NHS Leadership and Management

This document discusses the importance of leadership training and development in the NHS Leadership Programme. It explores the concepts of transformational and contingency leadership styles and their effectiveness in improving organizational performance. The document also highlights the individual and organizational benefits of the NHS Leadership Programme.

NHS LEADERSHIP
AND
MANAGEMENT
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TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Literature review..............................................................................................................................3
Transformational leadership........................................................................................................3
Contingency leadership style.......................................................................................................6
LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME........................................................................8
Importance of leadership training and development...................................................................8
NHS Leadership Programme.......................................................................................................9
Effectiveness of Leadership Programme...................................................................................10
Individual and Organisational Benefits of the NHS Leadership Programme............................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
Leadership can be defined as the process of motivating individual and group of members
to give high efforts towards gaining common objective. In other word, the ability of the leader to
command their subordinate towards defined goals. Leader perform essential role within company
because they inspire staff to give high performance at workplace so that easy to get desirable
prospective within business. Apart from this, leader helps individuals to determine their
weaknesses and strengths so that they concern and improve their weak area. Leader adapts
different types of leadership style as per the situation and sets clear vision for organization which
supports staff as well to perform in right direction. the main objective of the leader to give best
services within company by improving employees performance and establishes good relationship
between management and staff which leads healthy working environment, while management
refers as the procedure of manage people within organization. They perform various roles such
as planning, organizing, executing, decision-making, motivating, controlling and coordinating
within business. The main objective of HR to lead high profitability within company by applying
strategic decision in different situations. Management and leader work together for taking
effective decision and to keep hope for achieving expected outcomes. whenever company
organize leadership development program that use academic theory model to enhance
effectiveness of program within company. The academic theory model i.e. transactional,
transformational, behavioural, charismatic leadership style etc. helps leader to engage with team
and learns them how to stress management and maintains it’s wellbeing and give high
performance in different situation.
The brief study of the report supports to understand significance of leadership and
management. It contains different academic theories which assists to understand leadership and
management. The report includes leadership development program which is proposed by NHS
leadership academy.
Literature review
Transformational leadership
As per the views given by Sow and Aborbie, (2018) transformation leadership is among
the key leadership approach follow by leaders in corporate houses. Transformation leadership
also considerers as the modern leadership approach apply by leaders in companies.
Transformation leadership emphasis on implementing necessary changes in the organisation
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structure of company to improve the growth potential of company in target market. This
leadership approach drives the transformation process of the company. This leadership approach
supports making positive changes in company so that better operational efficiency can be
achieved by the company management and employees. Corporate sector considers as the volatile
sector which also allows high level of market competition in all the sectors involved in business
environment. Author has indicated that in transformation leadership enables company
management to take competitive advantages in the target market with the support of positive
changes in the organisation structure. Changes make with the support of transformation
leadership style strengthens company’s capabilities in respect to taking competitive advantages
in the potential market sector. In order to make changes leaders assess various aspects like
market needs, customer’s expectations, industry requirements, organisation capabilities and other
factors. As the leaders utilise the concepts of transformation leadership in order to take the
competitive advantages of company in market by making necessary changes. The term
transformation itself indicates about improving the capabilities of the company in respect to
meeting consumers needs and expectations.
As per the opinions given by Uhl and Gollenia, (2016) Transformation leadership is
defined improving the capabilities and strengths of the company by introducing significant
changes. Transformation leadership is all about analysing the requirements of the market and
also to evaluate the future expected needs of the sector and based on the analytical review.
Changes introduce under transformation leadership Drives Company to improve the
compatibility of the company in the potential market sector. Author has guided that the concept
of transformation leadership involves factors like intellectual stimulation, individualized
consideration, inspirational motivation and idealized influence. All the decisions take by leaders
of company in regards to change management in company based on the analytical review of all
the components involve in transformation leadership.
As per the thoughts of the Sanford and et.al., (2019) transformational leadership style
comprises with different components such as intellectual stimulation and other. Intellectual
stimulation drives leaders of company to challenge the existing status of the company. This
component also drives leaders to approach change management process of company with the
support of creativity and innovation. Creativity play huge role in improving the capabilities of
companies and also the growth potential of organisation. Based on the analysis conducted by
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Gathondu, Nyambegera and Kirubi, (2018) individualised consideration is the another
component involved in the transformation leadership style. Author has indicated that this
component involves in transformation leadership drives leaders to take opinions of all the human
resources associated with the company. This leadership indicates that employee’s are among the
crucial resources organisation posses in order to entertain growth potential in target market. With
the support of company’s employees company management can drive the operations of the
company in right direction.
As per the opinions stated by McGuire and Palus, (2018) transformation leadership style
comprises with different factors and components. Inspirational motivation considers as the
crucial component involve in the transformation leadership style. This component is considered
as the crucial component involves in transformation leadership style as it drives the motivation in
organisation. Leaders must inspire all the employees of company to perform efficient and
productive operational functions. Leaders’ must lead from the front by setting example for all the
human resources of the company. Motivation also a huge role leader’s play in companies.
Transformation leadership drives leaders to motivate all employees of company to deal with the
transformation process of the company. As per the author stated that leaders must implement
change in the company as per the needs and requirements of the company. In order to motivate
employees in regards to the adoption of change leaders must convey the advantage of the change
to all employees.
As per the views of Jones and et.al., (2019) idealised influence is among the crucial
component involve under transformation leadership. This component indicates that leaders set
example by introducing changes in the company based on the needs with the support of the
outcomes of the transformation process. Transformation leadership play huge role in the growth
and development process of the company. As this leadership style drives company to acquire
effective change in the organisation structure of company. As the author has stated role of
leaders under transformation leadership is not restricted only to introducing the reliable change
but also to implement the change in the organisation structure. Leaders needs to take part in each
activity involve in change management process under transofr4mtaion leadership.
As per the opinions given by Gonzalo and et.al., (2020) transformation leadership style
is among the key leadership styles follow in corporate houses. Transformation leadership
indicates that leaders role in the company is only restricted to managing all operational functions
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of the company or also to deal with any issue associated with the company. As per the view of
author apart from all the above mentioned role leaders also play huge role in the transformation
process of the company. Transformation is all about making significant changes in the
organisation structure of company so that company can improve the growth potential in the
target market. Leaders make plenty of changes like technological advancement, infrastructure
development and other suitable changes as a part of the transformation leadership style. All the
charges introduce under the leadership style provide competitive advantage to company not only
in current business context but also in respect to the future needs of the company. Many
companies have achieved immense growth opportunity as a result of transformation leadership.
Author has also indicated that creativity and innovation is among the crucial tool drives the
decision making of the leaders in transformation leadership style. Leaders’ needs to analyse
about all the associated factor s of company like capabilities of company, need of target market,
future expected requirements of customers, growth rate of company and other associated factors
while making decision under transformation leadership style.
Contingency leadership style
As per view of Sosa, (2017) contingency theory is best leadership theory that can be
used by leader in order to motivate and influence various individual within firm. It stated that no
single method can be used to influence various individual that are working with firm as they
have different perception, view, and ideas. At the same time it also depends upon various internal
and external factors that affect operation and performance of firm such as organisational
structure and culture of people. This theory stated that leaders should choose appropriate
leadership style and techniques as per need of situation. As per view of author some employees
get motivated to perform to their maximum when they are provided particular work environment
whereas other are motivated in other. Therefore leader has to effectively choose various
leaderships style in order to enhance performance of employees and achievement of company
goals. The author also explains that environment and need of people changes continuously so it
is duty of leader to analysis and evaluated various factors and formulate attractive and innovative
technology to satisfy need and preference of individual. This theory emphasis on two main
factors that are leaders personality and situation in which leaders operate its function. Task
motivated and relationship motivated are two main strategies of contingency that can be used by
leader to motivate employees to put their extra efforts for growth and success of firm. Leader by
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building strong relationship with various individual that are working within firm able to provide
good working environment and meet needs of individual. It helps in adaptation of various
changes such as recent trend in technology, government policies and customers preference by
motivating employees. Leader by analysing recent trend can plan techniques that can motivate
various people such as rewarding and recognising effort of individual through use of social
media. It act as a positive motivators as social media is used by most of the people and it helps in
gaining quick publicity and satisfying needs of employees. Some employees are motivated by
socialism them leader has to provide good working environment and build effective
interrelationship among employees so that they can be motivate to work hard for growth and
success of firm.
As noted by Schnegg, (2017) contingency theory is concept of various situation such as
organisational structure, culture, belief and value of people that are working within firm to attain
common objectives. Leader by encouraging view, ideas and opinion from subordinate able to
create feeling of belongingness and motivate employees to bring new ideas and innovation so
that firm can gain competitive advantages. It also helps in building trust, loyalty and confidence
among employees to improve its performance and productivity for achievement of organisational
goals. Task structure is another situation context that need to be considered by leader while
operating its function in order to get maximum output. Leader by clearly defining roles and
responsibilities of each employee within firm reduce chance of confusion and overlapping thus
promotes company growth and success. Definite organisation structure also helps leader to
easily assign various responsibilities and bring various changes so that need of people can be
meet within limited time and cost. As per author leader by using contingency leadership theory is
able to bring continuous innovation in technology and products so that company can increase its
brand image and market share. Therefore it can be illustrated that contingency theory includes
various factors such as size of organisation, operation activities, various strategies and
technological development within industry. Leader have to formulate strategies as per
organisational size such as if company has large number of employees than definite structure
should be provided so that they can effective coordinate and cooperate with each other for
common goals. Whereas for small organisation company can have indefinite organisation
structure so that employees can easily communicate with each other and build close relationship
with customers. So it can be illustrated that all such factors are important for leader to plan
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effective strategies in order to enhance performance and productivity of employees and
achievement of organisational goals.
As illustrated by Holt, (2017) there are various advantages of contingency leadership that
helps leader to effectively motivate other people and achievement of organisational goals. It is
effective technique that can work in dynamic environment to influence various individual to
adapt to various change in environment. Employee of company can be easily influence to use
innovative technology so that quality of products can be improved and wastage production can
be minimised for maximisation of profitability. At the same time contingency helps in growth
and development of both employee and leader of company as no same technique is used to
operate various function within firm. Company can easily take competitive advantages by
effectively utilising various opportunities that are available in the industry and meet need of
unsatisfied people. Various skill are developed in leaders such as decision skill and interpersonal
skill, ability to analysis various situation and formulate appropriate strategies for company goals.
Various advantages illustrate that contingency is best leadership style as it can meet need and
demand of different individual and work in dynamic environment thus helps company in gaining
competitive advantages.
As per view of Murray and Spriggs, (2017) it had various disadvantages such as it is
complex method to motivate large number of employees. As such this theory is simple and easy
but in practical manner it is difficult to implement. There are various situations that are out of
control of user so it is unable to formulate appropriate and right strategies to induce individual to
perform various activities as per guidelines and instruction of leader. At the same time
contingency theory has not describe appropriate path that can be used by leader to manage
different people within firm. Therefore all such limitation state that leader should choose
contingency theory after considering all such negative effect that impact on company operation
and function.
LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
Importance of leadership training and development
It is very important to have the right set of leaders in the company so that the
organization or business can function smoothly and effectively. The leaders make sure that the
employees of the company are not having pressure on them and are being able to have a lot of
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benefits from the organization (Lopes, 2019). The leaders also make sure that the working
environment of the employees is healthy and safe for them to work in and there should be an
understanding between them so that the functioning and productivity of the business is no
affected. There has to be a lot of knowledge and skills in the leaders so that they can understand
and have an effective functioning for themselves which is going to be very helpful.
The leaders have to motivate the employees from time to time and make sure that they
are being treated fairly in the company so that they can give their best in the industry. There are
incentives, rewards, etc which can be given to them from time to time so that the performance of
the leaders can be better and the company can get the best outcome. There has to be team work
in the company so that the work can be completed faster and better because there is an exchange
of knowledge as well when there is team work involved. Training has to be given the employees
so that the standard of the company also can be met and the company will be able to maintain
their products and customers in the market.
NHS Leadership Programme
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson is a programme which is available at NHS leadership training
and development programmes and this is going to be discussed in the further report. This is a
programme of 24 months of part time with is provided to the seniors and focused on the
leadership in a health care service setting (Douglas, 2017). This is a programme which is set up
so that the candidates can be prepared emotionally, physically and mentally for the stress which
has to be faced as a leader of a health care organization. There is a lot of knowledge which is
required by the candidates and there are a lot of situations which can rise in the organization
which the leaders have to deal with and those have to be tackled well so that there is a better
functioning of the company. The candidates have to improve the environment and the
functioning of health care organization and if they are not trained well then that will create a lot
of issues for the organization which is being taught to the candidates at Elizabeth Garrett
Anderson. There is a better learning of the candidates and they learn to make interrelationships
professionally, understanding improves, memory is worked on, etc which is a very important
factor for the leaders of the company (Kline, 2019). Elizabeth Garrett Anderson programme is
designed by a professional so that they can help the others who need this programme for their
growth in this industry. They have to be prepared for the challenges and working of a leader in a
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healthcare industry from before so that they can give their best and not make the working
complicated.
Effectiveness of Leadership Programme
The programme welcomes people who are interested and who have knowledge in this
field so that they can make the programme a success in the business of healthcare industry. The
programme only accepts those students who are clinical or non clinical professionals in the field
of healthcare industry and who are middle or seniors as well (Whitby, 2018). These candidates
are also required to possess UK honours degree and the score in that should be minimum 2:2 and
above to be qualified to be a part of this programme. These are a very important factor which
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson programme is particular about because they are dealing with a
healthcare industry and there can not be any mistakes in this industry since the persons life’s are
in the hands of the leaders and the organization. This is a reputational factor which the
programme is very sure about the candidates they choose so that they can make the most in this
industry.
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson programme helps the people to grow personally and
professionally which is a very important factor for the candidates and necessary for an industry
like healthcare organization. There are seven individual study models which the candidates need
to study in the 24 months programme and those studies are on skills, behaviour, knowledge,
attitude. These factors have to be understood and controlled in an organization especially in a
healthcare industry because there has to be a maintained of the internal environment so that the
patients can get the best so that they recover faster. The candidates have to use their learning,
past and present experience in the situation they face so that the best of results can come out and
they also have to put in 15 hours of studies in completing the course. There are multiple themes
as well in the organization which are self, team and organizational leadership which the training
and development of leadership is given to the candidates by Elizabeth Garrett Anderson
programme (Hartley, 2016).
There are various methods and techniques which are used and taught to the candidates so
that there is a better understanding of the candidates. There is online tutoring as well and a lot of
exposure which is provided to the candidates which is a very good factor for the candidate for
the growth in this field as a leader. There is a proper distribution which is done in this
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programme which is that 50% of the studies are practical, 30% is academics, online learning and
other assignments and 20% is face to face development through workshops and other training
activity.
After this programme the seniors are ready to become the leaders in a healthcare industry
which is the planned and learning outcome of the programme (Boyd, Nelson and Shawhan,
2016). There is going to be a positive and safe experience of the healthcare and the individuals
which are going into this industry. The patients are also going to have a better experience
because there are a lot of changes which these leaders of the programme can get which is going
to be very helpful for a long run of the company. There are the best frameworks which can be
used by the leaders who are trained well and the situation can be dealt with professionalism
which is a very important factor for the company.
Individual and Organisational Benefits of the NHS Leadership Programme
There are a lot of benefits which individuals and organizations have because of Elizabeth
Garrett Anderson which are as follows.
Individual’s Benefit:
 Within a health care industry the individuals learn the effective leadership styles from
experts which use new and innovative techniques and methods so that they can be a
senior leader in the healthcare organization.
 There is learning of team work and the right knowledge about the industry in which they
want to grow themselves which is a very important factor. The overall performance of the
individuals can be improved because of this factor and that is going to make the industry
have a lot of profit.
 There is an experience which is added to the individuals and that can make the
individuals have a better understand and improve the operations of the health care.
 The environment of the organization will be improved and that is going to be very good
for a long run of the company. There is a framework which can be used in each situation
so that the operations can take place in a better way possible so that the company can
achieve their goals.
 The pressure will reduce as a leader if the working is known and skilled by them of their
role in the industry (Rizan and Das, 2018). The knowledge should be strong and that can
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make the individual have less stress and emotional and psychological resilient will not be
present.
Organization’s Benefit:
 There is better planning which can be done in an organization and that will have a
positive impact on the operations of the organization.
 The resource planning and the skills of the employees will be used in a better way so that
the company can have a lot of profit and that will make the industry grow faster.
 There is a culture which will be followed in an organization if there is an effective leader
in the organization so that there is a better functioning.
 There will be team work in the organization and conflicts will be less which will make
the operations of the industry takes place faster and effectively (Elliott, 2017).
 The obstacles in the organization will be removed and the functioning will be better and
the satisfaction of the patients will be improved because of an effective leader in the
industry.
CONCLUSION
The brief study of the report supported to understand different roles and responsibility of
leadership and management. The report has been concluded similarities and differentiation of
leadership and management such as HR management played several operations i.e. recruitment
& selection, punishment & rewards, coordinating & controlling, developing vision &
implementing decision etc. within business. In addition, leader performed different roles from
management such as motivator, task assigner, strategist, decision-maker, team player, problem-
solver within organization. Combination of leadership and management helped business to raise
goodwill of company in the business market and developed healthy atmosphere within
workplace. this report has been summarized about leadership development program which set by
management and leader in the NHS academy. This program focused on the leadership in health
care services and guided candidates how to stress management. Effective leadership style also
used in the leadership development program to understood how to become good leader. There
are various techniques and methods are applied to measure candidates learning skills. Leadership
development program was not only supported individual person to improved their skills but also
assisted organization to give better planning for the future. the report has been summarized
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benefits of program for individuals and organization.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Boyd, A., Nelson, A. and Shawhan, K., 2016. Evaluation of the NHS Leadership Academy
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Elliott, N., 2017. Building leadership capacity in advanced nurse practitioners–the role of
organisational management. Journal of nursing management. 25(1). pp.77-81.
Gathondu, P. G., Nyambegera, S. M. and Kirubi, M., 2018. Influence of trust as a
transformational leadership outcome on performance of staff in the microfinance
institutions in Kenya.
Gonzalo, J. D. and et.al., 2020. General Internists as Change Agents: Opportunities and Barriers
to Leadership in Health Systems and Medical Education Transformation. Journal of
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Holt, H.D., 2017. Physician Joint Ventures and Performance: The Contingency Impact of
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Jones, W. and et.al., 2019. UNH UNBIASED: Leadership Development and Policy Change to
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Sow, M. and Aborbie, S., 2018. Impact of leadership on digital transformation. Business and
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Tsolka, A., 2018. Contingency and Situational Approaches to Educational Management.
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