Assignment on Explain about Neurological and Musculoskeletal

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NURS 6501
Student’s name:
Institutional:

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Explain both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes of why the
patient presents these symptoms.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) generally affects the neurons in the nervous system (Caviness, 2014).
This damage and neural deaths in various parts of the body leads to the development of various
related symptoms. The 67-year-old male patient is experiencing such symptom as impaired
movement and balanced. This is as a result of the loss of dopamine-producing neurons found in
the substantia nigra pars compacta (Gröger, Kolb, Schäfer, & Klose, 2014). The patient required
help to rise from bed, had uneven gait and even shuffles when he walks with the head/neck, hips,
and knees flexed forward. The patient portrayed a cogwheeling or jerky movement. The cells
that control movement would not send proper messages to the muscles due to lack of dopamine;
hence the patient demonstrates tremors in the hands at rest and fingers exhibit "pill-rolling"
movement.
Moreover, he experienced episodes of sweating and flushing not associated with an activity. This
is as a result of damage by of the autonomic nervous system which controls such functions. The
musculoskeletal processes are also affected by the PD since it causes rigidity. Rigidity in PD
alters the flexor and extensor muscles can interfere with movement (Takakusaki, 2017). This
explains the stiffness experienced by the patient and also the immobile mask-like face.
Explain how the highlighted processes interact to affect the patient.
These processes, therefore, interact to affect the patient in various ways. For example, the
rigidity can alter communication since the masked face appearance will make others unsure of
the emotional reaction that the patient exhibit during communication (Bantjes, 2017). The patient
will therefore find hard communicating even with the spouse. This may cause unstable