Managing Human Capital and Leadership : Assignment Sample

Management human capital and
leadership

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................3
Models that help in analysing approach to the management of human resources ......................3
TASK 2 ..........................................................................................................................................5
Evaluation of recruitment and selection process related to strategic human resource initiatives
and also provide recommendations .............................................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
Approaches to HRD ....................................................................................................................7
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
Evaluation of classical theories of motivation ..........................................................................10
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................11
Characteristics of effective leaders............................................................................................11
Transformational leadership model: .............................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

ABSTRACT
This report includes HR practices that help in evaluating different perspective of
business. This study will be based upon Hotel Phoenician. Report mainly emphasized on models
and theories that will be used in the company for gaining effective HRM practices.
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INTRODUCTION
Human resource Management can be described as the process of influencing, hiring,
selecting and inducting the employees, conducting orientation programmes, providing training
and development opportunities, providing compensation and other benefits to the employees. It
helps to improve growth and success of the business. Human resource development refers to the
use of career development and training programmes to improve the effectiveness of the firm
(Chelladurai and Kerwin, 2018). The Report is based on Hotel Phoenicia. It is a 5 star hotel
situated in Floriana, Malta. It belongs to hospitality industry. The hotel was founded in year
1947. The target market of the organization is Middle East, Europe and Latin America. It offers
various benefits to the customers like astonishing views and the rooms of hotel retain original
features including tiled floors etc. The Report will outline the method used by firm for managing
human resource, recruitment and selection methods used by hotel in relation to strategic human
resource initiatives. Further, the Report will also describe approach to human resource
development, classical theories of motivation and proposing hybrid theory which is a
combination of different theories that will have practical value for the company. At last, it will
explain the features of effective leader in support with relevant models.
TASK 1
Models that help in analysing approach to the management of human resources
Human resource management is an approach that involve recruitment, selection, training
and development of an employee in the company. HR practices can be restructured in hotel
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Phoenicia by applying different models into the organization. These model include Harvard
framework and guest model of HRM.
The Harvard Framework
According to the Subramony and et. al., (2018) this model defines two characteristics one
is that line manager is responsible for maintaining alignment between competitive strategy and
personal policies of the company. Another is related to personnel as it sets policies that help in
governing personnel activities and implementing them into Hotel Phoenicia. As it consists of six
components such as stakeholders, situational factors, HRM policy choices, HR outcomes, long
term consequences and feedback from employees. All these factors help in managing human
resources and shaping HR practices of business by providing their effective suggestion regarding
policies and procedures that will be implemented into business. From this model, it can be
analysed that this framework helps in providing changes into business operations that also help
in providing effective use of resources. Therefore, this model help in managing human resources
of Hotel Phoenician and evaluating different perspective for the future.
As per the view of Joo, Lim and Kim, (2016) Stakeholders of the company also help in
managing human resources of Hotel Phoenician. Designing of work is another area that need for
alignment of people in business. On the other hand, this model outlines four areas of HR policy
that include influence of employees as providing responsibility and power to enhance different
activities in business. Human resource flows is another concept that lead to perform recruitment,
selection, promotion, appraisal and termination. There are various benefits as it will be provided
in enhancing human resources as well as managing human capital for the long term. As reward
system is another concept that include pay systems and motivation. This model state four C's of
HR policies that have to be achieved by Hotel Phoenicia as Commitment, Congruence,
Competence and Cost effectiveness. All these help in achieving business objectives and fulfilling
changes that will be occurred for the future course of action. As these C's of HR policies help in
managing resources of the company and enhancing business operations for longer period of time.
Suseno and Gengatharen, (2018) stated that from Harvard framework Hotel Phoenicia
help in managing human resources of the company for the purpose of analysing different aspect
in business. It is important for re framing policies that help in upgrading system effectively and
fulfilling goals for the longer term. For making business effective various activities has been
conducted that provide different aspect and help in achieving objective for the company. HR
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practices can be used for effective use of resources by taking advantage that will be useful for the
future. By providing meetings between employees that help in discussing regarding business
transformation that build effective management and provide changes for the future. By focusing
on strategy that will be implemented into business help in evaluating performance of employees
and make it effective. Therefore, this model help in managing resources and providing various
changes in business activities that provide changes in business perspective.
From the above model it has been evaluated that HR practices help in managing human
resources of Hotel Phoenician. As HR policies is providing different changes in operations of the
company and providing changes that will be taken into consideration for maintaining human
resources for the future.
Guest model
As per the view Bardy, (2018) this model is given by David Guest and state that this
model is more superior as compared to other models. From this model it can be analysed that HR
manager have to use specific strategies that help in executing different practices in Hotel
Phoenician and that lead to provide certain results from it. These results include behavioural,
performance and providing financial rewards to employees. As financial results can be obtained
if employee is performing good in the organization that provide quality and flexibility that will
have create differences in gaining changes in business. It consists of six components such as HR
strategy, practices and outcomes, performance results and financial consequences that lead to
improve employee performance. It is based upon assumption that HRM practices lead to provide
different perspective that help in making strategic changes in business. Secondly, it stated that
belief will be generated as it provides fundamental elements of the human resource management.
Through this model HR practices can be reframed as providing differentiated product that help in
catering needs and demand of consumer in the marketplace. As Hotel Phoenician help in
managing human resources as it provide different perspective and gaining many changes that
will be provided after implementing this model in the company.
According to the Henry and et. al., (2015) organization have to focus on quality practices
that will be provided to employees. As different outcomes lead to provide benefits and gaining
desired outcome from business. There are different practices as that lead to enhance business
operations. After applying this model into Hotel Phoenician human resources of the company
will be managed and effectively used in enhancing various perspective for the future.
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After implementing this model into business that help in enhancing business perspective
and also enhance human resources that will create changes in business. This will lead in Hotel
Phoenician help in managing resources of the company. As this model is providing changes in
business activities as well as evaluating performance of employees and bringing changes that
lead to evaluate various segments and enhancing business operations.
TASK 2
Evaluation of recruitment and selection process related to strategic human resource initiatives
and also provide recommendations
As per the view Maroofi, (2018) Recruitment and selection is important activity of
business that lead to emphasize various changes that lead to provide different aspect in utilizing
various aspect. As Hotel Phoenician is adopting external source of recruitment that help in
gathering talent employee from outside the company premises. By adopting this technique, it has
to be taking into consideration that employee must fit profile of business that is being offered by
companies for the future. As recruitment is the process that help in selecting best employee for
the company and enhancing HR practices by providing effective use of resources. Through
strategic management concept needs will be identified through recruitment process as providing
changes that will affect business. Through recruitment process it helps in achieving objective as
well as ensuring efficient hiring.
Ulrich and Allen, (2016) stated that managers have to focus on recruitment activities that
aimed in selecting right candidate for the job. Recruiting activities lead to emphasize on
providing effective applicability of these practices that lead to create changes in business. It is
related to strategic management that lead to emphasize in bringing various aspect for the
company in changing recruitment method that lead to emphasizing gaining competitive
advantage in the marketplace. For the purpose of choosing potential strategy it emphasizes on
gaining long term organizational goal for the future. In Hotel Phoenician hiring manager have to
focus on recruitment process that will be followed in business. It is an important concept that
lead to bring efficiency and evaluating various aspect for gaining changes in business. This lead
to bring various perspective as it is important in gaining various changes that lead to provide
different aspect and providing these changes that emphasize on evaluating recruitment process
that enable in providing changes in business. Effective selection process helps in enhancing
business activities that provide changes in business aspects of the company. There are several
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factors that lead an emphasize on leading changes that provide effective selection process in the
company.
As per the Madera and et. al., (2017) recruitment can be done on different perspective as
it provide changes in evaluating various methods that can be implemented into Hotel Phoenician.
There are various changes that help in fulfilling needs and concerns of employees as it may lead
to increase efficiency of people. As through external recruitment new talents with new idea and
innovation will be taking for the purpose of enhancing business activities. As external
recruitment leads to enhance business operations and bring effectiveness in operations of
business. As Hotel Phoenician is adopting selection process that help in providing changes in
business and enhance future availability of business. Best selection helps in evaluating different
perspective as it enhances activities of Hotel Phoenician. If talented candidate is selected by HR
manager that help in future growth and earning more profit. It is important as it provide different
changes that lead to create effective use of resources and enhancing market growth. It is
necessary for the company to bring change in recruitment and selection process so that it help in
meeting strategic human resources initiatives of the company. As world is growing at fast pace
that lead to create more competition in the market. It is important in taking decision for the future
course of action. Hiring employee that is best suitable provide development in recruitment and
selection process for selecting talented employee by hiring manager of Hotel Phoenician. It plays
an important role as selecting best strategy that will be suitable for the future. There are changes
that have been made for the purpose of selecting employees in business. Selection and
recruitment process both help in selecting talented employee that bring growth and development
for the future.
From the above discussion it should be recommended that Hotel Phoenician have to
adopt both internal as well as external recruitment process that will help in selecting best
employees for the future growth and development. Through this different perspective have been
provided as gaining new ideas and innovation as it helps in building new strategies and
evaluating various perspective that lead to enhance business activities. From different channels
that will be used in performing various activities. Selection of effective technique build
confidence in getting success as it is important in accepting challenges that make it effective and
valuable in future terms. There are several aspect that affect business operations is having greater
impact as enhancing operations that lead to bring effectiveness in process of selecting
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employees. Selection can be done by following proper procedure as taking written test and then
adopting different strategies that lead to emphasize different methods that are implemented for
evaluating effective use of selection and recruitment methods.
TASK 3
Approaches to HRD
Human resource development is the process of providing training to employees that help
in building their skills and knowledge and improving individual effectiveness in the company. It
also helps in improving performance and abilities that is required for doing effective work in the
organization. There are different approaches that will be used in evaluating performance of
employees for the future.
There are different approaches of HRD such as system, strategic and management approach that
will be used by Hotel Phoenician.
According to the Stevenson, (2018) Strategic approach will be used in Hotel Phoenician
for making strategic decision for the company. This approach helps in taking strategic decision
for business that lead to bring more growth and opportunities. Through this skills and abilities of
an employee is increasing by learning various aspect that will be used for running operations for
development. Through this effective resources will be used that emphasizing in getting more
involved that provide evaluation for the future. Through this approach, business decisions can be
improved by taking strategic changes in business and implementing various approaches for
evaluating different factors that lead to create changes in business. There are different
perspective that lead to provide changes and gaining effective use of resources. In this main
focus is on managing solutions and stress in the company for evaluating changes in business.
There are long term solutions that will be provided to employees for gaining various aspect in
providing effective use of resources in the company. This approach will be used by Hotel
Phoenician in enhancing various business operation that help in evaluating different changes that
help in managing resources of the company. There may changes that can be done in this
approach for the purpose of improving its operational activity in business. Proper skills and
abilities require for providing various changes and enhance business operations as well as
managing human resources.
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Frederiksen and Kato, (2017). stated that another approach that can be used as
Management approach that mainly emphasize on evaluating changes that will be provided and
enhancing business operations. This approach will be used for managing employees in the
company. There are various different segments that lead to create changes in business operations
and evaluating business change. Through this approach Hotel Phoenician implement best
practices that help in evaluating performance of employees and managing subordinates that will
provide different aspect in evaluating changes in business operations for the future. As it is
important in evaluating different management concept that lead to bring more opportunities for
the future. On the other hand, it is important for involving various perspective as creating
changes in business operations that will be created for managing business change in the
company. Human resource approach provide respect and dignity that help in fulfilling potential
and intellectual abilities into business. According to this approach it can be stated that providing
equal opportunity to employees working in the organization. There are changes that have been
made in evaluating different perspective as gaining various approaches. Through this different
sections has been evaluated for determining abilities and knowledge that will be gained for
enhancing various perspective in indulging different approaches as evaluating HR practices in
business. There are several changes that have been made after implementing these approaches
and providing aspect that help in changing business operations.
Changes will be done in this approach for the purpose of managing effective functions in
Hotel Phoenician. As planning is one of the function that will be rephrased for evaluating
performance of employees and help in engaging employees into business.
As pert the view Fitria, Mukhtar and Akbar, (2017) System approach helps in achieving
goal of the company by integrating different elements and parts together that help in providing
different changes for the future. There are various changes that enhance employee knowledge
and skills that will be creating greater aspect for fulfilling effectiveness in gaining advantage for
the future. There are various approaches that help in building relation with other employees and
enhance opportunities. Through system approach HR practices will be emphasized as in taking
into consideration training, performance of employees and providing appraisal for fulfilling goal
of Hotel Phoenician. Human resource development help in providing safe workplace, builds
relation with employees and compliance for providing training to employees. It mainly focuses
on functional activities and changes that will be made in gaining different aspect for the future.
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These approaches help in emphasizing various aspect as evaluating different practices that will
be used by company in fulfilling different objectives. There are various changes that will help in
bringing effectiveness and business operations. There are different traditional approaches as lead
to emphasize on taking into account these approaches as evaluating different aspect in business.
It creates understanding between employees and enhancing future decision in the company. As
these approaches help in gaining changes that lead to create effectiveness and changing scenario.
Approaches has been followed strictly by employees and provide changes that lead to create
different aspect and enhance activities for gaining business objectives. It is important in
evaluating various aspect that lead to create effectiveness in evaluating changes that lead to
provide strict instructions to employees as it is important in evaluating business aspect for
helping various aspects and gaining these changes that lead to create effectiveness for the future.
It is important in implementing various approaches that lead in generating business objectives
and providing different changes in operations. This approach also help in
All the above approaches that will be used by Hotel Phoenician. It will be recommended
that system approach is used by business for evaluating changes and help in developing human
resources in business. There may changes that can be done as changing system that will be
applied so that it bring changes for the future course of action. It is important as transforming
business activities that will create changes in business operations.
TASK 4
Evaluation of classical theories of motivation
There are different classical theories of motivation such as Maslow theory of motivation
and Herzberg two-factor theory that help in evaluating various perspective of motivation in the
company.
As Maslow theory states that there are five types of needs that will be taken into
consideration such as Physiological, safety, belonging and love, esteem and self actualization
needs. Through this theory it can be said that Physiological are the basic needs that will satisfy
by an individual for the future course of action. After fulfilling this need safety need arises that is
also a basic need that emphasize in evaluating it for the future. After fulfilment of this need
esteem need come that help in providing two concepts as self esteem and desire reputation that
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provide status in the society. Lastly , came self-actualisation needs that will grow as per the
development of an individual for the future.
On the other hand, Herzberg two factor theory include two factor intrinsic and extrinsic
motivation that help in deciding that either an individual will be motivated or either demotivated
from several ways that will take different aspect in business. As this theory provide changes as it
is useful for employees in doing effective work. These changes may occur in providing factors
that are affect motivation of employee.
Hybrid theory of Motivation
This theory defines that skills will be required for doing work effectively and efficiently
and by applying this theory in Hotel Phoenician it provide criticism that does not help people in
doing work and motivate employees for the future. By applying this theory into business that
help in providing combining effect of approaches that may lead to achieve business objectives.
From the above theories it combine different characteristics from Maslow as well as Herzberg
theory of motivation. As Maslow theory help in satisfying different needs of an individual in the
contrary as Herzberg two factor theory consist of two factors as satisfaction and dissatisfaction
so by applying hybrid theory in Hotel Phoenician that help in satisfying need of employee so that
they are able to work effectively.
Maslow theory is having practical value in the organization as different levels of needs
will be satisfied that help in achieving objectives and goals of business.
TASK 5
Characteristics of effective leaders.
Leader:
Leader can be defined as an individual who makes efforts for influencing team members
to contribute their efforts for achieving aim and objectives of the organization. Whereas, the term
leadership refers the activity of influencing group of people in the firm. Leadership involves
various activities such as developing clear vision, communicating vision with others, providing
knowledge, information to realize the method etc. (Rosenbach, 2018).
Features of effective leaders: Effective Leader possess the following attributes. Such as:
Vision -
Leaders are effective when they have ability to develop a vision, communicate the vision,
and passionately owns the vision. Leader of Hotel Phoenicia should have clear idea of where
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they are going and what they have to achieve. Moreover, Leader must have ability to perform
excellent strategic planning. All these qualities separate a leader from manager.
Integrity -
Effective leaders possess a high level of integrity and they comply to ethical principles,
moral principles and honesty. Further, the leader of Hotel Phoenicia reflects the attribute of
integrity to others and perform it in consistent way.
Influence -
Leadership is all regarding influencing other people. The major thing in influencing
others is to develop trust with subordinates. To become an effective leader, person should focus
on having better understanding regarding the motivation of employees and should encourage
them to share their views and opinions. Leader may use knowledge regarding opinions of
workers for making change in the organization.
Good communication -
Another important quality of an effective leader is excellent communication skills.
Leader of Hotel Phoenicia should know how to communicate effectively with other members of
team. They should have understanding of different methods of communication like written,
verbal and non-verbal signs etc. This attribute helps leader to communicate vision, providing
directions, shaping the aim and objectives, clarifying the tasks and reinforcing the values to the
followers. Further, effective communication helps leader to develop emotional connection with
team members.
Optimism -
It refers to the attitude of the individual to take most cheerful and hopeful view and to
anticipate the best results. Effective leader has ability to view silver linings, opportunities and
possibilities in different type of situations. Optimistic leaders argue that, positive outcome is
possible with resilience, hard work and a bit of luck. Team members generally drawn to those
leaders who are cheerful, positive (Carleton, Barling and Trivisonno, 2018).
Self-control -
Leader should know what they will perform or not perform and what will be the effect of
their choices. Leader of Hotel Phoenicia should have personal discipline in their lifestyle and
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behaviour. Self control helps leader to remain motivated and also contributes to momentum. Self
control means leader should have sufficient initiatives as well as clarity of vision.
Courage -
There are two forms of courage such as moral and physical. It refers to standing on
values and convictions while risking censure. It can also mean risking the loss of position.
Effective leader has moral courage that implies overcoming fear and it also implies the
responsibility of leader for own actions.
Leadership Model: The characteristics of effective leaders can be justified with the help of
leadership models. Such as -
Transformational leadership model:
Developing high performing workforce has become very important and to achieve this,
leader must be able to perform beyond the requirements of the task. Due to this, the concept of
transformational leadership has developed. Transformational leadership is applicable at all the
levels of the organisation like departments, teams, and company as a whole.
Transformational leader of Hotel Phoenicia possesses various characteristics such as
thoughtful thinker, risk–taker, inspiring, visionary, optimistic etc. Further leader of the firm also
possesses charismatic appeal. As per the view of Piat, Sabetti and Padgett (2018) for bringing
change in the organization, transformational leader should have the following factors -
Inspirational motivation :
The basis of transformational leadership is promotion of consistent mission, vision and
set of values to the team members. Leader guide the members by offering them sense of
challenge and meaning. Transformational leader work optimistically to improve the spirit of
commitment.
Intellectual stimulation :
Leader encourage followers to become creative. They influence members to develop new
ideas. Leader focuses on what in problems and do not blame the followers.
Idealized influence :
Transformational leaders believe that leader should act as role model. These type of
leaders always win the respect and trust of team members. They place the requirements of
followers over their own, sacrifice own personal gains for them and reflect high level of ethical
conduct. Further, transformational leader uses their power to influence subordinates.
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Individualized consideration :
Leader of the organisation acts as mentors for the employees and offer them rewards for
innovation and creativity. Followers are treated by leader differently according to their skills,
talent and knowledge (Goodwin, 2019).
Transformational leadership will help leader of Hotel Phoenicia to improve level of job
satisfaction, commitment of employees and also involve in citizenship behaviours of
organization. With such a committed workforce it will be helpful for the leader to transform the
company. It will also lead to increase in productivity and profitability of the hotel.
CONCLUSION
The above Report has outlined that human resource management is an approach that
helps in overall development of the employees and also help to manage the workforce of the
organization. As per The Harvard Framework, stakeholders play a major role in focussing on
satisfying needs of the employees. It also helps to restructure HR practises. Further, the Report
has explained that recruitment and selection is important function of HRM. It helps to recruit
right candidate at right time. Human resource development with the help of effective training and
development programmes help in overall development of the employees that helps to improve
performance of company. Classical theories like Abraham Maslow theory and two factor theory
helps to motivate workers to perform better at the workplace. Moreover, the Report has outlined
that effective leader possesses various characteristics such as optimistic, Influence, integrity, risk
taking, self-control etc. Transformational leadership model describes that transformational leader
possess various factors like Inspirational motivation, Individualized consideration, Idealized
influence and Individualized consideration etc. As per the model, leader has different attributes
like optimistic, risk-taking, creativity etc. Transformational leadership can be applied at all the
levels by the leader.
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