Managing Information and Technology

This essay discusses the different types of information systems, categories of ERP systems, and the benefits of ERP systems in real business. It explores the role of ERP in Intellect soft and its advantages. The essay also highlights the importance of ERP in the changing business environment.

Managing Information
and Technology
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Different types of Information systems.......................................................................................4
Categories of ERP systems:.........................................................................................................6
Benefits of ERP systems in real business:...................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
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INTRODUCTION
Information system is related to a set of different components that are working towards
for collection, processing and storage of the information os that it can support further in the
process of decision making. It consists of different dimensions of the information system such as
Dimension of an organisation, dimension of managing and technology dimension (Stover, 2019)
(Benitez, Ray and Henseler, 2018). There are many different types of information system such
as transaction processing system, Decision support system, management information system and
Enterprise resource planning that is commonly referred to as ERP. Enterprise resource planning
can be defined as the validity of an organisation to deliver best of their values to their final
clients and customer by making use of tools of ERP. It consists of various broad aspects that is
helping in deep operational work and in case of end to end process. Such as, in case of various
functions like finance, manufacturing, distribution and supply chain. ERP is a system that is
streamlining of all the process in one system across whole organisation (Chaison, 2017). It
consist of shared system if database that is supporting multiple functions that can be used by
different units of a business.
Intellect soft is a privately owned organisation that is having presence in London, Oslo,
Berlin, Minsk and many other places. It has becomes one of the major players in software
engineering services. They mainly specialise in application development of smart phones in
mobile platforms. They have approx 120 employees across different parts of world. This
organisation is helping in adoption of ERP. It is helping in integrated management of all business
process in software & technology. ERP is software that has been adopted by companies in
integration of different aspects of a business. It is a integrated system of application that is
helping in management of all business activities and all the functions such as human resources,
services and technology.
The main aim of this essay is to develop an understanding of the basic meaning of ERP system
for organisations in the changing environment.
Objectives:
 Different types of information systems adopted by organisations
 Benefits of ERP system of real life business organisations
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Different types of Information systems
Transaction processing system: A transaction processing system is one that is used for the
purpose of keeping of records for effective functioning of business. It can be related with the
entry of sales order, payroll & further shipping records (Jain Citibank 2019). It is very helpful for
generation of reports in a better manner by scheduling it timely. It is also very useful in
production of reports on demands and also production of various expectation reports.
Decision support system: It is serving the management of every organisation. It is a
support system that is used for analysing of data and assisting all the problems that are helpful in
specific decision making. DSS is mainly used in case when the problem is very complex or more
information is require to make some bets decision. DSS is used by decision makers in every
organisation.
Executive information systems: EIS is a system commonly known as Executive support
system that is mainly used by the senior managers in every organisation (Madanhire and
Mbohwa,., 2016). It is a very easy to use method that is helping executives without much
assistance from various professionals. EIS is sued for making a detailed trend analysis drill down
of capabilities and exception reporting. It is also very helpful in a graphical form and helpful in
fulfilment of information needs. It is a online analysis tool that can be used for accessing a broad
range of external and internal data.
Workflow system: It is a rule based system of management that is used for directing,
coordination and finally monitoring if the different interrelated activities that are part of every
business process. There are three types of workflow software’s (Leu. and Lee, 2017). These are:
 Administrative system of workflow that is used for tracking of different expense reports,
travel reports and messages.
 Ad hoc workflow system is a basic system that is dealing with product shape, proposal of
sales and strategic planning of the organisation.
 Production workflow is a system that is concern with mortgage loans & various insurance
claims.
 A workflow system is usually an internet based system that is combined with the mailing
system it is related to architecture and used for database and file server.
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Enterprise Resource planning: it is a basic business process that is a management software
that is usually helpful fir a organisation in supporting its integrated programs and is also helpful
in managing vital operation of business for entire organisation but global organisation.
Expert systems: It is a system that is concern with the ability of decision making and as an
expert of different fields in an organisation. Expert system is having an extensive base of
knowledge.
Management information system: It is a system that is providing the management a
summary of basic operations that is being performed in every organisation. It consist of various
essential services such as recording TPS In a organisation and Further management information
system used for consolidation of data related to production, sales etc. The main objectives are to
install a MIS system in an organisation so that further operational efficiency can be enhanced.
MIS is supporting different departments of an organisation such as finance, production etc.
Above discussed are different types of information systems that are part of every
organisation and are helping in smooth running of all the functions. They are also playing a very
crucial role in assisting of use of available labour up to its maximum advantage. In case of
Intellect soft mainly ERP is used for purpose of supporting and helping in overall functioning of
the organisation.
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Categories of ERP systems:
ERP is a system that is related with various host of applications that are helping in
management of all the business functions in a more unified manner. It is very helpful in
facilitation of all the tasks that are flowing from inventory, human resource, CRM, Finance etc.
ERP is acting as a tool for integration of various platforms that can help in streamlining of major
functions in an organisation. It is acting an administrative back office work that can help in
increasing overall efficiency of all the work that is taking across different departments. ERP is
software that is used for interpretation, storage, editing and transferring large amount of data that
is very vital for a company and then improvement in the process of strategic decision making
process of every organisation.
There are different categories of ERP in .that is helping in management of coordination
among different functional areas of a business as discussed below:
 Sales & Marketing: It is a function that is very helpful in management of overall sales
cycle & automation process of marketing in all ERP systems. ERP is helping in storage
of essential data like enquiries of customers, orders, quotations and invoices.
 CRM: CRM is a module that is helpful in increasing sales performance by providing
support to customers and holistic experiences to customers. It is also helping in storage of
vital customer details in a more structure manner such as their demographic details,
preferences, contact details etc.
 Financial management: It is a very important system of ERP module that is helping in
management of finance related to cash inflows & outflows. It is helping in handling of
various matters related to taxation and other governmental regulations.
 Manufacturing: ERP is a system that is helping every manufacturing sector. The module
is helping in well designed modules of ERP. It is helping in utilisation of manufacturing
capacity in a more optimum manner.
 Human resource management: People management has gained importance for creation
of immense value for HRM. It consist of attendance sheets, performance management
system and skills matrix. HRM module is also helpful in updating of database of record
of employee.
 Supply chain system: ERP is a system that is facilitation of automation process. There
are different systems that are related to finished products & material distribution. SCM
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module is for completion of various tasks that are involved in delivering of final
products. It is very helpful in making all organization more proactive and responsive at
the same time for sudden shifts taking place in markets.
Purchasing: Purchasing modules is helping in procurement of materials. It consists of different
functionalities such as purchasing of materials, sending of quotations, tracking various
purchasing items. Etc. It is also enabling in sending and receiving of product quotations and
operation of purchasing orders & various receipt notes (Mithas and Rust, 2016).
From present scenario and above discussed points it can be said that Intellect soft
is using all the parts of ERP in achievement of overall business objectives.
Benefits of ERP systems in real business:
ERP system has many benefits for a organisation as discussed below:
In every organisation there is need to make people aware of advantages and disadvantage of the
ERP software before making decision of investment. In case of Intellect soft, this software
company also has certain advantages as discussed below:
 Increasing productivity: ERP system is very helpful in enhancement of overall
productivity of an organisation as it helps in integration of all vital functions of a business
such as SCM, marketing & human resource process that can be managed using a single
portal.
 Promotion of a culture of collaboration: ERP is a system that is very helpful in
breaking if walls that is between an organisation and its other functional departments
(Bessen, 2017. ). It helps in smooth flowing of information so that teams can work
together in a atmosphere of collaboration. It is leading towards boosting of innovation
and keeping a culture of work that is resulting into more harmony and healthier relations
among employees.
 Stringent Data protection: It is a major aspect that is part of ERP and consists of data
security (Benckendorff, Xiang and Sheldon, 2019 ). In case of modern ERP tools there
are many regulatory frameworks that is helping in protection of unauthorised access
towards data of an organisation. It also protects from any type of fraudulent activities.
 Accurate forecasting of business: Analytical capabilities & database is also making it
possible in case of ERP system so that forecast can be made. It helps in throwing light on
different key areas such as cash flows, Revenue and expected sales. ERP is software that
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is acting as an intelligent tool so that organisation can gain a competitive advantage in the
market.
 Enhancement of compliance: ERP is helping in ensuring compliance for mandatory
regulations of a business and various other financial issues (Lloyd, 2017). It results into
following up all protocols and preventing business organisation from getting penalized
for any wrongful activities. It is a way that can help an industry in having compliance &
regulating of various legal issues.
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CONCLUSION
From above discussed points it can be said that ERP is a system that is very helpful for all
organisations. Especially in the changing scenario of every business organisation when there has
been increase in more privacy concern so that important data does not gets loss or in hands of
any wrongful hands. ERP has lead to more restriction of controls against breach of data. It is also
very helpful in accessing of points that can be tightly monitored by an organisation.
In case of every industry such Intellect soft belongs to a software industry there is more
focus that is made on making of correct forecast as it helps in shaping of strategies in a given
time frame. It also helps in advancing of filters and removal of all inconsistency of a data. For
reduction of operational cost and increasing more efficiency all organizations is moving towards
adoption of Enterprise resource planning as a part of their information system. Apart from
management information system ERP has become one of the most preferred system of
information technology that is being preferred by all organizations across different parts of
world.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Lloyd, I.J., 2017. Information technology law. Oxford University Press.
Benckendorff, P.J., Xiang, Z. and Sheldon, P.J., 2019. Tourism information technology. Cabi.
Bessen, J., 2017. Information technology and industry concentration. Boston University School
of Law Law & Economics Paper Series, (17-41).
Mithas, S. and Rust, R.T., 2016. How information technology strategy and investments influence
firm performance: Conjecture and empirical evidence. Mis Quarterly, 40(1), pp.223-
245.
Stover, W.J., 2019. Information technology in the third world: Can IT lead to humane national
development?. Routledge.
Benitez, J., Ray, G. and Henseler, J., 2018. Impact of information technology infrastructure
flexibility on mergers and acquisitions. MIS Quarterly, 42(1).
Chaison, G., 2017. Information technology: The threat to unions. In Information technology and
the world of work (pp. 89-99). Routledge.
Jain, M., Citibank NA, 2019. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) integrator system and method.
U.S. Patent 10,489,758.
Madanhire, I. and Mbohwa, C., 2016. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) in improving
operational efficiency: Case study. Procedia CIRP, 40, pp.225-229.
Leu, J.D. and Lee, L.J.H., 2017. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation using the
value engineering methodology and Six Sigma tools. Enterprise Information
Systems, 11(8), pp.1243-1261.
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