Analysis of Environmental Uncertainty and Operations Strategies

The provided document is an extensive collection of research papers, articles, and essays on various aspects of operations management. It covers a wide range of topics, including the analysis of environmental uncertainty, competitive strategies, and operation strategies to achieve competitive advantage in East Java manufacturing SMEs. Additionally, it explores the outcome of one-stage transanal endorectal pullthrough for the management of Hirschsprung's disease, multi-objective optimization models for energy management, workforce agility, simplified femto-satellite operations for disaster management missions, and more.

Management and
Operations

INTRODUCTION
Operation management refers to the process of managing various managerial activities
which includes planning, controlling, analysing and supervising. Main aim is to manufacture and
distribute high quality of products and services to their customers within given time period. With
this company ensure to maximise their efficiency in an organisation, which increases their
profitability. In this process, leaders and managers plays very essential role in the development
of an organisation. In addition to this, their main motive is to provide good quality products to
satisfy their needs (Beske and Seuring, 2014). This report is based on google which is an
American multinational technology company. Along with this, this report includes roles,
characteristics and responsibilities of leader and manager of Google. On the other hand, various
approaches of operational management, models, importance and theories have been discussed.
At the end of this report, this report includes different factors of business environment, its impact
on decision making and operation management by leaders and managers.
TASK 1
P1. Roles and characteristics of leaders and managers along with the comparison
Both managers and leaders of the company plays very essential role in the
accomplishment of organisational goals and objectives. Leaders and managers help the company
in enhancing the performance and profitability of the company. Leaders are the individual who
motivate the employees for achieving organisational goals. In reference to Google, leaders of the
company encourage their employees in order to perform their task in an effective manner and
also motivate others to do the same (Boyd and Dougherty, 2016). Also, they ensure that
organisational goals and objectives should achieve within given time period along with good
quality products.
Role of leaders in Google
Leaders of the company, prepare structure for employees of the company, in order to
perform their task in an effective and proper manner. With the help of which staff members of
Google, perform their assign task properly and effectively. In addition to this, they make sure
that all the assigned task should done on given time which increases the effectiveness and
efficiency of the staff members. In reference to Google, leaders of the company aid the
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management team in decision making process in order to successfully accomplish organisational
goals and objectives.
Characteristics of leaders in Google
Leaders of Google, are honest and loyal towards their works. As a result they can easily
influence other staff members to do the same. Leader is an individual who takes initiative while
performing task in an effective way. Leaders of the company adopt laissez-faire leadership style,
which aid them to increase the morale of staff also build positive image at the market place. As a
result, leader of the company motivate employees to perform their task in an effective manner.
Role of Managers in Google
One of the major role of managers in Google is to analyse and check the performance of
staff. On the basis of their performance, managers give feedback accordingly. In addition to this ,
another role of manager is they allow their employees to express and share their view, in order to
take decisions in an effective manner. Manager of the company, manages or control all the
operational activities within organisation (Cook and Billig, 2017). Manager of the Google have
the authority to assign task according to the skills of employees. In the present context of
Google, managers of the company instruct their staff members to perform their task effectively.
Characteristics of Managers in Google
Managers of Google is responsible to assign duties and task to their staff members. These
duties are assigned on the basis of their ability, skills and knowledge. As a result, company can
manufacture products and services in an effective manner, which increases the overall
performance and effectiveness of employees. Managers of the company, are flexible in nature
which help them to adopt the changing environment easily.
Comparison between Managers and Leaders
Basis of Comparison Managers Leaders
Risk With the help of effective
manager, risk of the company
can be controlled and reduced.
On the other hand, leaders of
google, takes risk in order to
perform their task within given
time period (Ellitan, 2017).
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Authority and power Manager of the company, has
the authority as well as power
to assign duties according to
the skills and knowledge of the
candidate.
Leaders of the company, has
the power to encourage or
motivate employees in order
has power their task
effectively within given time
period.
Orientation Managers of the company are
task oriented, and their main
aim is to perform task
effectively and efficiently.
Leaders of Google are people
oriented, and they influence
others to do the same.
As per the above mention, it has been analysed that, both the manager and leader aid the
company in enhancing their profitability and performance. Both of them plays very important
role in the development of the organisation. In addition to this, their main aim is to influence
employees, for the successful accomplishment of goals and objectives. Managers of the company
make strategies according to the requirements of company and implement them in order to
achieve organisational goals (Eraki, 2015).
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TASK 2
P2. How roles of leaders and managers are applicable in various situational context.
Leaders and managers of a company plays a crucial role within a business organisation,
which means they could be considered as back bone of a firm that takes right decisions in correct
time. It has been analysed that, uncertainties always stays present within a business market,
where it is the responsibility of both leaders and managers to keep on focusing upon business all
the uncertainties that a much needed for a business organisation to keep on taking decisions as
per the requirements. Various kind of services are provided by Google to attract new customers
and also to retain its old customer for a long time. For this achievement leaders and managers of
google play a crucial role. To keep a check on performance of employee is the duty and
responsibility of management. To explain the role of manager and leader in google, example of
these two critical situation is sufficient
Conflict resolution; It is must for managers and leaders to dissolve employees conflict in
the workspace. Managers of google used to develop capability in its employees to solve a
conflict on his own. This is done through providing proper training for introducing skills and
strategy for solving an issue (Fredendall and Hill, 2016). For better result leader of google try to
understand cause behind conflict, take views and responses of all involved employees and try to
reframe their dispute as an chance of getting mutual benefits rather than a win -lose, that always
result in destruction and damage the relations for future also.
Employee engagement; It refers to level of stratification and involvement an employee
is getting from its job. A close relationship of employee with its leaders and mangers definitely
increase level of engagement with company helps in increase productivity and efficiency of an
employee. For improving employees relation with mangers, google provide interaction between
its management team and training program so that employees are well aware about their
managers and same time it improves training process also. Managers of google provide many
opportunities for development of an employee by setting up many performance gaols and also
provide a good amount of incentives and other benefits on achievement of these goals. In google
organisation leaders set tone and culture which decide the work environment. A healthy work
environment is always good for all, helps in easy understanding of work which increase
performance level of an employee. Leaders of google are action oriented and focus more on
result. They provide inspiration, motivation and direction to its employees for timely and proper
accomplishment of work . Transformational leadership is followed by the google where they

encourage employees to give new ideas and provide a chance to create positive change that
proves success of organisation (Fan, Liu and Zhang, 2015).
P3. Applying different models and theories of approach.
Leadership is the process of describing the ability of an individual which influence the
behaviour of other persons who are working in the firm. The leaders of an organisations leads a
team in an effective way and helps the firm to define the clear vision to the team so that they can
help to attain the goal and objectives. The leaders also assist the organisation in improving the
coordination between the workers and solve their conflicts and disputes (Glukhov and
Balashova, 2015). The effective leadership will help an business enterprise to have the strong
and positive relationship with the team along with strong communication skills by which they
can encourage more team members. There are following styles of leadership which are followed
by Google to achieve the aims and objectives, these are mentioned below -
Situational leadership – This theory is also known as life cycle theory of outcome. In this
theory the leaders of google can change their style according to the situation. As this is stated
that each leaders should be adjustable in every situation as every leadership style is not suitable
for every situation so the leaders can adopt the style according to the situation. This style of
leadership is adopted by the leaders of google as this help them ton enhance the productivity and
profitability of the firm along with the performance of the employees. This style of leadership
will also help the employees to adapt the changing culture and the leaders will motivate the in
adopting the culture according to the situation. The leaders of google uses this style to maximise
more profit and to enhance their business growth. For example – This is to be found that the
leaders of google are having the issue of employee turnover so they have to change their style of
leadership as per the situations.
System Leadership Theory – This theory will work with the entire team, as this team will
aid to maintain the efficiency of the business enterprise. This type of leadership style will mainly
consists of four elements such as the whole strategy, process, actionable method, foundation of
system models. This style of leadership will help the leaders in enhancing the productivity and
skills of the employees. This style also define the behaviour of the workers. The system theory of
leadership helps the leaders to build the strong and friendly relations with the employees, this
also provide the systematic design and strategies. At last, this style of leadership will help google
to increase the effectiveness of the staff members (Han and et. al., 2017).
Contingency Leadership Theory – This theory was incorporated in 1964 by Fred Edward
Fiedler. This is a type of theory which mainly concentrates on the behaviour of the leasers in

which they adopt the changing environment. Contingency theory focuses not only on
the leader but also on the situation in which the leader is interacting with the employees.
Contingency leadership approach is used when skills of leaders have to be assessed which help
in inspiring and motivating, encouraging the employees of google. This approach runs on a two-
fold process where skills of leader as well as situation both are analysed. This theory of
leadership style will help google to adapt the changing environment easily which will help in
attracting large number of customers and enhance their sale.
Therefore, by examine all the leadership style, this is stated the google will going to
adopt the system theory of leadership as this will help the leaders to identify the conditions and
take the decisions as per the situation occurs (Idris, 2016).
TASK 3
P4. Key approaches to operations management and role played by managers and leaders
Operation management is one of the most important function of an organisation, which
help them in organising, planning and supervising the process of manufacturing and production.
This help organisation in managing their production system, so that they can produce effective
outputs from given inputs (Ma and Sun, 2012). This all help an organisation in increasing their
probabilities. In Google, there are ample number of operational functions like human resources,
process & capacity design and inventory management, some of these are discussed below :-
Human Resource and Job design: Human resource is very much for an organisation, as
they are the elements which use to work for them and also help them in serving their customers.
The main function of human resource is job design. While it come to Google, it is very much
clear that employee with high skills and competences are only able to retain themselves in
organisation (Muller, CommVault Systems Inc, 2014). As Google uses highly competitive
compensation packages and non-monetary incentives which includes amazing perks, free meals,
maternity benefits, free medical facilities etc. Along with this, they use to support those
employees who are smart rather than experienced.
Inventory Management: This is the process of managing stock and inventory of an
organisation. This help Google, in maintaining right inventory of right quality at right place on
right time. This all help them in making their operations cost effective. For managing software
and web based products they can use automation in their operations (Meyer, Neck and Meeks,
2017).
Quality Management: It is an operation where organisation use to make it sure that the
quality of product and service they are offering to customers is according to their aspects or not.

Google, uses principles of Total Quality Management for performing quality management in
their organisation.
Various approaches are used by google in operation management:
Six Sigma: This is an approach which manager and leader of Google can implement in
their functioning. As in this they have to perform their operations with less mistakes. Also, this
help them in producing products and services which are very much effective and also help in
increasing satisfaction level of customers.
Just in time approach: In this approach, raw material which is ordered by Google for
their production will directly get ordered by production house in quantity which is required to
them. Also it directly get delivered to production house. This all help them in reducing their cost
of inventory and also help in goodwill of organisation (Nayak, 2015).
Total Quality Management (TQM): This is an approach which is used by manager and
leader of Goggle, so that they can make sure that quality of product offered by them is good and
also able to retain their customers for long time period.
Role played by leaders:
Leader of Google can adopt Laissez-faire leadership style, so that they can motivate and
encourage their employees towards their work. Along with this, it help their employees to give
some innovative ideas to them, so that operation of organisation get improved.
Role played by Managers:
Manager in this conditions have to manage and control the performance of their
employees, so that they can provide proper training and development session to them so that
their skills and performance can get improved.
P5. Importance of operations management in achieving business objectives
Operations management is one of the important part of an organisation, as it control and
manage all the activities of the company (Ozguven and Ozbay, 2015). It plays very important
role in the business organization as operational management control all the business activities
such as operations, designing and maintenance of system which is used while manufacturing
products and services. In addition to this, it is a management function where it manages people,
information, equipment and technology and other resources which are required at the time of
manufacturing goods and services. In the present context of Google, main motive of the
company is to maintain their quality and provide services at time, as for this operational
management is very essential for the company. In addition to this, with the help of operational

management company can create positive brand-image at the competitive marketplace. Some of
the importance of operational management is discussed below:
 High Goodwill: In context to Google, Operation management aid the company in
maintaining positive brand image of the company. As a result company increase their
customer share and gain competitive advantage at the market place. Managers of the
company, increases the performance as well as effectiveness of employees (Plesser and
et. al., 2014). Therefore, company can provide high quality service to their customers,
which will increase goodwill of the company. And on the other hand leaders of the
present company, prefer effective and efficient leadership style. In the present report
leaders adopt laissez-faire leadership style, which will aid the company by increasing the
morale of staff members which as a result build strong public image of the company in
the competitive market.
 Satisfying Customer: Main motive of any organisation is to satisfy the requirements,
wants and demands of customers, with the help of which they can retain their customers
for a long period of time. In the present report, managers of Google adopt latest
technologies after proper market analysis, in order to manufacture high quality services.
As a result, needs of customers will be satisfied and company gain competitive advantage
at the marketplace. On the other hand, leaders of Google influence and encourage their
staff members in order to accept changing environment, with this satisfaction level of
customers will be increased.
 Quality management: In today's competitive world, quality of a products plays very
essential role for the success of any business organisation. Nowadays, people are very
conscious about the quality of product and services offered by companies. In the present
context of Google, quality of the services is maintained by managers of company by
adopting latest technologies and software. Along with this, they manages the overall
activities regarding product quality and improve them by analysing and controlling. In
addition to this, it is the duty of leader of Google to provide relevant informations and
give instruction to the employees while manufacturing services. As a result, it will help
Google to become one of the leading multinational technology company across the
world. So both the mangers and leaders plays very important role while achieving
organisational goals and objectives of the company in an effective and efficient manner.
 Revenue Increase - With the help of high product quality and increased consumer
satisfaction, company earn more revenue at build positive and competitive reputation at

the marketplace. In addition to this, good brand image at the competitive marketplace
will help Google in order to attract more customers. As a result, this will increase the
overall market share as well as total revenue of the company. With this Google capture
large market share across the world as well as customer satisfaction level is increased.
 Enhancing overall productivity: High productivity is the essential factor in the success
of any organisation, where leader and manager of the company plays very important role.
In the present context of Google, services are rendered to consumers which satisfy the
requirements of customers. Managers of Google provide guidance to their team members
in order to adopt new technologies for increasing the overall productivity. On the other
hand, leaders of the company create positive environment, with the help of which they
give their best and enhance the overall productivity.
TASK4
P6. Factors of business environment affect operational management and decision-making by
leaders and manager
Business environment is further classified as internal and external factors which are
described below:-
Internal Factors
 Value system- The value system of organisation comprises of ethical beliefs that assist in
accomplishment of its mission and objectives. It also determines its behaviour towards its
employees, customers and society at large. In context of Google, the value system
includes honesty, transparency, fairness, harmonious relations and courtesy towards its
employees, customers and society at large. Decision making of leaders and managers
should be based on ethical considerations and objectives of company (Wang, Jie and
Abareshi, 2015).
 Organisation structure- It refers to system which is used to define hierarchy of jobs and
duties in organisation. Google's organisation structure is cross- functional which is
technically a matrix structure with a high degree of flatness. High degree of flatness
means that employees , teams of Google can communicate directly with higher level
management. The head of departments make sure that there are suitable rules and
regulations to ensure the benefits of business and employees (Muller, 2014). Decisions
taken by managers and leaders are affected with the change in structure of organisation
so, decisions making should be done after proper knowledge about changes made.

 Human resource-Human resources are important asset for an organisation which helps
in growth and profit maximisation for the organisation. Human resource can either be
strength or weakness for the organisation which depends on their skills, expertise,
knowledge and commitment to do work. In Google, managers take active participation in
recruiting good and efficient talent in the organisation. In Google selection is done on the
basis of talent not on experience (Tristancho and Gutiérrez, 2012). Employees of Google
are highly motivated because managers provide effective compensation packages and
non-monetary incentives which helps in increased profitability and efficiency.
External Factors
 Legal factors: Legal factors plays very important role in identifying the success of
businesses around the globe. Any changes in laws will have direct impact on business
because they are beyond the control of manager or leader (Wilke, Majumdar and
Ochieng, 2014). Every country have their own law, policies, rules which prevents the
development of company in specific country. Within Google, the leaders and managers
take decisions in such a way that it benefits the company. Leaders take decisions
according to the laws prevailing in the country. The decision-making is done after
analysing all legal factors and only those factors are considered which helps in
diversification of business.
 Technological factors : These are technological advancements that affect the business
operations of company. Some technological innovations helps in increasing productivity
and increase profit margin while some become threat for the business. Strategic leaders
are constantly looking for development and updates within the technological environment
(Qin and Nembhard, 2015). For example, Google is making huge investments in adaption
of latest technology for product designing. As, this will help in reducing production cost
with increased effectiveness in products. Managers and leaders of Google take effective
and efficient decisions according to technological advancements that are affecting its
business operations (Glukhov and Balashova, 2015).
CONCLUSION
From the above mention report, it has been concluded that managers and leaders plays
very essential and crucial role in the growth and development of the company. In the success and
survival of an organisation operation management plays very important role. It has also been
identified that leaders as well as managers change their roles according to the requirement of the

situation. Also, leaders of the company use transformational theory and on the other hand
managers use classical theory of management in Google.

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