1MOOD DISORDER Change process of mood disorder classification Diagnosis of mood disorders continues to pose a threat to the modern world. Mood disorders have been in existence since a long time and have been acknowledged clinically since orthodox times. Hippocrates in 400 BC and Aretaeus in 2nd century AD described the mood disorders. Mood disorders are prevalent as it is the primary concern of to more than 300 million people across the world as mood disorders are major depressive disorder. It is a disorder that accounts for around 8.2% of the global problem (Surís, Holliday & North, 2016). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) defines the modern diagnostic requirements of mood disorder and is the primary diagnostic model used in psychiatric research. DSM-5 which was established in May 2013 signifies the first publication after the DSM-4 which was published in 1994. Amendments in the DSM were mostly well-versed by the progress in neuroscience, scientific, and public health requirements, and recognized issues with the classification model and standards put forth in the DSM-4 (Surís, Holliday & North, 2016). In the new approach of DSM-5 most of the things are mostly unchanged with a few significant exclusions: an innovative evaluation apparatus for the mental conditions based on dimension measurement, a fresh structure of specifiers for the mood disorders, the introduction of few more modern-day depressive issues, and acknowledgment of catatonia as a distinct medical unit (Parker, 2014). The DSM-5 approach was formulated with an aim to reduce the margins in the DSM-IV while assembling the modern technical and experimental proof on the experiential source of mental condition(Regier, Kuhl & Kupfer, 2013). The DSM-5 approach assesses the symptoms of an individual for a two week period duration, where it evaluates two specific symptoms, depressed mood, and loss of interest or
2MOOD DISORDER pleasure. If the individual is seen be depressed almost most of the times, feels tired, feels worthless, the occurrence of thoughts of suicide, inability to think or concentrate during most of the times, then that individual will require the diagnosis for the mood disorder. DSM-5 lays another condition that these symptoms must not be arisen due to any abuse of the drug or any mental condition. Then only the DSM-5 approach will apply to the person. According to me, this is a correct approach, as it decreases that confusion that causes various hindrance. In a very general approach, mental disorders are assessed based on the behaviour of an individual and not categorizing the factors that lead to mood disorders(Shelton, 2019). If a new type of system had to be constructed for the classification of mental disorder, then new disorders can be included based on the existing evidence from neuroscience, scientific, and public health requirements, and a bunch of newly recognized disorders which were elevated in the DSM-4. Hoarding condition directs the random assortment of unusable substances, containing debris, which commonly outcomes in perilous living circumstances for patients and their relatives (Regier, Kuhl & Kupfer, 2013). Elimination of the deprivation, which was the primary reason for most of the depressive events was a contentious suggestion for the DSM-5. From the perspective of DSM-IV, people showing signs of depression were removed from analysis if also they were deprived for a long time. The objective was to inhibit people from facing sorrow due to the loss of their close one and from being mentioned as having a mental illness. Thus, the elimination of the deprivation was removed and altered with more artistic direction on the discrepancy among the indications characterizing the ordinary unhappiness and those that are signs of a clinical condition (Regier, Kuhl & Kupfer, 2013).
3MOOD DISORDER REFERENCES Kalk, N. J., & Young, A. H. (2017). Footnotes to Kraepelin: changes in the classification of mood disorders with DSM-5.BJPsych open,3(3), e1-e3. Parker, G. F. (2014). DSM-5 and psychotic and mood disorders.Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online,42(2), 182-190. Regier, D. A., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (2013). The DSM‐5: Classification and criteria changes. World Psychiatry, 12(2), 92-98. Shelton, J. (2019). Depression Definition and DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria. Retrieved 10 August 2019, from https://www.psycom.net/depression-definition-dsm-5-diagnostic-criteria/ Surís, A., Holliday, R., & North, C. (2016). The evolution of the classification of psychiatric disorders.Behavioral Sciences,6(1), 5.