Operation Management and Control Systems

This assignment delves into the multifaceted field of operation management, encompassing diverse topics such as microgrid architectures and control, infection prevention in operating rooms, human resources impact on productivity, internet of things (IoT) management, and electronic project management systems. It examines academic research papers, patent applications, and case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of current practices and emerging trends in operation management.

MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
P1 Different roles and characteristics of a leader and manager in context to M&S....................3
P.2 Role of leader and function of a manager apply in different situational of M&S.................5
P.3 Different theories and model of approach used by M&S......................................................5
P.4 Key approaches to operation management and the role that leader and manager play in
M&S.............................................................................................................................................6
P.5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.............8
P.6 Factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision making by leader and manager......................................................................................9
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
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INTRODUCTION
Management and operation plays an important role in the organizations to enhance the
productivity of firm and improve the efficiency of employees. M&S is an retail organist ion
which required the better management and operation. But the leader and manager have various
roles and characteristics in terms of motivate employees and risk taking in different situation to
improve the employees performances on the parts and characteristics of the pioneer and
differentiation in their working. Further, novel specialist hypotheses will be associated in M&S
for effective working of the affiliation. On the other hand, the tension will be laid on factors
which influence the business condition and further game plans will be prescribed to decide the
issue. The different theories and model approach used in the organization for the effective
outcomes in the firm. Also the key approaches and the various roles of leader and manager
played in the organizations. As the importance of operation and management its value will be
help in achieving business objectives.
P1 Different roles and characteristics of a leader and manager in context to M&S.
The most important role play by leader and manager for the effective outcomes in the
organisations.
The leader and manager have various roles and characteristics in their working style: It is
the most important factor that will help in the improving their firm’s operation and management.
Leader will motivate the group members with better operation management of the firm. While
the manager try to utilize the major factor and various theories and approach of management. As
the leader will take the risk ad manager will reduce the risk by effective planning.
The following different can be identified between the leader and manager such as:
BASIS LEADER MANAGER
Definition As the leader is the key
individual who will lead the
association group to
accomplish the association
destinations.
Manager is the key individual
in the association who will
control the firm through
speculations and ways to deal
with sort out the diverse work
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in M&S.
Focus Pioneer will be center to
accomplish the goal of the
M&S which are coordinate
with mission and vision.
Trough will center to execute
every single arrangement
accordion to deliberate
way(Hasegawa, 2014).
Decision making
process
Pioneer will constantly
associated with the basic
leadership process.
Director will include to take the
fleeting basic leadership
process in the associations.
Power As the energy of the of
pioneer will to go for broke
and lead the group in their
style.
Trough have less energy to take
any choice without the
endorsement of higher expert.
Personality The leader have the identity is
to inspire and help the group
for better execution in the
associations(Lee and Choi..
2015.).
Administrator have the identity
to assemble sound connection
with workers with cool and
dynamic identity.
Risk leader have high hazard
associated with their work and
some choice of the pioneer
will include to the
representatives.
While manager are the
individual who don't have
hazard because of antagonistic
arranging in each and every
assignment. They will go out on
a limb in term of going out on a
limb in budgetary.
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P.2 Role of leader and function of a manager apply in different situational of M&S.
M&S is the retail affiliation so there are diverse unmistakable limits and the part which
the pioneer and the trough are required to be associated in condition. For helping the gathering in
for achieving the destinations and objectives in the M&S, the pioneer part is to determinedly
manage the situation and effectively pass on the targets which are required to be proficient by the
firm. Other than this, there are condition, in which the dispute develops between the people in
perspective of the refinement in perspective(Muttaqi and Perera, 2014). Around at that point, the
piece of the pioneer is basic in M&S, in light of the way that he is the individual who is skilled in
settling the disputes feasibly. He is required to perceive the reason as why the dispute has been
raised. Further, in the retail affiliation, condition comes when the motivation of specialists is
slightest. Further, the piece of the pioneer is to drive the laborer of the gathering. It has been seen
that the de-push delegates does not give convincing organisations in the affiliation. Further,
another piece of the pioneer is to get the fitting activity style which is sensible for the condition.
This will help the general population to reasonably work in the gathering.
There are a couple of conditions in M&S, where the piece of the boss is to modify the situation
so they can effectively accomplish the objectives. The limit of the director in the M&S is to keep
up the strong condition in the affiliation. In case the earth isn't incredible then it makes
dissatisfaction among the specialists and in view of this reason, there will be delay in the
operations of the organisation(iao and Ding,. 2016). So if any condition rises, by then it is the
limit of the boss to alter nature of the affiliation. Other than this, limit of the head in the
affiliation is to give quality items and dares to the customers. In case any of the protests start
from the customer concerning the idea of the thing, by then it is the commitment of the trough to
supervise them. The boss is in danger to ensure the idea of things to the customers. For this,
circumstance the limit of the director is to screen the activities of the delegates so they can give
quality organisations to them
P.3 Different theories and model of approach used by M&S.
Firm required various approach and theories used by the organisations to bring effective
and efficient. This approach will help to develop culture in the M&S which will help make better
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operation and positive working environment. The various theories and model will enhance the
employee performer as well organisation productivity. This can be discuses as follows:
 Situational leadership: These type of leadership will help to solve out the issues in the
organisation which are important for effective operations of the firm. Leader have ability
to motivate the employee for higher performance to increasing productivity and raise
production to maximize the profits(Liu and Liu, 2016). In the company various situation
will arise at that time of leader will play an important role to motivate employees and
create better working environment. These type of leadership will support the employee
with regular communication to build good relation and set the objective as well take risk
in difficult situation for the betterment of employees. From the delegation to the
employees to take decision in various situation. It is also responsible of leader to develop
employees for better performance. Situation leadership will take suggestion from worker
to make various changes.
 System leadership: it is the theories of leadership which will implement system in the
organisation. Style of leadership in different forms of situation which are important for
them to utilize all the rules and regulation during the particular projects. System
leadership required continuously focus on the work to avoid mistake and make error free
projects. Leader will execute the work as per plan in the firm(MacMillan, 2015). If any
error found during the work this type of leader will start the project from the beginning.
Also they try to make effective operation to achieve the organisational objectives.
 Contingency Theory: This theory suggests the personality and situation of the leader in
which they operates. As the fielder outline two style of leadership in the contingency
theory. Task motivation and relationship motivated. Leader and group members relation
will be describe in the theory which will help to make the effective outcomes for the firm.
P.4 Key approaches to operation management and the role that leader and manager play in M&S.
Definition:Operation management assumes critical part in the development of business.
The directors utilizes diverse ways to deal with enhance their execution and to
accomplish the objective in viable way.
Operation director deals with the different capacities in efficient way. Operation administration
perform different assignment, for example, arranging, coordinating, twisting, overseeing and so
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forth this administration predominantly concentrates on the nature of administration and asset
usage to enhance the business efficiency and development. Operation director concentrate on the
nature of administration to enhance the profitability and to draw in the clients(Ahmadi and
Aramesh. 2015). Aside from this operation chief concentrate on the asset usage. At the point
when representatives can utilize the asset deliberately than the generation cost will diminish.
To accomplish those objective operation administration utilizes distinctive methodologies which
are as per the following:
 six sigma approach: operation supervisor must take after this way to deal with
enhance his execution in successful way. This approach concentrate on the nature
of items. As clients dependably needs to buy the best quality items so to draw in
the clients and to fulfill them six sigma approach is utilized by operation
supervisor. In this style director utilizes proportion diagram, counts and other
information as apparatuses . All these keys causes firms to expands its advantages
and nature of items.
 Add up to quality administration: this approach depends on client's need and
intrigue. Firm will give the items as indicated by client's want. This approach
additionally expels the contender issues. By this approach trough decide the
requirements of clients and make compelling arrangements to dispatch new items.
 Lean hypothesis: this approach is utilized by operation supervisor to evacuate the
waste items(Flake, Western Digital Technologies, 2017). To expand the edge of
business firm need to diminish the generation cost so lean hypothesis is utilized
by the operation administrator to diminish the high creation cost. In this style
chief requested the items from provider as indicated by client's advantage and at
critical moment.
 Part of pioneers: setting clear vision: it is most imperative part of pioneer to
decide the vision obviously, Clear destinations accomplishes the objective
methodically. Pioneer of refereed to organization needs to give the undertaking to
laborers as indicated by their aptitudes, intrigue and capability(Kato, 2015).
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 Aside from this pioneer must rouse the workers, pioneer ought to give
advancement training, compensate framework to his supporters to inspire them.
Then again supervision must give collaboration to the representatives with
the goal that specialists can ready to learn new abilities and thoughts. By
cooperation they can impart learning and experience to every others and
this procedure encourages firm to accomplish the objective.
Parts of administrator: for increment the execution of all staff individuals, trough need
to make unique and powerful plans. He needs to organize the distinctive assignment and
focus for person.
P.5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.
For every organisation operation management will play an important role for the firms
rapid production and maximize the profits. Operation management is the process which merge
and change different resource utilized for the process scheme of the firms to adding the values in
products and services as per the polices of the company. Function of the operation are element of
the firm to make the better quality in production.
Importance of operation management play an vital role in the M&S. Retail industry have already
hue compensation and the different firm will adopt the effective system in the organisation. But
the Mark and Spencer will try to reduce the mistake with the proper use of operation
management to satisfied the customer needs. It help in organizing the firm structure with the
planing, controlling of all the business activities due to operation. There are various importance
of the operation management such as follows:
 To enhance the productivity: this is the most significance of operation management
which will improve the firms productivity(MacMillan, 2015.). The time taken for the
production process due to more physical work by the employee will be decrease and use
of machinery will be raise the productivity. Also the resource of the firms will be save if
the organisation focus to improve the productivity, it will help in effective goods and
service delivered on time with rapid operation management. Therefore, the operation
management will help to enhance the productivity of the employee as well organisations.
 Maximize the customer satisfaction: It is an another importance of operation
management will help to maximize customer satisfactions in terms quality products
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delivered(Eyal Haim and Clarizen, 2014). After sales service will be most important to
retain the customer which can be done by the rapid operation management of the firm.
Operations organisation has been the key in managing and keeping up the activities at
more broad level and at the shorter level.
Operations of Mark and Spencer should be coordinated and grasped in such a route by
the pioneers and overseers that they will acquire achieving the pined for focuses and targets In
case operations of the association are grasped in a capable and a capable way then on account of
compelling use of advantages it will help in making and making a constructive outcome on the
working of the affiliation. M&S being in the retail zone need to keep their operations prevalent
related to spread channels and they need to keep settling on decisions deliberately, purposely and
operationally so they can achieve powerful allotment strategies and in like manner those methods
will help in achieving the desired results. Along these lines, Leaders and executives are basic in
keeping up the operations of business in remaining up with the most recent certain activities
which have genuine impact on the advantage of the association(Hirayam and Morishima, 2014).
Operations of the M and S consolidates manufacturing works out, bargains, exhibiting, support,
fundamental initiative limits, human resource. Henceforth, every one of these activities must be
performed in a capable and capable way so ensuring the work did should accord to the models
made. Hence, it is operation management help in achieving the business objectives.
P.6 Factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision making by leader and manager.
There are the various factors which will affect business environment of the M&S that
impact upon operation and management which are important to consider in the decision making
of leader and manager. As the following factor which are affecting the business environment
such as :
 Political: It is the important factor which will influence the decision making of leader
and manager in the firm. Due to the European integration and free trade agreement give
opportunity to the market for local and international organisations to invest in UK. AS
the M&S have to fight to cover market share with effective planing. The most cause for
the organisation due to the political pressures in labor laws and industrial relationship
which bring the adverse impact on the firm as well leader and manager decision making.
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 Economic: This can be the major factor which can affect the leader and manager
decisions(Wu,. 2016). UK relation industry is facing huge recession at this situation in
which M&S is not able to performer better which will cause the profits and level of
production will be affected if the economic condition are not better for organisation. As
he financial crisis will be the major problems for the organisation which cause their lack
of fund in the organisations. Due to the recession customer are not able to purchase the
higher price item which will affect on their income. So it is important for the organisation
to take the better decision by leader and manager.
 Social: These can be the major factor which will affect the business environment as the
customer are the most important for any business success. But the changes in taste and
preference of customer are also threat for the organization. But in the UK customer are
loyalty towards the M&S due to the quality products. As the competitor can take
advantages of the current situation of the organization. It is important for the organization
to bring the effective solution to satisfied customer in terms of fulfilling their demand.
 Technological: This can be another factor which affect the leader and manager decision
making. The current trend in the retail industry is online shopping by the customer which
leads to decrease the physical presence(Ichinose, Oshima and Hitachi, 2015). Utilize of
less paper to the firm will gives the effective operation and easily access the data at
anytime. Adopting the better technologists for the rapid production in the organization
which will help to lead in the better operation and management.
 Environment: it is the most important aspect that will affect business environment in
term of utilization of renewable and Eco-friendly environment resources for the
production process which are not able to cover the market share due to less resource
availability for the future production. M&S is struggling for the fabric and raw material
for maintaining the same quality of production.
 Legal: This can be the another factor that will influence the decision making of the leader
and manager due to the various law of the UK. National legislation for health and safety
adjunct the customer right and production process in which M&S are using raw material.
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CONCLUSION
From the report management and operation it can be easily inferred that leader and
manger are play an important role in the organization which will help in achieving the business
objectives. Operation and management will help in improving the the firms productivity and
satisfied the customer with quality goods and services deliver. From the systematic leadership
mark and Spencer will help to improve the various roles and responsibility in better manner and
operation will be done error free with the consideration of rules and regulation. The best key
approach will be used by the M&S is six sigma where the all the operation will be done in
quality way which will help in setting the better image in the industry.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Ichinose R. and Oshima, A. Hitachi Ltd, 2015. Use-Assisting Tool for Autonomous Mobile
Device, Operation Management Center, Operation System, and Autonomous Mobile Device.
U.S. Patent Application 14/419,681.
Wu, K. Y. 2016. Crisis Management and Operation Challenge of Realty Industry-The Case of
H&B Estate Far Eastern Plaza.
Tong B. and Zhang, H. 2016, January. Risk Assessment for Bridges Safety Management during
Operation Based on Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 61). EDP
Sciences.
Jiao Y. and Ding, K. 2016. Integrative management of operation, perioperative rehabilitation and
postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with colorectal carcinoma. Zhonghua
wei chang wai ke za zhi= Chinese journal of gastrointestinal surgery, 19(5), pp.507-510.
Shimoda E. and Morino, K. 2015. Operation management apparatus, operation management
method, and operation management program. U.S. Patent 9,031,703.
Hasegawa H. 2014. Operation management apparatus, operation management method, and
program storage medium. U.S. Patent 8,645,769.
Chen, P. 2016. Design and development management of operation-based systems-of-systems.
In 2016 Systems engineering test and evaluation conference: SETE 2016 (p. 115). Engineers
Australia.
Kato, K. 2015. Operation management apparatus, operation management method and program.
U.S. Patent Application 14/384,197.
Hatziargyriou, N. 2014. Microgrids: architectures and control. Wiley/IEEE Press.
Gao Y. and Qi, Y. M. 2016. The Prevention and Control of Infection in Operation Room.
In Medicine and Biopharmaceutical: Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference (pp.
580-584).
Ahmadi J. and Aramesh, P. 2015. The Impact of Human Resources Management on Operation
Management and Increasing the Productivity (Case Study: Shahid Hasheminejad Gas
Refinery). European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 4(1 (s)), p.437.
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Jia, X. 2016. A Management and Operation Method of Internet of Things using the Material
Supply Model. International Journal of Simulation--Systems, Science & Technology, 17(15).
MacMillan, J. G. 2015. The port of Bristol in the second half of the eighteenth century: An
examination of the organisational structure of the port pertaining to the management and
operation of its shipping with special reference to ships trading with the West Indies and
America.
Eyal, and Haim, R. Clarizen 2014. System and method for project management system
operation using electronic messaging. U.S. Patent 8,856,246.
Lee, S. W. and Choi, J. T. 2015. A Study on Integrated Operation of Monitoring Systems using
a Water Management Scenario. International Journal of Software Engineering and Its
Applications, 9(9), pp.55-64.
Liu, Z. and Liu, S., 2016, July. Operation support of Beijing metro automatic fare collection
system clearance house system. In Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 2016
International Conference on (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Flake, L., Western Digital Technologies, Inc., 2017. Electronic system with servo management
mechanism and method of operation thereof. U.S. Patent 9,581,978.
Muttaqi, K.M. and Perera, S., 2014. Management of battery-supercapacitor hybrid energy
storage and synchronous condenser for isolated operation of PMSG based variable-speed wind
turbine generating systems. IEEE Transactions on smart grid, 5(2), pp.944-953.
Hirayama, T. and Morishima, S., 2014. Operation and management manual of JT-60
experimental data analysis system (No. JAEA-TESTING--2013-005). Japan Atomic Energy
Agency.
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