Motivation Theories: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two Factor Theory

Individual
recruitment and
selection

Table of Contents
Motivation.............................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................7

Motivation
It is the process of inspiring people to action to achieve the goals and to perform best
for their abilities to create desire amongst its employees. It is the psychological event which
means to satisfy the needs and wants. It can be financial and non financial. In which non
financial motivation can be in form recognition, praise, increased participation in decision
making, give higher responsibility etc. while in financial motivation it can be in the form of
increasing wages, prizes, allowances, bonus etc. Through motivation it makes the manager
realise and fulfil the needs of the employees accordingly (Demirkol and Nalla, 2018). It
makes the best utilisation of resources by workers as they are highly motivated. It creates the
better industrial relationship between organisation and its workers and which creates
efficiency of employees. It has two types of motivation that is internal and external
motivation. In internal it helps to achieve its goals for its personal satisfaction and desire like
setting up own business. Something to do for inner enjoyment, personal satisfaction and not
for an outcome such as rewards or praises. In external motivation, it comes from outside to
motivate people like giving recognition, appraisals, fame or praise etc.
There are five motivational theories namely Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,
herzberg's two factor theory, mcclelland's need achievement theory, mcgregor's X and Y
theory and an equity theory. Two theories are discussed in detail which are maslow's
hierarchy of need theory and herzberg's two factor theory.
Maslow's hierarchy of need theory has five tier of model of human needs and wants
in a pyramid shape. It was proposed by Abraham Maslow in 1943 which contains job
satisfaction rotate around employees needs. It starts with physiological needs which is very
basic and at the bottom. It required to complete its necessary need for its survival like food,
shelter, water, clothing and sleep without them other needs cannot follow up. For example
tesco, it complete the basic needs of employees such as a place to work, a locker to keep
personal stuff safe, food allowance and fair monthly salary to its employees so that at work
place they will be highly motivated (Iwaniec and Dunn, 2020). Secondly, security needs as
there physiological needs satisfied so this need become salient. It is related to its financial
security, personal security, health and protection from accident etc. for example in context to
tesco, it provides job security to its employees, sickness leaves, pension as well as ensure its
employees at workplace with health and safety so that they focus more on its work rather than
safety. The third need of this theory is love and belongingness needs in which it includes
friendships, family, romantic attachments, religious organisations etc. It helps to avoid the