Fever and Contamination: Understanding the Interplay
Added on 2019-10-30
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Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENTNursing assignmentName of the student:Name of the University:Author’s note
1NURSING ASSIGNMENTQuestion 11.Tetanus is a severe medical condition marked by an infection that is caused by the rodshaped bacterium Clostridium tetani. In the present case, Mary has increased chances ofdeveloping the infection caused by this bacterium due to her wound suffered whiledigging manure at the rose garden. The spores of this bacterium are commonly found inthe external environment, mostly, soil, manure and dust. Infection with the spore of tetanibacterium is a serious concern as tetanus, or lockjaw, as it is commonly called, is thesevere condition in which the person infected with the disease suffers spasms, oftenleading to bone deformation. Others complications include difficulty in swallowing withan increase in heart rate and severe headache. The mortality rate of this disease is 10%across the globe (Prescott et al., 2014). 2.The importance of the tetanus booster has been indicated in the Australian ImmunisationHandbook. The main rationale behind the administration of the booster to Mary isprevention of the onset of the disease in the individual. It is known that such a boostervaccine is effective in preventing the infection in someone who has suffered a puncturewound. The puncture wound in Mary is the 4cm cut in the right calf(immunise.health.gov.au, 2017). Question 2:2.1. Mary sustained a dip cut in her right calf while digging manure into her rose garden.The inspection of her wound in the medical center showed that wound edges were red and hot totouch, surrounding tissues were swollen and purulent discharge was coming out from the wound.It can be said that above wound observation is a sign and symptoms of any clinical issue. This is
2NURSING ASSIGNMENTbecause sign is an objective evidence of disease, which can be detected by patients as well asother person, whereas symptom is the subjective evidence of disease which is experience bypatients alone. Hence, this sign will act as clue to identify the most likely diagnosis of clinicalissues in patient.2.2 The first wound observation was that Mary’s wound were red and hot to touch. Thephysiological basis of this wound observation is that redness or hotness was seen due toinflammatory response to injury. Inflammation was triggered in Mary’s body when she sustainedinjury to her calf. This may also occur by intense heat, infection and physical trauma. Thedilation of the arteriole resulted in increased blood flow to the injured area and consequentlysigns of redness and heat (Marieb & Hoehn, 2016). Hence, inflammation alerts immune responsewhich is indicated by signs of redness, pain and heat in patient’s body.2.3 The second wound observation for Mary was swollen tissues around the wound.Manifestation of this sign can also be explained by the phenomenon of inflammatory response toinjury. Any tissue injury triggers release of inflammatory chemicals like histamines. This in turnacts to increase the capillary permeability and formation of exudates. The protein rich fluidaccumulated in tissues spaces around the wound, which results in swelling of the area and pain inaffected person (Marieb & Hoehn, 2016). Therefore, Mary’s wound had swollen because of thisreason. 2.4 The third wound observation for Mary was purulent and odorous discharge from wound.Such wound drainage is caused by dilation of the blood vessels during the early stage ofinflammatory response caused by the presence of bacteria in the wound. Odour in such woundsis seen because exudates contains dead cells and necrotic debris (Marieb & Hoehn, 2016).
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