Managing Across Borders: Tutorial Question Assignment

MANAGING AC-
CROSS BORDER-
TUTORIAL QUES-
TION ASSIGNMENT
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Table of Contents
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Means of transportation..........................................................................................................3
Essential individual characteristics or professional traits expected from managers?.............4
Multi-national enterprises (MNEs) have been criticized for having a “cash-cow”................5
Four important culture-based norms and beliefs....................................................................6
Fundamental patterns of culture differences..........................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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MAIN BODY
Means of transportation
Internationalization is the practice of designing different product, service and internal operations
to expand their business into international market (Ting-Toomey and Dorjee, 2017). There are
many different ways through which organization can enter into international market. Some of
the means of transportation are as follows:
Export Based Method of Internationalization: It is one of the most common methods of
internationalization; it can be done in the organization by producing a good amount of the
product in the domestic market, out of that organization used to export some of the product to
the international market. It is one of the most straight forward methods of Internationalization;
this method of the Internationalization generally has increased the amount of liberalization of the
trade in the nation. This type of the method is based and divided into two method that is indirect
exporting and direct exporting.
 Indirect exporting: It is the method in which organization is not able to have any
international activity, they generally take help of different intermediaries for physical
distribution of goods and services in the foreign market. In this process export house
buys a product from the domestic firm and sells them with abroad on its accounts. This is
the process in which more than two parties are involved in trade.
 Direct Exporting: Direct exporting is the firm which is directly involved in distribution
and selling its own product to the foreign market. It is the long term commitment of the
organization in which organization used to select the local agents and distributor to sell
the product of the company in the international market.
Non-Equality Based method for Internationalization: This is the type of the
internationalization method in which organization used to sell the technology or do different
business activity in the form of contract, patents, trademark and different copyright. There many
different type of agreement are found in this mean (Teunissen and et.al., 2017).
Franchising: This is the form in which the franchisee purchases the right to undertake the
variety of the operation of the business in the name of the franchiser business. Franchising in the
firm also help in building good image of the company in the global market, which can be
cultivated and standardized overtime.
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