Managing Projects in the Organisation

This document discusses project risk management, project time management, and project implementation in an organization. It covers topics such as planning, monitoring, and controlling project activities. The document also provides insights into different theories and models for effective project management. Find study material and solved assignments on project management at Desklib.

Managing Projects in the Organisation
1

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
PART 2............................................................................................................................................9
PART 3..........................................................................................................................................15
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21
2

INTRODUCTION
Managing the project is based on the practice of initiating, planning, controlling and
executing the work through staff members. In order to achieve their significant goal and
objective. The primary challenge of project management is that when identifying multiple risk
within organization. Therefore, it affects on the overall enterprise processes. The report will
discuss about the project risk management plan which mainly include time management that help
for achieving their business goal and objective.
The documentation will describe about the project implementation process which include
the various theories for executing task. Furthermore, it will produce the personal development
plan for improving their own skill and knowledge. In order to support the enterprise in growth
and development.
PART 1
Project management
1 Project risk Management
It can be defined as process that mainly used for reducing any potential problem and
issue which are negatively impact on the project timetable (Nachbagauer and Schirl-Boeck,
2019). In order to identify the unexpected event that might affects on the people, process,
resources and technology involved in the project.
Figure 1
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Project risk management covers all activities and processes of planning for risk
identification, management and analysis of project risk, response planning, monitoring and
implementation on the project.
4

Plan risk management
An effective risk management require to understand the conducive Marriott hotel culture
or environment. In order to examine the essential risk management processes, structure and
budget to identify, assess and also addressed opportunities as well as adverse effects (Riis,
Hellström and Wikström, 2019). It is to be consider as planning step for identifying necessary
requirements during project execution. Within Marriott hotel which implies that typical risk,
opportunities and include the process which help for identifying risk through assessment tools.
During risk planning, staff members participate within Marriott hotel to acquire necessary
requirement of client. In this way, it allows to prevent the risk and report of residual effects.
Identify risk
The Marriott hotel can be identified the various risks related technical, social, political,
environmental and legal. So as require to the identify threat, risk otherwise it is directly affects
on the sustainability of enterprise (Young and et.al., 2019). The organization is mainly used the
SWOT analysis tool or framework that always support for determine potential and opportunities
within business operations. Furthermore, Risk statement need to be structure description of risk
which separate cause, consequence and risk.
S.No Risk category
1) Technical risk
2) Economic risk
3) Environmental risk
4) Economic risk
5) Social risk
Table: 1
Risk Register
It is well-structured document where enterprise risks are managed and captured. Each
risk is assigned the specific member who is responsible for reducing risk by implementing
mitigation action.
The risk register has provision for containing unique number, category, description and
current risk assessment. The provision is generally made for preventive action which will reduce
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the probability of an occurrence, contingency action. In order to maintain the separate risk
registered for project implementation process.
Risk Analysis
It is the most important concept that need to use as risk assessment by using qualitative
and quantitative method. Marriott hotel is consider both concept which always support for
analyzing risk within organization.
Qualitative analysis can be performed the task by using two-directional risk with
probability of an occurrence along one axis and their consequence of occurrence along with
another axis (Pachura, 2019). In this way, it can be representing the risk in the form of Matrix.
On the other hand, Qualitative can be examined the essential information or data which
help for improving overall current business condition.
Risk Response
It can be defined as process of controlling and identified risks within project. It depend
upon the planning which make decision whereby stakeholder decide how to deal with technical,
social and financial risk within project management (Fossum, Binder and Andersen, 2019). After
planning, risk response involve identifying to reduce any threat to project. In order to create
opportunities for business in term of improvement. Similarly, project manager should work to
ensure the opportunities likewise it is responsible person to reduce probability and impact of
threats. Afterwards, it automatically increase probability.
Furthermore, it give a response for including the strategies such avoid, mitigate and
transfer. These are playing important role for handle the entire risk within project management.
Mitigate risks, control risk
Marriott hotel mitigate the plan which involved the identification of different actions. It is
useful for reducing the likelihood. It can be implemented the project through mitigation strategy
for controlling threat or risk in proper manner.
Action:
 Reinforcement of policies and procedures that will change the management system. It
give an opportunities for employee to achieve the project requirement.
 It will be conducting training plan which allows for employee to improve their
performance. Therefore, organization can achieve their goal and objective.
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2 Project time management
This is termed out as component of the overall project management in which timeline to
the project can be analysed and developed for the completion of a project or deliverable. This is
inclusive of the knowledge, tool and techniques that helps to ensure the timely completion of the
project (Hussien, Tucker and Baker, 2019). Therefore, this is the essential part of the project
management. Hence, project time management needs to undergo with the activities such as
planning, scheduling, monitoring and controlling of the all project related activities.
 Plan schedule management- It is defined as process that carries out the process as
developing, maintaining and communicating schedules for the time and resources.
However, schedule can be termed out as timetable for a project, portfolio and
programme. Thus, main aim of plan schedule management is to ensure the timely
completion of the project so that effective outcomes to the project can accomplished.
 Plan Activities- This is termed out as process in which planning activities inclusive
capital expenditure, budgeting, analysis and production planning (Ali, Ullah, and
Jahanzaib, 2019). In addition to this, managerial accountant works as to meet out the
department managers throughout the firm that works as to determine the realistic
investment for the entire year.
 Plan resources- It is termed out as plan that defines how people, physical resources that
will be managed, developed and controlled. In addition to this, planning defined as to
reward the resources so that all process can be significant, without the use of effective
resources, the entire project management activities cannot be conducted effectively and
efficiently. However, resource planning termed out as one of key aspect that assist to
accomplish success in project.
 Milestone- In the project time management, the project milestone termed out as process
that starts and finish project activities. However, this can be stated that milestone called
out as project life-cycle that assist to measure the progress of project towards to
accomplish its ultimate goals. This is tool that assist to indicates the completion of the
key project task, commencement and also aids to define the conclusion of the plan.
Therefore, the planning about the milestone is termed out as the big part about the project
planning that helps to accomplish the project success. This is effective tool that assist to
accomplish the project management activities in scheduled manner.
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 Monitoring and control- This is defined as monitoring and controlling project activities
that inclusive of tracking the actual project performance along with the planned project
management activities (Ali, Ullah, and Jahanzaib, 2019). Therefore, this is procedure that
assist to identifies the gap between planned and actual process. If there is any deviation
among them than controlling measure must be taken to cope with it. This is the process
that can be useful to control the all over function that take place at all the phases of
project. Thus, tracking, reviewing and regulating the entire process to project is crucial to
bring out systematic course of action.
3. Plan, monitor and control
After project planning, as move towards the working on project and now it is high time
for checking whether team members are working in same way. Initially, it has made a plan in the
project as per availability of information or data. It is obvious thing that need to change in project
as work progresses (Paton and Andrew, 2019). During project execution, it should be consults
with the senior management and also monitor the activities of project stakeholders. It may be
including the customer and try to find out the accurate solution. Sometimes, change is required
within organization for identifying current project requirements.
Apart from that verify the scope and come after perform quality control. When the
project deliverable is accepted from quality control. The project manager should try to monitor
and control the scope of project and handle the overall business activities.
Perform quality control:
Before delivering the project to customer which require to cross check whether project
manager is delivering the best thing and maintain its quality (Paton and Andrew, 2019). For
instance, it seeks the help of many quality tool and quality process such as control chart, root
cause analysis and histogram.
Control risk:
Risk is an important factor that need to find out within project. Being a project manager,
it should try to check multiple threat, risk in order to monitor and control the process. It is
obvious thing to measure risk just after the project has been started.
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PART 2
Project Implementation
The implementation simply means carrying out the activities described in overall work
plan. Usually, it is executing the project perform wide range of activities, overseeing of team,
management budget, communication to consumer among other issues (Fossum and et.al., 2019).
In Marriott hotel, it is putting the action into business operation while achieving tangible change
and improvements. Furthermore, it ensuring transparency with regards to finance management.
During implementation, enterprise will captured potential benefits by elites at expense of social
groups. Moreover, It can be described the different theories to support in the project
implementation process in Marriott hotel.
Kotter’s 8 steps
It is based on the change model which help for improving the ability of Marriott hotel and
increase its chances of success. By following different steps whereas organization can avoid
failure and become adept at implementing change.
Creating an urgency:
 Identifying and highlighting the potential threat in Marriott which might crop up in the
future.
 It will be examined the opportunities which can be considered through effective
interventions.
 The involvement of team members, key stakeholder to identify the potential problem to
due change.
Creating a powerful guiding coalitations:
 In this phase, it can be identifying an effective change leaders and key stakeholder that
always committed towards the business process (Kovach and Ingle, 2020).
 It also identifying the weak area so that coalition team involve influence people from
different functional department.
Developing a specific vision and strategy:
 In this step, Marriott hotel is mainly focused on the core values, defining the ultimate
vision, strategies that help for improving change management within organization
(Fossum and et.al., 2019).
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 It must ensure that change leaders can describe the vision effectively and efficiently.
Therefore, people can easily understand flow of business operations.
Communicating the vision:
 It is important phase where communicating with other member in regards of change
within Marriott hotel. In order to establish the connection such as training and
performance reviews.
 The organization can handle the issue and concern of people with honestly.
Removing Obstacles:
 In this phase, it must ensure that organizational processes, structure manage according to
visions. It is helping for continuously check the barriers and implement proactive action
to remove obstacle.
Creating short term wins:
 Marriott hotel is creating short term win in early stage during change process.
Afterwards, it will target the short –term goals. In order to achieve great success (Fossum
and et.al., 2019).
 Hotel may provide reward of employee who will deserve everything and involved in the
targets.
Figure 2 Kotters Model
Source: kotters-8-step model. 2016.
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Consolidating Gains
 In this phase, Marriott hotel can achieve the continuous improvement by analysing
success stories and also improving working experience of employee.
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Change the corporate culture
 It ensure that change become integral part in Marriott culture or environment. So that
they can interact with people and identify their success stories. In this way, they initiative
on every given opportunity.
Greiner’s Life cycle
It is a model that mainly described different phases where organization go through as
they grow. Each and every phase is made up of period of relatively stable growth. In order to
improve the crisis and change the organizational as per requirement (Paton and Andrew, 2019).
As workload increases, this approach which help for maintaining coordination between
employee and manager in Marriott hotel. Griener Growth model describe five phase of growth in
the Marriott hotel.
Figure 3 Greiner’s Life cycle
Source: Phase of growth. 2013
Growth through creativity:
It is initial stage where Marriott hotel consider informal as well as employees who are
loyal. By following flat structure for increasing the overall business profitability and productivity
in global marketplace (Paton and Andrew, 2019). When Marriott hotel growing in complex
environment so as require to identify the current situation and effects of crisis.
12

Growth through direction:
In Marriott hotel, Functional managers are appointed for managing entire business
operation and function. As a result, middle management will be created which control the
primary processes. Hotel is mainly focused on formulating the rule and regulation, policies in
term of management. The senior manager has been established the coordination with team
members.
Growth through delegation:
In this phase, Marriott hotel delegates important business task to control by management.
In this way, it can be achieved the significant goal and objective. During phase, manager is
responsible for participating in the operational goal and achieving tactical (Paton and Andrew,
2019). There is good chance that divisional manager plot their own course and always concern
about the consequence within organization.
Growth through Coordination and control:
In this phase, it emphasis that putting more coordination between multiple units. Marriott
hotel has been diversified organization the various staff department take up a strong position.
Afterwards, it can easily manage the business processes by divisional managers in Marriott hotel.
Growth through cooperation:
It is an important phase in term of growth, cooperation between the staff departments and
line which primary aim is to create the hierarchical coordination through matrix structure (Paton
and Andrew, 2019). This phase can easily characterized by mutual contact between staff
members.
Stakeholder identification
As project management, it has grown the hotel business over years. One of step in project
management planning is identification of stakeholders. In order to accomplish and identify the
different stakeholder that participate in the business operation. Stakeholder is a person or group
of people which can effects by given project (Paton and Andrew, 2019). These are individuals
working on particular project even segments of population. Stakeholder may be actively
involved in the project work by outcome, position. Sometimes, it is depending on the complex
situation and find out scope of project. It may be very few or extremely large number of people.
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As move to another step for identifying the stakeholder, Marriott hotel analyse the project
landscape and determine what individuals, group influence, affected by its outcome and
performance.
In Marriott hotel, there are different stakeholder participants such as employees,
creditors, Unions, customer, sponsor, team, manager, geographical region and community.
Another way, determining stakeholders is to identify those who are directly impacted by project.
For Example- stakeholders are project team members, customers. Those are indirectly
affects which may include members of local community. However, it will be developed and
analysed further in the stakeholder’s analysis process (Fossum, Binder and Andersen, 2019)..
An outcome of determining stakeholders that should be registered in project. Thus team member
capture name, contact information, organization, title and pertinent details of all stakeholder. It is
necessary too during stakeholder management within “Marriott” hotel. It will provide significant
value for project team to communicate with stakeholders in proper manner.
Project team will create the stakeholder analysis by using stakeholder register and simply
adding a greater value. It has recommended to manage the separate documents and also create
stakeholder analysis independent of register. Furthermore, it may contain information that should
be distributed in proper manner. So as require to stakeholder registration for participating in
different tasks.
ST-Holder Mapping
Stakeholder mapping is based process which help for identifying and visualising the
relevant project members and their significant interrelationship. It is to be considered as useful in
situation where easily obtained quick picture (Fossum, Binder and Andersen, 2019).. The
mapping should be considered as initial step of stakeholder analysis. Once necessary information
has been obtained but need to identifying significant role of primary as well as secondary
stakeholders.
By influencing the stakeholder which have a power in setting and modifying project
requirements. In another way, it can be said that stakeholder affects by project result or outcome.
Each and every stakeholder show high level of interest in order to kept the current project status.
The mapping of stakeholder is a visual exercise which manually map the stakeholder and
use the tool or platform to perform actions. If they have fully mapped the stakeholder so as
require to make an effective action plan and establish relations. The stakeholder mapping is an
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essential part for success of project within Marriott hotel. In fact, many people involve large
number of stakeholder when they can easily mapped staff member and engage with them. It will
help for staff members to manage the expectation level of customers (Fossum, Binder and
Andersen, 2019).. Furthermore, engaging with key stakeholder which help for project manager to
get invaluable insights. In some situation, stakeholder will share the project in regards success of
project result or outcome. Moreover, actively engaging with stakeholder, which will increase
perception of success because stakeholders whose expectations are managed by mapping. It is
likely to perceive the project as a success.
Furthermore, stakeholder mapping can be reviewed as form of risk management and also
meeting the requirement of stakeholder. In order to reduce the risk of project failure.
PART 3
Personal development plan
It is a process or method of establishing aim and objective. Sometimes, it goes towards
the long-term achievement which only possible to develop personal development plan. On
regular basis, it can put extra efforts to improve own skills and knowledge. This will support for
achieving own personal goal.
Skill
improvement
Date I will
complete
I will achieve What
happening
now?
How will I
know that I
have been
successful
improve
Examine
I have required
to improve
communication
skill because it
always support
for establishing
coordination
with colleagues
at workplace.
My
I will improve
communication
skill within 2-3
months.
Communicating
with
colleagues.
Take online
session to
improve
understanding
skill which
support for
enhancing
Nowadays, it
is concern
about reading
journals,
books and
articles.
Taking
feedback
from other
colleagues,
mentors.
Analyse
through
online test
Self-
examined
15

communication
is quite good
but still need to
improve. In this
way, it help for
me to enhance
my own career
in hospitality
industry.
communication.
Asking for
guidance from
mentors.
Within group
activities, it is
to be
considered an
important role
which plays in
hotel industry.
Sometimes, I
have faced the
issue when any
task performed.
It became
difficult for me
to identifying
problem or
issue.
Afterwards, I
have decided to
develop own
problem-
solving skills.
I will improve
the problem-
solving skill
within 3-4
weeks.
I will attain the
seminar on
regular basis.
Participating in
various group
activities so
that I can easily
enhance
problem-
solving skill.
Currently, I
am focused
towards the
seminar to
identify the
significant
role and
responsibility.
I will build
own
confidence
level to
achieve the
goals.
Taking
feedback
from other
colleagues,
mentors.
Analyse
through
online test.
Participate
in the
group
activities
for
analysing
own result
or
outcome.
Self-
examined
I have required I will attain the I will assign Nowadays, it Taking Self-
16

to improve time
management
skill because it
always support
for manage
time to
complete the
task on specific
deadline.
Time
management
skill is quite
good but still
need to
improve. In this
way, it help for
me to enhance
my own career
in hospitality
industry.
seminar on
regular basis.
Participating in
various group
activities so
that I can
easily enhance
time
management
skill.
own task t0
manage Time
Take online
session to
improve
understanding
skill which
support for
enhancing time-
management.
Asking for
guidance from
mentors.
is concern
about reading
journals,
books and
articles.
feedback
from other
colleagues,
mentors.
Analyse
through
online test
examined
I need to bring
improvement
within
leadership
skills
I will try to
improve own
leadership skill
which possible
to achieve goal
within 2-3
months.
Visiting various
website
Attain online
training session
Reading
journals and
articles.
Currently, I
am focused
towards the
seminar to
identify the
significant
role and
responsibility.
I will build
own
confidence
Taking
feedback
from other
colleagues,
mentors.
Analyse
through
online test.
Participate
in the
group
Self-
examined
17

level to
achieve the
goals.
activities
for
analysing
own result
or
outcome.
I have required
to improve
Research skill
because it
always support
for establishing
coordination
with colleagues
at workplace.
My research is
quite good but
still need to
improve. In this
way, it help for
me to enhance
my own career
in hospitality
industry
I will try to
improve own
leadership skill
which possible
to achieve goal
within 2-3
months.
Visiting various
website
Attain online
training session
Reading
journals and
articles.
Currently, I
am focused
towards the
seminar to
identify the
significant
role and
responsibility.
I will build
own
confidence
level to
achieve the
goals.
Taking
feedback
from other
colleagues,
mentors.
Analyse
through
online test.
Participate
in the
group
activities
for
analysing
own result
or
outcome.
Self-
examined
Table: 1
In above table, I have to talk about the skills that need to be improved by using Gibb’s reflective
cycle according to project management. I have time management and leadership skill but need to
require good communication. In future, I want to enhance career in Marriott hotel so as need to
18

participate within different project process. It would help me to understand the project
management process and how I can deal during complex situation or conditions.
The Gibb’s cycle of reflection used in the project management. Initially, I have been
focused on the identifying problem or issue which evaluated for improvement. In order to make
an effective plan which make sure that achievable and measurable within specific time intervals.
Description
I have shared the experience when incident happen during business establishment. I
would like to talk about is in 10 years’ time I will open another hotel south America in Brazil
because I would like to have one hotel in London and one in Rio de Janeiro Brazil. I have
supposed to prepare poster which mainly representing the idea about business development. I
must include various products and services (Fossum, Binder and Andersen, 2019).. As I include
specific thing according to requirement of client. Because I think it is very important for
understanding overall business capabilities. The advantage of hotel open is to give tough
competition of another competitors.
Feeling
During task execution, I feared that there are lot of information require for establishment
but I will put my efforts to manage and use interactive content. They always attracting more and
more customers. Luckily, I will handle the project management by using skills which always
support for establishing relation with potential customers.
Evaluation
Although I have performed the task with group of members. They will give own
contribution to target more customer in global world. During group activities, I have been
demonstrated their interest in coordinating with other groups.
Analysis
I have identified the current situation through incident that happened during project
management. Me and my team spending so much time with discussion. I used to chat and always
identifying the result or outcome. Furthermore, I always remember the even assigned task and
examine on regular basis.
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CONCLUSION
Managing the project is based on the practice of initiating, planning, controlling and
executing the work through staff members. In order to achieve their significant goal and
objective. It has summarised about the project risk management plan which mainly include time
management that help for achieving their business goal and objective. The documentation is
mainly focused on the project implementation process which include the various theories for
executing task. Furthermore, it can be produce the personal development plan for improving
their own skill, knowledge. In order to support the enterprise in growth and development.
20

REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Ali, M., Ullah, S. and Jahanzaib, M., 2019. A RESOURCE OPTIMISATION BASED
HEURISTIC FOR RESOURCE CONSTRAINED PROJECT SCHEDULING
PROBLEM. NED University Journal of Research, 16(4).
Fossum, K.R. and et.al., 2019. Success factors in global project management. International
Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
Fossum, K.R., Binder, J.C. and Andersen, B., 2019. Success factors in global project
management. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
Hussien, A., Tucker, M.P. and Baker, T., 2019. Optimizing Project Delivery through Augmented
Reality and Agile Methodologies. Developments in eSystems Engineering 2019 IEEE
Explore.
Kovach, J.V. and Ingle, D., 2020. An approach for identifying and selecting improvement
projects. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence. 31(1-2). pp.149-160.
Nachbagauer, A.G. and Schirl-Boeck, I., 2019. Managing the unexpected in megaprojects: riding
the waves of resilience. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
Pachura, A., 2019. Talents, projects and management: attempt at synthesis. Polish Journal of
management Studies, 19.
Paton, S. and Andrew, B., 2019. The role of the Project Management Office (PMO) in product
lifecycle management: A case study in the defence industry. International Journal of
Production Economics. 208. pp.43-52.
Riis, E., Hellström, M.M. and Wikström, K., 2019. Governance of Projects: Generating value by
linking projects with their permanent organisation. International Journal of Project
Management. 37(5). pp.652-667.
Young, R. and et.al., 2019. The relationship between project governance mechanisms and project
success. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
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https://www.managementstudyguide.com/images/kotters-8-step-model-of-change.jpg>
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