Role of Leader and Manager in Different Situations

This document discusses the roles and functions of leaders and managers in different situations. It explores the differences between leaders and managers and analyzes various leadership theories. It also examines how leaders and managers adapt to new technologies in an organization.

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Provide definition of a manager and a leader, analysing their differences in roles and
functions with reference to different situations......................................................................1
M1. Analyse the differentiate between role of leader and manger function that effectively
applying a range of theories and concept...............................................................................2
D1. Critically evaluate the different theories and approaches to the leadership....................3
Part 2................................................................................................................................................4
P2. Examine the role of leader and function of manager apply in different context of situation.
................................................................................................................................................4
P3. By applying different leadership theories in context of organisation..............................6
M2. Examine the Strength and Weakness of Leadership theories.........................................7
Part 3................................................................................................................................................8
P4.Elaborates the key approaches to the operation management and the role of manger and
leaders.....................................................................................................................................8
P5. Illustrate the importance and value of operation management in achieving business
objectives..............................................................................................................................10
M3. To evaluate the how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational
management to successfully meet the objectives.................................................................11
Part-4..............................................................................................................................................11
P6 Analyse the factors for business environment that impact as well as upon operational
management and decision making........................................................................................11
M4. Different factor that affect the business environment...................................................12
D2. Critically evaluate the application of operation management and factors that would
impact on business environment.........................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Management is undertaken as the concept which is helpful for the company regarding the
operational activities undertaking it for the profit or not-for-profit. It is also needed at various
levels as per the requirements which is useful in terms of enhancing the production process
regarding the improvement of company (Aghajani and Ghadimi., 2018). In terms of this, these
activities tends to consider distribution of commodities, logistics, production and so on.
Operations management is helpful for company in order to manage the cost of commodities
which is useful in terms of accomplishing the profitability for company. This report is divided
into two sections and both of them are in terms of Insider Trends is a small medium enterprise
that deals with end to end retail future consultancy, through more than 12 years to serve the
business ideas to overall United kingdom (Battaïa and et. al., 2018). This report tends to cover
the difference between the characteristics and roles of leaders and managers and also depict the
functions of managers and roles of leaders considering various situations. Furthermore, it apply
various theories and approaches for the leadership and also understand the roles of leaders and
managers which they play in the operations functions of company. Lastly, it depicts the
relationship among leadership and management in the contemporary business environment.
PART 1
P1. Provide definition of a manager and a leader, analysing their differences in roles and
functions with reference to different situations
Management: It is undertaken as an art which is useful in getting people in collective
manner in order to achieve desired goals and objectives. It is helpful in bid to coordinate and
integrate the prominent available resources in an effective way. Moreover, this concept represent
all the significant actions that are undertaken as the achievement of objectives and goals
(Davarpanah, Razmjoo and Mirshekari., 2018). For this, activities of management which include
motivation, controlling, planning, decision making and so on in terms of reaching towards the
desired goals and objectives.
Leadership: It is undertaken as the concept that tends to include practical areas and
research in terms of encompassing the capability of single individual in an organisation in terms
of leading other people to work in company. This procedure tends to describe the overall

procedure and impact the individuals by supporting others to achieving common task and
objectives. It represent the significant capabilities which is useful in achieving common goals
and objectives in terms of taking quick decisions. It also performed by the leaders to encourage
and motivate employees and workers in order to increase performance and productivity of
employees and company.
Comparison between leaders and managers
Basic Leaders Managers
Role Leaders are effectively to
motivate employees towards
the goals. They also tends to
encourage employees in order
to attain their significant goals
and objectives.
Leaders are undertaken as the
team developer who is
responsible for developing
terms with management and
employees as they prominently
deal with various matter of
employees.
Manager monitor that the goals
and objectives are fulfilled in
systematic manner or not.
Moreover, managers are
considered as the resource
allocator and represent the
whole company as future
conditions tends to impact the
operational conditions of
company. They also tends to
observe the significant actions
of employees and identify the
prominent benefits in terms of
an organisation (Gao and
Pishdad-Bozorgi., 2019).
Characteristics Leaders are more focused and
recognise the enhancement of
people and managers who are
more subjective for the success
(Gokhale and Vibhor.,
CommVault Systems Inc,
2017).
Leaders are the one who tends
Managers are those individuals
who has the power to take
decisions and it is given by the
board of directors undertaking
their role and nature. It focus
on the significant activities and
tactics as they are more
controlling and directive and

to execute change as due to
this, they are undertaken as the
change agent. The leaders of
Insider Trends, encourage their
subordinate regarding the
acceptance of change and also
aware about the advantages of
change.
also higher performing in
nature.
Managers of Insider Trends,
develop prominent policies
and effective strategies in
terms of introducing change as
it is helpful in enhancing the
company for the betterment
and improve the productivity
of company.
Risk Leaders are those individuals
who are ready to take risk as
they have proper ability and
competence undertaking the
experience within the business
environment. For this, leaders
of Insider Trends take risk and
also have suitable vision in
order to enhance and develop
the working conditions of
company.
Managers are those who tends
to develop significant
strategies and tactics for the
management of company. In
regard of this, the managers of
Insider Trends, are less risk
takers and also simulate
regarding the behaviour of
leaders.
M1. Analyse the differentiate between role of leader and manger function that effectively
applying a range of theories and concept.
Leadership theory:
This theory constraint about set of thought which brought to reflect traits which helps to
individual for becoming the leader. There is one of the leadership theory that explains in context
of Insider Trends Organisation like as
Trait theory: According to this theory is used to predict the effective leadership quality into
individual leader through its traits and attributes. In Insider Trends, it usually determines the

characteristics that compares to those potential leaders who are determines the leading
effectively.
Management theory:
In this theory it comprises about the specific supervisor who implies their strategy to
accomplish the goals as along with how they motivate to employees to perform at higher
performance of ability. As in consideration of Insider Trends, they follows the Scientific
Management Theory, as it helps to study the performance scientifically of individuals
(Hasegawa, NEC Corp, 2017). It also utilise to perform the task or measure the individual how
they approach the task where leaders are dependent on their judgement where they assess to
every employees as per their capabilities and performances criteria. Some how, it helps to
increase the productivity of team and individual through providing the instruction deliver by
leader and managers.
D1. Critically evaluate the different theories and approaches to the leadership.
There is advantages and disadvantages of different theories of leadership and
management:
Trait theory:
Advantages: It is having positive attributes that allows to measure the people trait in
terms of personality and work quality along with it also to assess the behaviour.
Disadvantages: By taking more time to self assessment which is very essentials where it
needs to submit more personal observation and report. This can e lead to the individual towards
self biasses as it could create an barriers to not generate opinion emotion involved.
Management theory:
Advantages: It provides effective training that helps to improve mental health or for
higher achieving degree in overall activities.
Disadvantages: through implement of proper scientific management which enhance to
speed up the work completion as it provide negative impact with their health for consideration
and well being of working condition that create only harmful mental condition (Hidaka and et.
al., 2020).

Part 2.
P2. Examine the role of leader and function of manager apply in different context of situation.
Role of a leader: Leaders are prominently responsible for encouraging people and also
bring significant changes in the company. They also tends to motivate people regarding the
accomplishment of objectives and the success factor of the betterment of both individual and
company (Huang and et. al., 2019). In terms of this, the role of a leader is to develop clear vision
in the mindset of employees and also understand them by developing their morale and offering
instructions to employees regarding the development of company. Hence, the leaders are the
representative of employees and understand their perspective.
Function of a manager: Managers in an organisation plays several roles and
responsibilities and also take critical decisions in order to achieve success for company.
Managers are the only one who is more answerable to the management on the behalf of success.
Functions of managers consider various steps including planning, staffing, organising, directing
and so on.
Few situations are mentioned as under:
Situation 1: Crises or Conflict management
In this situation where the management team of particular organisation performs and
execute the task on the basis of strategic formulation through coordinate with peers member
(Katano and Tamura, 2017). As per the Insider Trends company perspective, they can face such
scenario of crises or any other conflict activity such as employee grievances, lacking in
employees performances productivity etc. So, the leader plays a different roles as well as
manager also enhance its function explained below:
Role of Leader:
 In Conflict situation leaders of Insider Trends can implies their leadership style and
strategically applies on that particular scenario and in other hand manager could monitor
the outcomes and instruct to develop the efficiency.
 A effective leader would measure the major key factors through which situation is
getting more impactful in negative way, and after that they contribute their inputs to
making the barriers reduces and stabilize the situation (Loucks and Van Beek, 2017).

 To scrutinize in better way of accountability it improves the decision making and solving
the issues to make it improvised in positive way.
Function of Management:
 As per the Crises management situation, the managers of Insider Trends company they
can collects the necessity and optimum informations by that it helps to develop a unique
strategic framework through which proper planning and action plan execute on basis of
it. To making aware about this plan to all employees and other peers ones by mangers
they instruct to implies their manpower work contribution that support to accomplish
their task objectives.
 To provides clarity of situation as in brief where employees or subordinates could
understand in easier way as well as manager can motivate them which increase their
efficiency (Mahmud, Zahedi and Mahmud, 2017).
 Better communication skills support to manager of Insider Trends for passing the
important information to others in premises.
Situation 2: Adapting New Technology:
In this above situation, it describe when a organisation introduce any form of advanced
technology through proper research and development having a motive to increase the
productivity level. For Insider Trends, if they approach new technologies in their working
premises what factor that particular technology would arises positive impact. So, the leader and
manager of Insider Trends will utilise their skills and knowledge to convince the employees
about the benefits of the resources as it elaborated below:
Role of Leader:
 At the time of introducing new technology as in terms of resources, the Insider Trends
company leaders need to make understand about the proper utilisation, benefits about the
resources as it improves the productivity and less consuming the time duration (Majidi
and et. al., 2017).
 To improvise the skills and knowledge of the employees and also provides new learning
attributes which helps to the employees for their better understanding and gaining of
innovative experiences that enhance their efficiency in smooth way.

Function of Manger:
 In Insider Trends, the managers would implements new policies and guidelines for new
technology or innovation establishment, where employees and other subordinate
commence their work on the basis of compliances that driven by manager.
 By organising training programs, discussion with employees about the uses of new
resources which support to the Insider Trends employees for utilising of the technology
to making their efficiency stronger and effective.
P3. By applying different leadership theories in context of organisation.
A leadership is the practises of motivating, inspiring and influencing to an individual or group of
people accomplish towards common objectives. In terms of business the link of leadership role
is to assess the performances and enhance different learning skills to employees as they can
develop their skills. Leadership has involves different theories as it explains with the context of
Insider Trends.
Leadership Theories:
 Situational Leadership: In this leadership style it states about the dependency is based
on a different situation base that arises on the random basis. As leaders make to
influence to the other employees by providing them a proper guidance. It is most
flexible and easiest to approach the leadership style for implement a task as in
systematic format (Manzini and et. al., 2018). In the perspective of Insider Trends, their
leader assort this style to handle the diverse situation as per accordingly. Situational
leadership having some component that support to Insider Trends leaders are as below:
Telling: In this factor a leader commence their work through enhance optimum decision making
with the effective communication skills.
Selling: According to this style, the leader usually distribute their creative ideas and innovation
to teams as they can assort and accomplish their task in easier way.
Participating: It is the form of leadership style, the works of leader inspire and motivate to other
where it increase the confidence and mobility of employees.
 System Leadership: According to this leadership theory, it defines that leaders utilise
their skills and knowledge to effort for becoming prominent leader by endorsing to

increase the performance of team (Mazidi and et. al., 2017). As in this leadership, every
employee is open to share their thoughts and ideas as in productive manner. In the
perspective of Insider Trends, leaders could manage the work pressure as well as it
forms more values of work related to handle all working attributes such as
administrative, operation and marketing.
 Contingency Leadership: In this leadership theory, it consists about more unique
concept of approach which states that the success of leaders not dependable on their
abilities. It also depicts that different personalities having different types of capabilities
that reflects their working style as they approach as per their own process. For Insider
Trends company leader's this leadership style provides flexibility as they can manage
their work structure and style on the basis of condition or situation for develop the
relation with employees and leaders (Mel and et. al., 2020).
From above discussion of different leadership theories, the most prominent theory is
follows and applicable by Insider Trends company leader is System leadership theory, through
this the leader could raise the performances of team through their skills and capabilities and also
employees or team members can share their suggestions that might sounds as productive.
M2. Examine the Strength and Weakness of Leadership theories.
Leadership Styles Strengths Weakness
Situational leadership This leadership style
eliminates all the barriers or
complexity through which
employees or team can
approach their objective in
effective manner.
In Context of organisation it is
the most supportive leadership
style, for Insider Trends
leaders it helps them to
commence their business in
It will not assure about the
positive outcomes to the long
term perspective.
As it is not so easier way to
collect the information, as
decision making is also get
affected.

effective manner.
System leadership Individual employees get
influence by measuring their
performances (Nimmagadda
and et. al., 2019).
It enhance to provide the wide
range of direction from
leadership.
It can take more time
consuming for decision
making.
As per the situations are
generates but it creates
complexity, as they all are
interdependent on each other
where it raises the conflicts.
Contingency leadership This leadership style is a
dynamic in nature where it
fluctuates as per the situation.
It enhance support to the
manager for their leadership
and more decision making
skills.
It is very simple approach, but
at the time of use this
leadership in practical it
becomes more practical.
From the situation arises this
leadership hard to handle for
the manager as it make the
situation more complicate.
Part 3.
P4.Elaborates the key approaches to the operation management and the role of manger and
leaders.
The background of operation management is part of management concept with designing
and controlling in the process of manufacturing and re-structure of business operation which are
related with the goods and services. It also enhance to create the highest level of efficiency that
suits to the organisation. Operation management involves the utilising of the resources from
manpower, raw materials, equipment and technology (Pavlineri, Skoulikidis and Tsihrintzis,
2017). In manger perspective, it helps to acquire, develop and deliver to good for the client based
on needs of the ability by company. In context of Insider Trends, the impact of operation

management is having both positive and negative impact that enhance the ability of business that
allows better changes which explained below:
 Six Sigma: It is the systematic procedure that comprise better focus and concern to
balance the reduces the all conflicts for making increase the efficiency of production
get develop in effective way. Through this various opportunities are recognised for
implement customer satisfaction (Roh and et. al., 2019). As for Insider Trends
company, the role of leader would be to improve the employees attributes and other
internal capabilities, making them prepare to focuses on those aspect which could
create complexity and develop the decision making skills.
The function of manager, as they would create the policies and certain protocol which need to
abide by the employees and other subordinates who belong from same management level. For
Insider Trends Manager having responsibility to address the product and services which is
assorted by people's family (Ruan and et. al., 2019). By forming long term strategic plan for
having purpose to accomplish the profit maximisation, by optimise the overall state of plan with
techniques used for eliminate the unwanted errors to not facing any complexity.
 Total Quality of Management: According to this operation management approach, it
is constant process to measuring and identifying the lacking or errors to reduce for
effective manufacturing and enhance better supply chain management. TQM having a
purpose to rectify the flaws, improvising the product quality, assessing the customer
feedback and making efficient employees through training and development program.
For Insider Trends, the process of Total Quality of Management is enhance
improvement and attain more efficiency as well as better stability in market.
The Role of Leader and Manger:
 In Insider Trends, by providing optimum direction through Insider Trends leader where
they directs plays an important role to the task objective as well as managers also plays
a responsibility to provide understanding in effective manner.
Through leaders and managers are defines different role in terms of quality as it develop
the quality of standred through their instruction they could accomplish long term objectives
(Thomas, Deblecker and Ioakimidis., 2018). Moreover, leader are efforts to fulfil the

commitment and mangers are uses to forming the policies in different context to improve the
operation management.
 Lean principle: According to this principle of operation management is focuses to
reduces the unwanted wastages through which overall wastage where overall cost of
production is minimised. In Insider Trends, this approach is utilised several times by
implement cost reduction as to generate the customer satisfaction. In other perspective
mangers uses this principle to measure the outcomes are accomplish or not. So, they
eliminate the unwanted material cost that save the cost of production incurred and
optimise the level of profit.

Key operation functions of organisation
Various functions are performed by an organisation in order to better fulfil the
requirements of its customers and to sustain in market for long time period. Insider trends is a
company that carryout various functions to support big retailers to innovate and implement
activities. Basically it is a consultancy firm that provide support to retailers. Main function of
company is to consult, advice and create solution for its clients to fulfil the gap between actual
situation and desired one. Further, company create and develop good relations with its clients in
order achieve customer satisfaction and get their loyalty.
P5. Illustrate the importance and value of operation management in achieving business
objectives.
The operation management is procedure that generally depicts about the plans, control
and monitor the manufacturing and production process and services delivery aspect. The
importance of operation management in organisation premises because it supports to effectively
manage, control and better instruction to supervise goods and services for satisfaction to the
customer (Wen and et. al., 2018). As Insider Trends is a British multinational retailer
organisation where it deals with home appliances, hardware, clothes with books etc. they need to
maintain all these type of product segment where they have different department that works to
manage the overall activities such as Administrative, operational, production and other. For that,
operational management plays an important role to operate all these factors through managerial
functions as it elaborates below:
 Planning: It is general role as manager construct different plans that is assort to
customised the quality of products and offers unique form of services. In the perspective
of Insider Trends their efficient strategy is indicates the help to compete all the goods
and objectives in effective way.
 Organising: According to this management function it helps to scrutinize the business
operation is getting advanced as well as in appropriate way. Through systematically
stabilise and proper execution enhance the better accuracy. In Insider Trends perspective
they effectively control and attained the ability to mange the objectives which is
assigned.
 Directing: In this the clarity of direction which makes understands to the subordinates in
the level of proper guidance enhance by superiors (Zhang, Wang and Lin, 2019). Insider

Trends manager and leader are instruct to the employees for their new task or projects
where they can attain the goals of company's business operations.
 Controlling: To making influence in any work or having authority to manage the errors
in effective manner. The uses of Controlling in Insider Trends premises to execute and
manage the operation of business that reduce the unwanted errors.
As above analysation of operation management, Insider Trends need to focus into Total Quality
of Management as the leader and manger can manage the manufacturing activities which would
reliable and help to generates the customer satisfaction as well as attain more market place
goodwill. Therefore, Insider Trends managers are preparing a planning about to accomplish
20%-30% of market share and for that motive consideration they have contribute their efforts to
attain effective utilisation of all required resources. Through this it would helps to reduces
unrelated materials which would save the cost incurred and in spite of generate more outcomes.
M3. To evaluate the how leaders and managers can improve efficiencies of operational
management to successfully meet the objectives.
Leaders and manager can improve their internal capabilities through operational
management approaches by adapt and learn managerial skills and other basic learning outcomes
which help to increase the knowledge of leader while manager will easily form policies to
implement the new rules and regulation that relates with the business operation. By getting all
the basic learning by leaders and manager could approach their work in flexible manner and
helps to accomplish their objectives as well.
Part-4
P6 Analyse the factors for business environment that impact as well as upon operational
management and decision making.
The term business environment refers about the forces which impact to the firm ability to
build as well as maintain successful relationship with customers. Such as people, management,
supply and demand or business regulation (Katano and Tamura, Fujitsu Ltd, 2017). As the
procedure of decision making in Insider Trends company is assorting different factor and their
leaders and managers manages the different working condition that is explained below as:

Corporate Social Responsibility: This is the factor that emphasis about the compliance
oriented improvement such as social, economic, environment is being considerate in efficient
way. The leaders and mangers in Insider Trends plays different perspective role to handle and
analysis the flaws of business operations. CSR activities would help to build Insider Trends and
its product brand value image with better sufficiency as well as market sustainability is getting
enhanced.
Ethics: It derives about the norms or principles which forms by an individual or group of
people to follow and implies to their working process to accomplish goal in successful manner.
The term Ethics in Insider Trends business operation has considerate for long term aspect of
market place in which sustainability gets balanced (Mahmud, Zahedi and Mahmud., 2017).
Mangers are assigned their responsibility by which better decision making that provide
motivation as well as profit share in the business enhanced.
Sustainability: The term sustainability is constantly considerate to attain the needs to
without compromising the ability of future generations to accomplish the further needs. As the
Sustainability of business is constructed on a three pillars economic, environmental and social
factor. In the context of business operation of Insider Trends company It also enhance for more
creativity ideas generates through business point of view that will help to the customer
satisfaction. It usually by adding more business values with that customer get attracted and retain
for longer period of instance (Majidi and et. al., 2017).
Pestle Analysis
• Political: In this factor it includes the overall corpoarte and government regulation which
stats to the provide information related to the particular country such as policies, foreign
trade, taxation etc. As the UK political factor is stable as Insider trend needs to follows
the all policies and norms for their better sustainability.
• Economical: It derives about the economic condition of the United Kingdom, such as
inflation, recession and other Brexit Market. For Insider Trends company, the economic
background of United kingdom is beneficial but some how there is challenge of Brexit
Market as it not allows the European union for trade. So, it could be implication for the
Insider Trends.

• Social: This factor decsribes the to making target customer for the company's product as
in demographic factor. Insider Trends divided their customer on the basis of age, gender,
taste and preferences.
• Technology: Through this factor it derives that United kingdom Technology is having
wider scope where Insider Trends can adopt the resources as advanced technology which
will increase their productivity.
• Economical: As the situation of United kingdom, the rules and regulation are strictly
applicable where companies need to apply their CSR activities to contribute for the
society. For Insider trends they will get benefited through participate in CSR ad other
environmental activities that increase their productive level.
• Legal: The Legal regulation of UK is very effective and systematic appliacble in the
organisation as Insider trend has to pursuing their business on the basis of legal aspect of
United Kingdom such as National Minimum Wages, Employment laws etc.
M4. Different factor that affect the business environment.
The different factors as internal environment where Corporate Social Responsibility,
Business ethics and Sustainability affect to the business environment of Insider Trends as
Corporate Social Responsibility helps to building the better image of company in market or
forming effective goodwill. Business Ethics influence to creation of moral values or principles
that constraint to process the working of particular organisation in systematic way, in other hand
Sustainability allows to the every business organisation to focuses to the basic objective
accomplish through which it supports to sustain the organisation in the business platform (Mel
and et. al., 2020).
D2. Critically evaluate the application of operation management and factors that would impact
on business environment.
The application of operation management is highlight the major components like Six
Sigma, Total Quality of Management and Lean Principle. Through proper analysation by
reducing overall barriers and improves the productivity level is controlled by Six sigma factor.
Through providing the optimum guidance in terms of development purpose of product or
business that helps to measure the errors and influence to increase the business growth. The other
factors of business environment creates an impact on Insider Trends business operation as in

positive manner where it induces to understand the correct form of business regulation should
presumes in correct form.
CONCLUSION
Thus, it is identified that leaders and managers as well both plays an important role for
the growth and success of company and also tends to manage them in an effective way. For this,
the role and functions of both managers and leaders are helpful in order to survive within each
and every situation. Moreover, various types of leadership approaches are discussed in different
manner and also evaluate various operational management approaches that tends to ensure the
quality of production and reduce the wastage of resources. In terms of this, environmental
analysis is performed in order to identify various risk factor and those who impacts the decision
making of both leaders and managers of company.

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