Research Paper on Memory 2022

Running head: MEMORY RESEARCH 1
Memory Research
Name
Institution
Date

MEMORY RESEARCH 2
Is information remembered better when presented in a digital or paper learning environment?
Abstract
Different learning conditions have the capability to influence the performance of students in the
class. The traditional method of learning the print paper learning condition is not a favorite to
many due to its many shortcomings, such as having bulky pages thus making it difficult to use
especially in doing research. Digital learning methods, on the other hand, is very popular among
students and learning institutions due to its flexibility and effective low cost in maintaining
making it the most used in today's learning world. The evidence presented in this paper shows
that, however, unpopular the print paper learning condition, it is more powerful in delivering the
concept to the students compared to the digital screen learning condition. According to the
evidence presented in this research paper students in a paper learning condition perform better as
compared to students in a screen learning condition.
Introduction
Over the years, debates have risen to challenge the best learning presentation for students to
maximize the knowledge dispensed by the tutor or teacher. Technology has improved learning
conditions to digital by which is now more commonly used as compared to the paper learning
condition, which involves use of printed books pamphlets, magazines among others. This
research paper explores the influence of print or paper learning environment and digital learning
environment on the performance of students. The primary objective of this research project is to
investigate if the information is retained better by students when information or learning is
presented by digital means or when learning is presented in the traditional method paper
presentation (Craik, & Lockhart, 1972).

MEMORY RESEARCH 3
Studies show that before the evolution of digital learning presentations, learning was categorized
into two ways based on what drives the learner i.e., one involved the need to find specific facts
for a specific purpose to the reader and the other as concentration and determination engaged in
reading. The emerging of new technology in digital learning has improved and widened the
range of different resources in learning hence making learning more accessible to students.
Accessing learning materials using paper presentations is also very difficult as it will require one
to have copies of different books of the topic under consideration (Stone, & Wang, 2018).
In most learning institutions, normally, universities have embraced the use of digital
learning environments, which include the internet to utilize learning resources such as e-journals,
e-books, and other academic libraries, which is more cost effective compared to the printing of
books. The students benefit greatly since digital learning materials can be accessed at any time of
the day, unlike the library, which has a closing time (Green et al., 2010). Research conducted to
evaluate the performance of students who took a test in a paper condition presentation and on
students using screen digital learning platform indicate that students using paper print perform
better compared to digital learning presentations. A study conducted to investigate desire and
evaluation in a marketing company shows that consumers presented with paper pamphlets
activated their ventral striatum that activates desire and valuation in the brain, customers that
used digital presentation did not show this attribute (Cai, 2016).
A study conducted in Italy to evaluate the remembering rate among studies for a
comprehension story presented by digital means kindle and on paper. The study had 100
participants 50 of the students were given a story to read using kindle, and the remaining 50
students were presented with a story to read on paper; after complete reading, the students were
given a comprehension test on the story. The results obtained showed that students using the