Network System Administration Real and Virtual Report 2022

600
NETWORK SYSTEM
ADMINISTRATION

Abstract
A network design for the existing system is proposed and implemented using the Linux
network services. The objective includes to improve organizational services’ functionality
and behaviour. It gives a details steps to install and configure the necessary network services
such as DNS and DHCP server, SSH securing, installation of real and virtual hosts, and
firewall configuration of iptables. Moving on the report tests and assesses the proposed
network services. The report concludes by determining the working of the virtual hosts.

Table of Contents
1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................1
2. Literature Review.............................................................................................................1
3. Project Scope & Limitations............................................................................................1
4. Proposed Network Design................................................................................................2
5. Experimental Work & Analysis......................................................................................2
5.1 Installation and Configuration of DHCP Server....................................................2
5.2 DNS Server in Virtual Machine...............................................................................7
5.3 Real &Virtual Hosts Set-up....................................................................................18
5.4 Client/Server Configuration and Interactions......................................................25
5.5 Implementing Quality of Service (QoS)................................................................28
5.6 Securing SSH...........................................................................................................29
5.7 iptables......................................................................................................................34
6. Testing and Evaluation...................................................................................................36
7. Conclusion.......................................................................................................................39
References...............................................................................................................................40

1. Introduction
A network design is proposed in this report for the existing system. The purpose is to
implement the Linux network services. The aim is to improve the functionality and behaviour
of the organizational services. The proposed network requires installation and configuration
of the network services such as DNS and DHCP server, SSH securing, real and virtual hosts,
and iptables.
Background
As the network service is a combination of network functions, with unique behavior it
boosts the network’s capability. With the boom of technology the businesses are equipping
with effective measures for meeting their business requirements, such as improving the
network services, as it supports enhancement of business.
2. Literature Review
According to Scott and Laws (2010), the service industries consider networks as a
major are of study, which are the basic features of services. The service provides mainly rely
on other’s suggestion of directing their customers to a specific business; and it is difficult to
gain knowledge about the competitors and customers, which requires information exchange
via knowledge networks. The services keep fluctuating and the demand cannot be dealt
easily. The services need people to engage in business production, and results in increased
amount of small companies in the service industries, as volume increasing is highly complex
when people are involved. Therefore, due to these reasons networks service are essential.
3. Project Scope & Limitations
The scope of this project is to improve the functionality and behaviour of the
organizational services.
The limitations are:
 Needs risk security.
 Needs highly expensive set-up.
 Needs professional assistance.
1

4. Proposed Network Design
Figure 1: Network design proposed for the existing network
The below listed network services need to be updated and configured:
 DHCP server
 DNS server
 Real and virtual hosts
 Client/server
 SSH securing
 iptables firewall
5. Experimental Work & Analysis
Ubuntu is used to examine the current the network system services.
5.1 Installation and Configuration of DHCP Server
Use the command shown below to install DHCP server in Linux system (Grant,
2010):
2

Restart DHCP Server
3

Use the command shown below and Type open DHCP configuration file:
4

Use the command shown below to make changes in the DHCP configuration file.
5

Then, in DCHP configuration add the net mask address.
6

Use the command shown below to start DHCP server, followed by checking the IP address.
DHCP working conditions are checked with the help of nslookup method, where the below
given steps need to be followed:
Therefore, the DHCP server has been installed successfully in Linux system.
5.2 DNS Server in Virtual Machine
Steps to Install DNS server
Begin with the updating of Ubuntu virtual machine, followed by the required
installation.
7

Use the below shown screenshots to configure DNS server.
8

Steps to Configure Primary DNS Server
9

\
10

Steps to Check BIND Configuring Syntax
11

Steps to Restart BIND
12

Steps to Configure Secondary DNS Server
13

14

Steps to Configure DNS Clients
15

Steps to Test DNS Client
Forward zone
Reverse Zone
16

Follow these steps to test DNS configuration file.
17

5.3 Real &Virtual Hosts Set-up
Steps to Install Apache Web Server
18

19

20

21

22

Now, it is time for the creation of new virtual host file, which is required to be copied into the
first domain (Edwards, 2013):
# sudo cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
/etc/apache2/sites-available/ubuntu.biz.conf
By using nano it is possible to open a new file.
# sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/ubuntu.biz.conf
23

Do required changes in a configuration file, then save.
Go to the below shown link,
The results show that this virtual host is working (See above figure).
Go to https://debian.edu, and it shows that virtual host is in working condition (See below
figure).
24

5.4 Client/Server Configuration and Interactions
Steps to Configure DNS Clients
25

26

27

5.5 Implementing Quality of Service (QoS)
The QoS policies are inherited by the ports that lacks any such policies.
bw-limiter is created in admin tenant.
Configure bw-limiter’s policy rules.
28

Configure neutron port to implement bw-limiter policy.
Use the below provided command to proceed QoS rule reviewing.
5.6 Securing SSH
Steps to Install SSH
Begin with updating Ubuntu virtual machine. Next, proceed with installation.
29

30

Steps to Configure SSH
31

32

33

5.7 iptables
Use the commands shown below for viewing the current iptables’ rules.
34

The iptables helps to include rules to the permitted inbound traffic, and assists in
tracking connection status. Make use of the commands shown below and complete
connection establishment.
To make the rules permanent, choose package, iptables-persistant, and it will ensure
saving and restoring iptables.
35

Press the option Yes for saving the configuration.
6. Testing and Evaluation
DNS Test
Forward zone
Reverse Zone
36

Steps to test the DNS configuration file
37

Steps to test DHCP
DHCP working conditions are checked with the help of nslookup method, where the below
given steps need to be followed:
Therefore, the DHCP server has been installed successfully in Linux machine.
Steps to test Virtual Server
Now, it’s time to assess important verification like verifying the working conditions
of the virtual hosts. Type the following ping command to do the needful.
Go to the below given link,
And the results show that this virtual host is working (See below figure).
38

Go to https://debian.edu, and it shows that virtual host is in working condition (See below
figure).
7. Conclusion
A proposed network design for the existing system is implemented using the Linux
network services. The objective of improving the organizational services’ functionality and
behaviour is achieved. All the steps to install and configure the necessary network services
such as DNS and DHCP server, SSH securing, installation of real and virtual hosts, and
firewall configuration of iptables are provided. The last part of the report tests and assesses
the proposed network services and has determined that both the hosts are in working
condition.
39

References
Edwards, C., 2013. Instant Ubuntu. Birmingham: Packt Publishing.
Grant, R., 2010. Ubuntu For Non-Geeks. San Francisco: No Starch Press.
Scott, N. and Laws, E., 2010. Advances in service networks research. The Service Industries
Journal, 30(10), pp.1581-1592.
40