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Motive Behind Stalin's Five Year Plan - Doc

   

Added on  2021-06-17

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Running head: MOTIVE BEHIND STALIN’S FIVE-YEAR PLANMOTIVE BEHIND STALIN’S FIVE-YEAR PLANName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor note

1MOTIVE BEHIND STALIN’S FIVE-YEAR PLAN1. What were Stalin five-year plan attempting to do the economic, political and socialsystems in Soviet Union. Why did Stalin use terror to impose these new ideas and systems?The 19th century era was characterized by the implementation of plans and policies thatlooked to make the nations powerful than others. The ideologies of Nazism, Fascism andStalinism mostly focused on making the country militarily powerful even at the cost of its owncitizens1. The Soviet Union under the regime of Stalin witnessed several changes in theeconomic and political policies. Joseph Stalin, a revolutionary and the General Secretary of theSoviet Union, ruled the nation during the 1920s for almost three decades before finally expiringin 1953. After attaining supremacy of the Soviet, Stalin began to solidify his position byeliminating all the threats including Trotsky2. He made sure that he cleaned his political party,the citizens and even the army of those whom he thought to be his threat. When he was sure thathe had no opposition or threat, Stalin began to transform the Union in all spheres. One of his firstmoves was to introduce an economic policy that would take the country at the peak of politicalpower. Based on this idea, he introduced the first five-year plan in 1928 until 19323. The planlisted the economic goals created by Stalin that was based on the Socialism in One Countrypolicy. The plan launched by Stalin was referred to as the “revolution from above”4. The conceptreferred to the idea that the nation would witness revolution brought about by the elite class. Itwas designed to improve the domestic policy of the Soviet Union. The main plan however, wasfocused on rapid industrialization and collectivization of agriculture. Under the new plan, Stalin1 Kemp, Tom. Industrialization in nineteenth century Europe. Routledge, 2014.2 Sharlet, Robert. "Stalinism and Soviet legal culture."Stalinism. Routledge, 2017. 155-179.3 Fitzpatrick, Sheila. "New perspectives on Stalinism."The Soviet Union. Routledge, 2018. 135-151.4 Kolchinsky, Eduard I. "Nikolai Vavilov in the years of Stalin's ‘Revolution from Above’(1929–1932)."Centaurus56.4 (2014): 330-358.

2MOTIVE BEHIND STALIN’S FIVE-YEAR PLANwanted to rid the Soviet Union of capitalism5. His scheme was to industrialize the economy ofSoviet Union that was predominantly based on agriculture. The initial need for developing such a plan came from the increasing threats from bothinternal and external sources. In 1927, a fear of war arose when countries in the West began tocut all diplomatic ties with the Soviet Union. Great Britain was the first nation to end thediplomatic relationship it held with country6. This led to a growing fear amongst Soviet citizensthat their country might be attacked. In addition to that, the occupation of several portions of theRussian territory by foreign powers further escalated the fear. In view of all this, the need forheavy industrialization in order to increase the country’s war making ability and to confront theforeign powers began to surface. The five-year plan is a result of this need. In order to understand clearly Stalin’s main motive behind introducing the plan, it isimportant to break it down to economic, political and social systems. It was clear from theagenda of the five-year plan that it aimed to bring about new changes within the economic sphereof the country by shifting the focus of agriculture to industry. As per the new plan, the economicfocus of the country would now be directed towards manufacturing. The major reason forintroducing industrialization as an economic policy was to win wars with countries that posedany threat7. The other reason was the common notion that Soviets held, which was the efficiencyof industrialization in developing communism. Stalin knew the importance of industrialization as5 Clark, Katerina. "Utopian Anthropology as a Context for Stalinist Literature."Stalinism. Routledge, 2017. 180-189.6 Cook, Ian R., Stephen V. Ward, and Kevin Ward. "A springtime journey to the Soviet Union: Postwar planningand policy mobilities through the Iron Curtain."International Journal of Urban and Regional Research38.3 (2014):805-822.7 Gregory, Paul R.Before Command: An Economic History of Russia from Emancipation to the First Five-Year.Princeton University Press, 2014.

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