Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data - Final Report

MN691 Research Methods and Project
Design
Heartbeat Analysis
from Experimental
Data
Final Report
Puspa Dangal MIT181649
(Other not involved)
Project Supervisor Name: Dr. Amal Rhema
Industry Name: Arif System
Contact Name: Dr. Arif Jubaer
School of IT and Engineering

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 2 of 48
Trimester
1 2019
Acknowledgement
I would like to special thanks to Melbourne Institute of Technology for
providing me such a wonderful opportunity and to get experience on
industry-based project. Project is a bridge between theoretical and
practical part of a subject. This is one of our projects in master of
networking from Melbourne Institute of Technology. I also like to thank
our subject co-ordinator Dr. Savitri to provide us such a golden
opportunity to engage in this project. Similarly, our industry client Arif
system and the agent Abrar Ahmed to guide us continuously in our
project externally. Finally, I would like to thank our supervisor Dr Reza
and Dr Amal for your continuous guidance and feedback and making
project smoothly.
Industry Client Name: - Arif Systems
Contact Name: - Abrar Ahmed
Email Id: - [e-mail]
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 3 of 48
Signature of Students:
Sign your signature here
Date of Submission of Report: 01-06-2019
Contents
Acknowledgement.......................................................................................3
Abstract.......................................................................................................5
1. Introduction..........................................................................................6
2. Problem domain and research questions..............................................6
3. Background and Project Objective.......................................................6
3.1 Summary of Literature Review..........................................................6
3.2 Objectives of the Project...................................................................7
4. Project Requirements Analysis and Specification................................9
5. Project plan and preliminary design...................................................10
6. Research methods to be used for the next stage of the project.........10
7. Conclusion, limitations and future work............................................10
References................................................................................................10
Glossary and Abbreviations......................................................................12
Appendices................................................................................................12
Appendix I: Industry Client Details.......................................................12
Appendix II: Individual Literature review.............................................12
Appendix III: Assignment 1 updates summary......................................12
Appendix IV: Assignment 2 updates summary......................................12
Appendix V: ACS Core Body of Knowledge Mapping............................12
Appendix VI: Meeting log book.............................................................12
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 4 of 48
List of figures: 5.3.1, 5.4.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.3, 5.5.4, 5.5.4.1, 5.5.4.2, 5.5.5.1,
5.5.5.2, 6.3.1, 6.3.2, 6.3.3, 6.3.4, 6.3.5, 6.3.6, 4.1, 4.2
Abstract
The modern era of 21st century is depicted to the age of the innovation as
well as technology. The field of medical science have developed many
enhanced tools that tends to prevent diseases as well as take care of the
patients affected with those diseases. The technology helps the human in
this modern era to know its status regarding their own health thus curing
many diseases that might be deadly. The smart wearable technologies
that are developed by well-known organizations specifically stated as Fit
Bit, Apple Watch and many more uses the latest innovative technologies
that intends us to know about the overall cardio-health. The mentoring of
the heart beat is one of the significant tasks that this technological
innovations do. This systems are composed of the specifications provided
below:
Hardware: Arduino, sensor and some wires that will connect them [1]
Software: Object oriented programming like Java and C++ [2]
This report deals with the explanation of the procedure in regards to the
data acceptance from the human body, converting the received data into
the analogue format of data thus analysing the rate of heartbeat that are
based on the accepted digital data. Moreover, the design of this
innovated devices as well as the approaches regarding the design will be
explained in this report.
Key words: PPG, ECG, Arduino, hyperthermia, hypothermia etc.
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 5 of 48
1. Introduction
The human heart beat is depicted as a shrinkage as well as slackening of
the human heart that beats in a rhythmic body. This is identified as one
of the significant mechanism within a human body that determines the
health status by making a comparison in regards to the normal
heartbeat. The normal heartbeat of a human adult is identified to be 60-
100 beats in a single minute. However, in infants that is the children with
age group below 4 years possess the heartbeat in between 80- 120 beats
in a single minute [1]. The heartbeat of a human individual depends on
different factors such as body activities, emotions as well as physical
illness and many more [3]-[6]. In regards to the management of the rate
of heartbeat there are two specific methodologies. One being the non-
invasive and the other one being the invasive method. This report will
explain the overall analysis regarding a human heartbeat on the basis of
some experiments that uses the various non-invasive methods that are
likely to be IR pulse sensor, body temperature sensor, ECG and many
more. This depicts that the data which a human body receives via the
various approaches after that further the obtained the analogue data is
being converted to the digital format of data or analysed in regards to
the graphical form. This specific report will be divided into different
sections. The next section will deal with the discussion regarding the
issues in this domain as well as the research questions in the same
domain. Moreover, there will be a discussion regarding the background
as well as objectives in association with the project will be carried out in
section. After this discussion the objectives, background, requirement
analysis of the project as well as its specification will also be discussed in
the further parts of the assignment.
2. Problem domain and research questions
The prime aim that is to be achieved by the completion of the project is
to develop an innovated as well as enhanced heart rate monitoring
electronic device that will possess high accuracy, consumes low power,
the durability will also be high as well as it will be available in a cheaper
price. The main issues that the project may face are stated as follows:
1. How the overall data regarding heartbeat will be measured by the
monitor.
2. Which human body part will be taken into consideration for the
measurement of the heartbeat?
3. What are the prime methodologies that will help in the
measurement of the heartbeat?
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 6 of 48
4. How will the analogue data be converted into the digital form of
data?
5. How will be the digital data be analysed to measure the rate of the
heartbeat?
3. Background and Project Objective
The analysis of the heartbeat is depicted as one of the significant
mechanism which provide is with the overall knowledge regarding the
health of a human body. The heartbeat is identified as a continuous
relaxation as well as contraction of the auricles as well as ventricles
when a human individual inhales as well as exhales. The recent
innovation in the fields of heartbeat measurement devices such as Fitbit,
Apple Watch tends to record or measure the heartbeat by enhancing the
analysing the overall patient body condition. After the analysis has been
done the difference can be done if the patient have high or low pressure
regarding its blood. The significant objective of this project is to develop
the monitoring system effectively that will be capable of capturing the
variable rates of heartbeat within a patient.
3.1 Summary of Literature Review
For the development of the enhanced monitoring system the device is
said to possess significant hardware as well as software parts. The
possible hardware specifications that are necessary are identified as the
computers, sensors as well as software section comprises of the
implemented algorithm that will be concerned with receive and
conversion of data. The overall literature review will deal with the ECG,
Temperature sensor of the body as well as the IR sensor of pulse.
The mechanism of ECG is depicted as a graphical demonstration
regarding the identification as well as diagnosis of the heart activity for
any kind of heart disease. The procedure of ECG is carried out by using
the electrodes that are associated with the skin after which the device
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 7 of 48
records them that is present in the outer part of the body. This is one of
the portable devices found in this field. Moreover, the temperature
sensor is also depicted as an important device that measures the human
heart rate. The procedure followed by this device is that it makes an
analysis regarding a human heart beat on the basis of the typical body
temperature. The calculation of a human body temperature is provided
below [7]:
K = β (1/ ln (R /R0) + (β /T0))
If the temperature that is calculated is depicted to be less in respect to
the standard temperature then the patient might be affected with the
disease, hypothermia and the vice versa situation will state the person is
affected with hyperthermia.
In accordance to the above stated devices there is also a significant
device that is identified as Infrared Pulse Sensor which is developed on
the basis of the principle of photoplethysmography. This devices uses the
two procedures for the measurement of the heartbeat that are reflection
as well as refraction of light.
3.2 Objectives of the Project
The primary strategy of the intended system that is to be developed may
comprise of three significant steps:
 Using the hardware parts for recording the data within a human
body.
 The second step deals with the conversion of the analogue data
to the digital format of the data.
 Analysing the final output with the help of a computer.
Many significant technologies are there which measures as well as
analyses the heart rate of a human body. The features that the innovated
system should consider are stated as follows:
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data

MN691 Research Methods and Project Design Page 8 of 48
 The device will be easy to use as well as convenient too.
 Low-cost
 Efficient
 Portable
 The rate of calculating the heart beat will be fast
4 Project Requirements Analysis and Specification
The necessities that are identified in regards to the completion of the
project is a device that functions wirelessly and also is capable of
working on various frequencies as well as environment. The device must
be using the MICS, 433ISM as well as WMTS bands for searching the
signals in regards to the sensors present all over the body. The prime
focus within the WBAN application is to replace the node possessing the
sensors into a single physiological signal. In this respect the ECG tends
to be monitored considering the R-R intervals, respiration rate, the body
temperature as well as blood pressure of a human body, EEG. Moreover,
the three movements of the axis regarding a human body is efficiently
measured with the help of an accelerometer.
Hardware Requirement Specifications: -
- Wi-Fi Sensors
- Wireless Transceiver
- PPG sensors
- Micro Controller
- Bluetooth sensors
- Laptop
- Devices case
- Central control unit (CCU) Board
Software Requirement Specifications: -
- Programming Language that are to be C or C++
- Arduino
- Database that is associated with the storage of data
Moreover, there are certain other requirements too that will identified as
well as used as the project progresses further.
5 Project plan and preliminary design
5.1 Table of weekly activities
Week 1  Formation of Group did not happen
Project title: Heartbeat Analysis from Experimental Data