This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the huge difference in health of indigenous and non-indigenous communities in Australia. The study uses qualitative research methods to collect data from the Aboriginal and Torres Island communities. The study identifies culture, colonization, discrimination, social factors, education, and poverty as the factors contributing to the disparity in health between the two communities. The study also highlights the significance and innovation of the proposed study and the research outcomes/hypothesis. The study uses inductive research approach and content analysis method for data analysis.