Challenges in Related to Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Challenges in Related to Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 1
Challenges in Related to Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
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Challenges in Related to Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons 2
Introduction
The proliferation of nuclear weapon is a threat to the planet. The move to deter growth of
nuclear weapon is faced with several challenges. The mission to deter nuclear proliferation seem
to be heading nowhere. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, if some had been able to feed the hope
of a post-nuclear world, this illusion will have lasted a little less than ten years. While the 1990s,
still in the shadow of the Cold War, had been marked by an unprecedented effort at global
nuclear disarmament, the years 2000 and 2010 were characterized by the increase in the number
nuclear weapons and by modernizing their arsenals. This period has been classified as a second
nuclear age (Sridharan, 2005 p. 97).
The expression nuclear second age is intended to describe a situation altered by two
phenomena: the existence of new nuclear actors and the emergence of new threats that lead to re-
interrogating the credibility of deterrence. Indeed, proliferation increases, objectively and
subjectively, the accidental or intentional risks associated with the possession of nuclear
weapons. Moreover, the logic of nuclear deterrence is today relativized, bypassed or confined by
a whole series of new security challenges: cyber defense, terrorism, the use of force in
asymmetric conflicts (Kenneth and Scott 2002).
As the discovery and dismantling of the Abdul Qadeer Khan network in 2004 has shown,
nuclear technology, formerly jealously guarded by a few states that intended to control access to
it, is now within the reach of any country. or even any scientific entity that has been little
developed.
Today, the world comprises nine nuclear states: The United States, China, North Korea,
France, India, Israel, Pakistan, Russia and the United Kingdom. Contrary to some claims, the