priorities by the business as with the support of strategy implementation by
which risk of loosing market share is getting balanced. In this Tesco avoid paying tax and fines
through which legal cost is also getting balanced. In this business has also make selective usage
of energy and its efficiency as while making home delivery under which balanced relation is
developed in between the customer's and marketplace. It also assist to induce alternative solution
under which various source of collective raw material is getting enhanced with adequacies.
Culture
The culture of an enterprise depends on the policy and general rules in the entity. Culture
of the place ad country also effects on the organizations culture. Organizational culture has a
drastic role on the employee culture for ensuring affectivity, productivity and sustainability.
Employee culture makes it easier for the entity to make an employee of a given culture more
effective.
 Decisions of the entity are based on the ethics and cultural values of the society in all
cases.
pg. 17

 People can easily relate and acknowledge to products that are part of the culture.
Values
Values are the qualities that help to succeed an entity in the targeted market, by ensuring
the clients interest and expectations accordingly so that they can deliver the actual product or
service to the appropriate and desirable customer. Values are the standards that are persistent to
the society and are developed based on human behavior and attitude. At the time of decision
making, interests of the customers are a core thing to consider.
Ethics
At the time of conducting business, the entity must ensure that the operations of the
business are not responsible for any actions that are not persistent with the ethical points of the
society. Administrators and executives need to ensure that the organization fulfills the country’s
ethical policies through their operations.
 Encouraging growth of the business to support stockholders' interests.
 Ensuring the ethical principles are enforced through the organization’s whole
organizational hierarchy.
 Help with and in industry the fundamental code of ethics.
 Not to unfairly promote or advertise products
Sustainability
To ensure that assets of the company are not mismanaged, and all the services purchased
are properly user is sustainability. To represent itself as a responsible entity, it is necessary to
maintain sustainability for every corporation.
 To ensure that the company's plans and policies are realistic in nature.
 Not to use products which cause deformation to society's social and cultural ethics.
Stockholder

Management and Operations
Stockholders are the party who have a claim in the company. Anyone who is related with
the operations of an organization is a stockholder. They can primarily be company staff, clients,
creditor, government and even the society. The managers and leaders must work according to
meeting the objectives and interests of the stockholders. Organizations work for meeting the
stockholders demand in association to which the goal is determined.
 Stockholders are people or organizations who have a share in stock of a company.
 The company works because of the needs and requirements of its owners.
 Customers in the business sector wants quality full goods.
 Workers stockholders want a good working environment.
 Retailer shareholders expect the order and delivery of the goods to be satisfactory.
 Government shareholders expects that there would be proper tax policies and other laws
and ensure the economic situation to be favorable.
Developing, Encouraging and satisfying entrepreneurship
The key purpose of an organization is to develop its way to the market ensuring local and
global development. Although there are several strategies that help an organization to gain their
customers attention and to ensure company growth. The policies laid down for entrepreneurship
must be recognized by leaders and managers, as the principles would allow them to apply
processes within the corporate environment and to create new strategic approaches or even to
modify the organizational framework.
 To present the employee with training and development.
 Employees are concerned of their personal roles and duties.
 Motivating workers to benefit highly from various opportunities.
Supporting, developing and sustaining Entrepreneurship
Leaders and managers play a crucial part in entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs constantly
deal with risk-oriented tasks for the well-being and success of the entity. The role of a manager is
pg. 19

to identify such entrepreneurship qualities and motivate employees to build and innovate their
measuring and optimizing.
The role and responsibility a leader
 Identifying the employ-ability factors of the employees in the organization.
 Ensure that innovative and creative talents are utilized for the development of the
company.
 To ensure the creation of the individual's attitude and vision.
The manager's duties and responsibilities:
 Making sure that all divisions share in the institution’s activities.
 Motivate the subordinates to innovate through entrepreneurship.
 To utilize the employee's risk-taking abilities to execute different organizational
activities.

Management and Operations
Conclusion
The various roles of operational management by managers and leaders in day-to-day
business activities has been illustrated in this assessment starting from production to distribution
process. To enhance the entity’s organizational efficiency and quality, the leaders and managers
set several policies and standards and develop the business management. This assessment also
describes that an organization must perform corporate social responsibility an also maintain
ethics, values in all sustainable manners and environment. Ethical standards should always be
taken into consideration.
pg. 21

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Management and Operations
pg. 23