Proposal for Implementation of On the Road Mobile Charges for Electric Cars

This proposal suggests the implementation of mobile charging points for electric cars on roads and highways to address the problem of drivers facing issues while charging their vehicles. The cost benefit analysis shows positive results for the project.

Running head: PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
To
National Infrastructure Investment Authority(NIIA) Department of Motor Vehicle
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington D.C. 20500
Dear Sir/Mam
This is to draw your attention to the problems that the electric car drivers may face regarding charging their car while in the road.
These cars and other related vehicles face a problem during driving in these issues.
Therefore, I propose a method to avoid these things in the following proposal. Moreover, this carries environment friendly, the
government should be responsible for enhancing the usage of electric cars in US.
The main criteria of building an infrastructure of this cars are to implement mobile charger stations in roads as well as in highways.
This would ensure all the EVs are well equipped to operate while on the road. A level 3 charger of 480-volt DC would ensure smooth
operation and efficiency of the traveler’s timing. Though all level of chargers is essential to be implemented
The main characteristics of this infrastructure is to consider the setup cost, the maintenance cost and software package charges which
are essential for the cars.
Thank you for the services that I enjoy as a citizen of America. The infrastructure is really good in my neighborhood and thus helps us
in our everyday life. I thank you for your services sincerely.
XYZ Electrical and Electronics Installation Company Ltd.

PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Table of Contents
Executive summary..........................................................................................................................................................................3
Proposal..........................................................................................................................................................................................4
Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................................................4
Current Situation............................................................................................................................................................................................4
Project Plan.....................................................................................................................................................................................................5
Cost benefit analysis.......................................................................................................................................................................................6
APENDIX A:....................................................................................................................................................................................11
References.....................................................................................................................................................................................12
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Executive summary
The purpose of this report is to address the problem regarding the electric car vehicles and the issues they face regarding charging their
vehicle while on the road. Thus, the proposal reflects on the problem and proposes to change the infrastructural hazards in the country.
The proposal also relies upon the data on range and cost of building the infrastructure. There are different types of electric car, but a
battery operated electric car is the one that is more prone to the mobility of charges in the driving, therefore the government should
take this into consideration to include chargers in the gas stations. Moreover, the project contains the cost benefit analysis of building
the battery socket in different gas stations.
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Proposal
Introduction
The aim of this proposal is to propose the Federal Government of America to bring some change in the infrastructure to include
battery charging sockets for electric cars. The introduction of electric cars in the United States of America has created a new wave in
the already matured and booming market of automobiles in the country. The total scheme of introducing the cars is actively supported
by the Federal Government of the United States and is also hugely sponsored by private parties (Partovi, 2017). The ambitious project
started by some automobile manufacturing companies like Nissan, General Motors and Tesla have garnered colossal interest both
locally as well as internationally. The popularity of the electric vehicles thus demands a lot better infrastructure and more advanced
technologies to make sure that the ones buying them faces no problem in general. The researcher has proposed the formation of
mobile charging points in different key locations in the roads and highways so that the drivers do not face any problems while driving
(He, Yin & Zhou, 2015).
Current Situation
A battery operated electric car has initiated a new revolution in the car industry. Therefore, the big challengers in the industry have
invested in this idea to be implemented. There are many benefits of using an electric car in the road. This car is cheaper to operate for
the customers. The tax breaks of using this car are really attractive (Hendrickson et al., 2015). This requires less maintenance and
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
electric vehicles are safer. The reduction in the fuel cost and battery usages are also an additional advantage. The main criteria of the
company are to change the infrastructure of the country which helps them in using the company. There are some of the main problems
that are highlighted as below:
 The huge set up cost of the infrastructure
 Maintenance cost of installations
 Avoiding problems of software, which can be hazardous for the cars that will make the system of the car ineffective
In addition to the above situation there are few problems that need to be addressed before implementing the following scheme;
I. The enormous cost involved in the setting up of the infrastructure
II. Huge Maintenance cost of the installations
III. A software problem may be hazardous to the system and will render it ineffective
A proper formulation with the concerned authorities can be helpful to remove the barriers and step towards the future of profitable and
pollution free transportation.
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Project Plan
With the implementation of the newly developed electric car charger system there is an advertisement that must be placed in all media
and hording boards throughout the country. The advertisement campaign program will take one month on TV Channels and
newspapers. This means that we need to make an attractive videos and graphics for which we have to seek for the nationally renowned
faces and car riders. Once this campaign is completed we will have the compliance rules in effect immediately throughout the nation.
As the campaign starts going up, the chargers will be installed all around the main gas stations. Drivers will then know the procedure
through the instructions that will be posted along the side. We will hire 2 Engineers who can cover at least 5 nearby gas stations. Their
job is to make sure that the chargers are working as it supposed to be. While installing the chargers, the following considerations will
be kept in mind:
Tasks Details of the task Time
Activity1 Installing three level of charger at each gas station 2 days
Activity 2 Variety of charging capacity will be planted 2 days
Activity 3 Educating drivers Every day for 7 days
Activity 4 Revising and finalizing the project 2 days
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Cost Benefit Analysis
In this project’s cost benefit analysis contains two different cost
 Development cost
 Operating and maintenance cost
The cost of operating an electric vehicle is one of the most important factor of comparison. The main criteria of electric charger of
the vehicle is that it cannot cover a long distance after charging (Kurani et al., 2015). Electric vehicle service equipment is a solution
can be rated in speed level. Three level of charger can be installed in the gas stations. The level 1 charging is 120 volts and level 2
with 240 volts and third level is of 480 volts.
The benefits are assumed to be
 Lesser problems
 Reduction in fuel usage
Average time spent while in the charging level are
 Level 1 -290 minutes
 Level 2 -115 minutes
 Level 3 – 23 minutes
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Cost Benefit Analysis Electronic cars
Option 1: Battery socket
Sunday, January 28, 2018
Key Assumptions:
Discount Rate 8.00%
Appraisal period (years) 8 years
Summary of the Results of the Analysis:
Capital Costs $0
Whole of Life Costs $1,800,000
Present Value of Benefits $5,512,341
Present Value of Costs $1,298,391
Benefit Cost Ratio 4.25
Net Present Value $4,213,950
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Year
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Discount factor (mid-year) 0.96225 0.89097 0.82497 0.76387 0.70728 0.65489 0.60638 0.56146 0.51987
Discount factor (start of year) 1.00000 0.92593 0.85734 0.79383 0.73503 0.68058 0.63017 0.58349 0.54027
Benefit 1-minimising the
problems
$400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $700,000 $800,000 $900,000 $1,000,00
0
$1,100,00
0
$1,200,00
0
Benefit 2 <reduction of fuel cost> $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000 $100,000
Total Benefits (mid-year) $500,000 $600,000 $700,000 $800,000 $900,000 $1,000,00
0
$1,100,00
0
$1,200,00
0
$1,300,00
0
Present Value of Benefits (mid-
year)
$481,125 $534,584 $577,482 $611,092 $636,555 $654,891 $667,019 $673,757 $675,836
Present Value of Benefits $5,512,341
Cost 1 <development cost > -$100,000 -
$100,000
-
$100,000
-$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000
Cost 2 <operating and
maintenance cost >
-$100,000 -
$100,000
-
$100,000
-$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000 -$100,000
Total Costs (mid-year) -$200,000 -
$200,000
-
$200,000
-$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000
Capital Costs (at start of year) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Costs -$200,000 -
$200,000
-
$200,000
-$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000 -$200,000
Total Capital Costs $0
Total Whole of Life Costs -$1,800,000
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
Present Value of Costs (mid-year) -$192,450 -
$178,195
-
$164,995
-$152,773 -$141,457 -$130,978 -$121,276 -$112,293 -$103,975
Present Value of Costs (start year) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Present Value of Costs (by year) -$192,450 -
$178,195
-
$164,995
-$152,773 -$141,457 -$130,978 -$121,276 -$112,293 -$103,975
Present Value of Costs -$1,298,391
Net Cash Flows $300,000 $400,000 $500,000 $600,000 $700,000 $800,000 $900,000 $1,000,00
0
$1,100,00
0
Net Present Value (by year) $288,675 $356,389 $412,487 $458,319 $495,098 $523,913 $545,743 $561,464 $571,861
Cumulative NPV $288,675 $645,064 #######
#
$1,515,87
1
$2,010,96
9
$2,534,88
2
$3,080,62
5
$3,642,08
9
$4,213,95
0
Conclusion
Therefore, the average time spent by the traveler are very essential to be considered. A proper infrastructure is needed for the type of
car drivers. The infrastructural help is needed for the drivers. Therefore, all level of chargers can be installed for the electric car
vehicle users. From the above cost benefit analysis, it can be said that, as the Net Present Value of the project plan for the next 8 years
are positive, the project will be beneficial for the government as well as the common. The benefit cost ratio of project also indicates a
positive value which gives the possible outcome.
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS 10

PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
APENDIX A:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-$2
$0
$2
$4
$6 Cost Benefi t Analysis: Opti on 1
Present Value of Benefits ($million) Present Value of Costs ($million) Cumulative Net Present Value ($million)Year
Todays Dollars ($ millions)
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
References
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Haugneland, P., & Kvisle, H. H. (2015). Norwegian electric car user experiences. International Journal of Automotive Technology
and
Management, 15(2), 194-221.
He, F., Yin, Y., & Zhou, J. (2015). Deploying public charging stations for electric vehicles on urban road networks. Transportation
Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 60, 227-240.
Hendrickson, T. P., Kavvada, O., Shah, N., Sathre, R., & Scown, C. D. (2015). Life-cycle implications and supply chain logistics of
electric vehicle battery recycling in California. Environmental Research Letters, 10(1), 014011.
Kurani, K. S., Caperello, N., TyreeHageman, J., & Davies-Shawhyde, J. (2015). I am not an environmental wacko! Getting from early
plug-in vehicle owners to potential later buyers. In Transportation Research Board 94th Annual Meeting (No. 15-
5047).
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PROPOSAL FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ON THE ROAD MOBILE CHARGES FOR ELECTRIC CARS
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mobility.
Notter, D. A., Gauch, M., Widmer, R., Wager, P., Stamp, A., Zah, R., & Althaus, H. J. (2010). Contribution of Li-ion batteries to the
environmental impact of electric vehicles.
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agenda. Transportation research part D: transport and environment, 34, 122-136.
Weldon, P., Morrissey, P., & O'Mahony, M. (2016). Environmental impacts of varying electric vehicle user behaviours and
comparisons
to internal combustion engine vehicle usage–An Irish case study. Journal of Power Sources, 319, 27-38
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