Role of Culture in Organizational Effectiveness and Communication

This report explores the role of culture in improving organizational effectiveness and communication. It discusses various theories and models related to culture, the impact of culture on employee motivation, and how companies can use culture to achieve success in the retail industry. The case study focuses on Sainsbury, the second largest chain in the UK.

MG414
ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
SECTION 1- DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS THEORIES AND MODELS GATHERED FROM
SECONDARY RESEARCH...........................................................................................................3
1, Identification of culture...........................................................................................................3
2. The way culture of company lead in improving organisational effectiveness with on
communication............................................................................................................................4
3. The role of culture in employees motivation..........................................................................5
4. Evaluation of the way company can make use of culture in order to achieve its success in
retail industry..............................................................................................................................5
SECTION 2- FINDING OF RELEVANT INFORMATION RELATED TO SAINSBURY........6
RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is study of human behaviour in the company or the way various
individuals interact with each others. In another terms, it related to both individual and group
performance and activity that lead in growth and success of enterprise. Company culture plays an
crucial role in motivating and influencing employees to work hard so that it can retain its market
share in competitive advantages. This report is about Sainsbury that is second largest chain in
United Kingdom deals in hypermarket, supermarket and convenience stores. It has highlighted
crucial information related to the way culture enhance organizational effectiveness on
communication. Moreover, culture of company has lead in motivating employees thereby
enhancing overall productivity and profitability of company in retail industry.
MAIN BODY
SECTION 1- DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS THEORIES AND MODELS
GATHERED FROM SECONDARY RESEARCH
1, Identification of culture
Organisational culture refers to shared value among individual that helps in coordinating
diverse range of individual to work for achievement of end goals of organisations. It is set of
belief, values and principles shared by various employees that are performing different task in
company. In order to understand the type of culture present in company can be understand
through Handy culture model has been used which has been stated as follows:
Power culture: It is a organization culture in which power to take several decision is among
only few individual that are spread in company at different positioning. They are only key
individual that take all important decision of company, instruct and guide employees about the
way particular task will be completed (Obeidat and et.al., 2018). So, this culture that helps in
taking quick and effective decision which needs to be followed by each individual working in the
firm.
Role culture: It is another organization culture in which strict rules and regulation are made
related to the way specify task or procedure need to be completed so that end objectives can be
attained. Moreover, everyone is highly aware about its roles and responsibilities or the way

various operation will be completed (Islam and et.al., 2020). Thus, it is long chain of command
which lead in investment of more time and efforts related to taking particular decision.
Task culture: The third type of organization culture present in companies operating in retail
industry of UK is teams are made in order to address specific problem. So, it is task culture in
which mix of right mix of skills, personalities and leaderships needs to be presented for more
productivity and profitability of organisation.
Person culture: This is fourth organization culture in which each individual seems itself
superior to organization thus it is just a place for people to work. Thus, it can be stated that is it is
just collection of wide range of people in the firm.
2. The way culture of company lead in improving organisational effectiveness with on
communication
From the secondary research, it has been identified that in order to understand the way
organisation culture contribute in effectiveness and communication, Shannon and weaver model
will be used. It is the most popular model that is widely accepted by range of organisation
operating in external environment. Therefore, Shannon and weaver model can be explained as
follows:
Sender: This is first element of communication in which an individual that is sender send
information to other by making use of specific channel in order to delivered right message to
right individual at right time (Arslan and Roudaki, 2019).
Encoder: In this stage of communication, machine is used to converts message into binary data
as computer only understand binary rather than English or any other language.
Channels: This is an element which specify about different channels that sender select to
delivered message of receiver such as computer, meeting and handling a seminar.
Decoder: This is stage in which person make use of machine to convert binary data into English
language so that it can be easily understood by the receiver in the best possible manner. Thus it
translate information from binary digits to normal for better understanding.
Receiver: It can be stated that receiver is an individual that get message which is send by the
sender so that it can complete particular task in better manner (Tenzer and Yang, 2020).
Noise: This is physical disturbance while message is transmitted form sender to receiver like
people, environment etc that create barriers in sending right message to right individual in right
time.

3. The role of culture in employees motivation
Motivation is process that contribute in inspiring individuals to make the best use of their
existing skills and capabilities so that company can grow and succeed in market for longer time
frame. The secondary research has helped in understanding that organisation culture lead in
motivating employees to effectively complete their respective task so that company can enjoy
high profitability (Napier, Amborski and Pesek, 2017). So, in order to understand the role of
culture in employees motivation, Maslow needs hierarchy has been used which can be stated as
follows:
Psychological needs: These are basic requirements of each individual likewise food, shelter and
clothing in order to live better lifestyles. So, in case these needs are not satisfied than individual
is not able to function optimally.
Safety and security needs: After satisfaction of psychological needs, employees are motivated
to work when they are provided safe and secure working environment or culture. Thus, they can
easily devote their efforts in raising overall productivity of company (Budur and Poturak, 2021).
Social belongingness: The third factor which illustrate the way culture plays an important role in
motivating employees is social belongingness. As each individual wants social relationship or
friend in order to share its respective view and ideas to others.
Self esteem: The fourth stage that motivate employees is self-esteem that is organization culture
helps in providing respect and recognition to each individual. Thereby reward for
accomplishment of specific goals so that they are motivated to make more efforts for
organisation success.
Self actualization: This is the highest level of Maslow needs hierarchy in which individual
wants to get more and more opportunities in order to get higher success. So, organization culture
or facilities provided to employees to get promoted or performed higher task resulted in
motivating and influencing them to enhance their performance (De Sanctis, Ordieres Meré, and
Ciarapica, 2018). Thus, it yields in increasing overall market share of company in retail sector of
United kingdom.
4. Evaluation of the way company can make use of culture in order to achieve its success in retail
industry
From the secondary data collected, it has been identified that in recent scenario,
organisation culture is very important as it helps in motivating employees, company can easily

bring innovation in the company. Culture is components that contribute in coordinating value
and mission of company by influencing individual to work in team for achievement of end goals.
Companies operating in retail sector of United Kingdom can easily enhance its culture by
following various practices such as equal opportunities to all to grow and developed, rewarding
employees for their hard work etc. Moreover, it can attract new individual, ensure friendly and
supportive environment in organisation culture so that employees are ready to work for growth
and expansion of business (Berkovich and Bogler, 2020). Therefore, all these are major
suggestion which could be used by manager of company in order to make better culture that will
yield higher profitability and productivity to the organisation.
SECTION 2- FINDING OF RELEVANT INFORMATION RELATED TO
SAINSBURY
From the above discussion of various detailed related to type of culture in organisation it
has been understood that there are four culture present in company. Such as role, task, power and
person that helps company in coordinating diverse range of people to work in team for
achievement of common goals. It has been identified that Sainsbury manager has promoted
various type of organisation culture so that more productivity and profitability can be enjoyed by
the company. Likewise, it has power culture, in which power is distributed to senior authorities
so that they can take necessary decision, order their subordinate to perform particular task in
specific manner so that maximum outcome can be achieved. Top management of Sainsbury
make all important decision such as which task need to be completed by particular individual
within specific resources and time (Paillé and Meija-Morelos, 2019). So that Sainsbury is able to
delivered maximum value to customers in minimum cost possible for satisfaction of individual
needs. Power culture model has helped company in taking quick decision-making thereby
effective operation of several function and achievement of end goals. Thereby, flow of
information or order from top to bottom level of company has yield in smooth operation of
business and attained of end goals.
Another culture present in Sainsbury is role, in which manager has clearly defined roles
and responsibilities which needs to be completed by specific individual thus it leads in reducing
confusion and conflict among employees. Each individual knows about the way specific task can
be completed which lead in reducing wastage for time, efforts and enhance overall market share
of company in retail industry of UK. Moreover, it can be stated that effective organization

structure has helped individual is understanding to whose order them need to follow while
completing their respective task (Solomon and Brown, 2020). So, overall organization culture of
Sainsbury has yield company in enjoying and retaining competitive positioning in market by
delivering qualitative services to customers.
The research has also helps in finding that culture lead in improving organisation
effectively with an focus of communication. Such as it can be interpreted that friendly and
support culture with open communication between wide range of individual has lead in more
outcome to organisation. Sainsbury's culture has contributed in free flow of information from
higher authority to subordinate that are working in the company that has lead in increasing
profitability. Such as: The top management is responsible for sending all necessary information
to various individual working in organization (Burnes, Hughes and By, 2018). Thereby it
informs about roles and responsibilities needs to be completed by particular individual, the way
it can complete task in limited time and resources. Sainsbury senior executive has make use of
email, seminar and meetings in order to connect or inform large number of employees about the
strategies, mission and vision of company. So, it makes use of digital technologies in order to
share information about company to various employees thus it is transmitted tor encoded from
English to binary digits.
Email is most common channel that is used by employees as well as senior manager to
share their view, ideas to others. Then the information is further transmitted through making use
of computers to send necessary information to the receiver or subordinate working in the
organization. Thereby it can be stated that mostly subordinate are receiver of all information
send by top management regarding the way they have to complete particular task. The manager
of Sainsbury has taken all crucial steps to avoid noise like physical disturbance or any technical
issue so that direction can be easily transmitted to other individuals. It can also be stated that the
manager has encouraged subordinate to share their feedback regarding whether they have
understood the inform in proper manner or not (Allameh and et.al., 2017). Therefore, feedback
has yield in ensuring the right information is transferred to right individual in right time thereby
increasing overall productivity of company. Proper language has been used by manager while
communicating with range of individual that belong to different culture so that they can easily
understand and interpret the same. Therefore, healthy culture has lead in effectiveness of
Sainsbury and transfer of information from one person to another in limited time frame and cost.

Moreover, it can be discussed that culture of Sainsbury has play significant role in
motivating employees to make optimum utilization of its existing skill, knowledge and
capabilities so that company can enjoy maximum profitability. Likewise, it can be illustrated that
manager of company have ensured that all employees are provided attractive compensation,
wages and salaries and other benefits. So that their basic needs relate to clothe, shelter and food
can be fulfilled thereby they are influenced to give their best for expansion of company.
Furthermore, it has been identified that manager has ensured that it provide safe and secure
working environment to all individual so that no harm or threat to their life can be caused in any
circumstances (Meintjes and Hofmeyr, 2018). The manager has make insurances and provident
fund to employees so that they can feel secure and motivated to work coordinate for
accomplishment of desired goals. It has also make use of danger sign to inform people about
specific endanger within organisation or working place so that they can stay safe.
At the same time, manager has devoted high time, efforts and energy in order to know in
order to build social relationship among various individual that are working in enterprise.
Manager has ensured that culture of each person is valued, or they are given more respect and
recognition that has lead in better outcome for company. Sainsbury's employees are highly
inspired to adapt external changes as the culture to reward and recognized their efforts has lead
in providing more benefits to company (Berkovich and Bogler, 2020). From the study it has
evaluated that maintaining dignity and reputation of each employee working in the firm has yield
in more profitability and market share in retail industry. There is also culture of promoting
employees to higher level on the basis of their knowledge and capabilities so that they can make
the best use of available resources for achievement of last goals. So, manager by providing
growth and development opportunities to individual is able to make them feel happy and
satisfied to be part of organization. Therefore, the culture to provide equal opportunities to all
individual, listening to their problem and grievances has helped company in building strong
brand image in minds and heart of customers.
RECOMMENDATIONS
From the above discussion and analysis it can be interpreted that there are following
suggestion that could be used by Sainsbury's manager to make the best use of culture in order to
enhance growth and success of enterprise. Such as:

 Giving importance to each individual: The first and foremost thing which can be done
by manager of Sainsbury to improve culture is providing more importance to needs and
requirements of each individual (Budur and Poturak, 2021).
 Attracting new talent: Another way which could be used by organisation to improve
culture for growth of company is attracting new talented individuals in the firm. New
employees bring innovative and creative ideas that contribute company in providing
better services to existing customers.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded form above report that organization culture is significant in
improving overall productivity of company as it helps in motivating employees to work hard.
Manager has make use of different techniques and method to improve culture and coordinate
range of individual to work dedicatedly for achievement of end goals. Furthermore, it can be
summarized that company by culture has yield in better communication among wide range of
people thereby contributing in growth and success of enterprise.

REFERENCES
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