Evidence Based Practice Nursing Assignment on Diabetes Mellitus and Sports Activity

This nursing assignment discusses the effect of sports activities with educational sessions to change the lifestyle and decreasing the risk of diabetes mellitus compared to only educational sessions. It utilizes evidence based practice and its seven steps to find, critically appraise and implement its findings in the health promotional practices to improve the health condition of teenagers.

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
\Author note

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Introduction
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and life threatening condition, in which the body loses its
ability to utilize or produce insulin or decreases its efficiency (Dabelea et al., 2017). In Australia,
more than 1.7 million individuals have been diagnosed as affected with diabetes. As per the
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2019) more than 2200 teenagers were diagnosed with
diabetes in the year 2012, and hence it has emerged as a critical challenge for the government to
prevent it emergence.
There are evidences that indicate towards the implementation of sports activity among
teenagers affected with diabetes as it helps to improve their physical and psychological health
and controls the glycemic balance to improve their growth and development (Colberg et al.,
2016). Majority of the teenagers associated with diabetes are found to be associated with obesity
and sedentary lifestyle.
Therefore, the primary aim of this paper is to understand the effect of sports activities
with educational sessions to change the life style and decreasing the risk of diabetes mellitus
compared to only educational sessions. Henceforth, utilizing the evidence based practice and its
seven steps to find, critically appraise and implement its findings in the health promotional
practices to improve the health condition of teenagers.
PICO question
Population Intervention Compare Outcome
Teenagers with the risk
of diabetes mellitus
Implementation of
sports activity with
educational seminars
Only educational
seminars
Reduced risk of diabetes
mellitus and improves
lifestyle

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The question: For teenagers does the use of sports activities along with educational
seminars compared to educational seminars alone on life style changes reduce the risk of
diabetes mellitus?
Evidence based practice
To collect the evidences from recent literatures, research articles that implemented the
sports activities and educational sessions as a unit against diabetes mellitus in teenagers was
selected. In a recent literature by Riddell et al. (2017), researchers included educational seminars
with vigorous aerobics activity per week so that physical activity and balanced body mass could
be achieved in the subjects. Further, they were also provided with adequate knowledge of
hypoglycemic index, loss of glycemic balance and importance of physical activity to prevent and
control their diabetic condition. Further, the second evidence which would be included in the
research that discusses about the implementation of physical activity as it helps to improve the
blood circulation, thereby determining the decrease in blood glucose level and helps to manage
the condition in teenagers that are affected with diabetes or has the higher risk of acquiring the
disorder (Colberg et al., 2016). With these research articles, the report published in New York
Times (2014), will also be included in the paper that discusses about the combination of sports
and education together for the improvement of diabetes condition among students. Further, this
report also mentions that schools and educational institute should implement health promotional
strategies so that education and physical activity could benefit the students having higher risk of
diabetes effectively. Besides these, research of MacMillan et al. (2016) would also be included in
the process that aims to understand the perception of type 1 diabetes and sedentary lifestyle
among youth and then discusses it with their parents and healthcare professionals to include sport
activities to control the situation. Research of Quirk et al. (2014) would also be included to

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understand the effect of randomized and non-randomized physical activity associated
intervention in improving the condition of teenagers affected with diabetes would also be
considered while developing and implementing the evidence based practice in health promotion.
Critical appraisal
The research of Colberg et al. (2016) effectively determined the physical activity and
sports to control or prevent several type of diabetes including the diabetes mellitus. In the course
this research provided details of type of exercises such as aerobics, resistance exercises,
flexibility and balance related exercise such as yoga in managing the increased body mass weight
and its importance in reducing the risk of diabetes in teenagers. However, the research did not
mentioned the limitations of the process which is associated to the joint and bone health and
which had the capability of inducing bone fractures.
The news article published in the New York Times (2014), indicated towards the
successful implementation of physical and educational sessions for the growth and development
of children and provide them with awareness about the life threatening disease in their
educational facilities so that these educational leanings could develop their quality of life.
However, these ideations provided did not specifically improve the students with diabetic
condition but was a general and overall perspective for implementation of these sessions in
schools to provide children with extracurricular activities. Therefore, the application of this
evidence could be used for the importance of physical activity for growth and development of
children irrespective of their diabetic condition.
Besides these articles by MacMillan et al. (2016), clearly identifies the requirement of
physical activity to maintain and prevent the diabetic condition among teenagers who are leading

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sedentary or less active life style. This was an important approach as the research showed the
changes in the lipid profile, body composition and body mass related balance which is reinforced
in the patient’s body through increased patients activity. Therefore, this research and its
evidences will be used to amend and then implement with the educational sessions so that
teenagers and their perspective about sport and nutrition could be identified.
Implementation and evaluation
Educational interventions are effective means through which healthcare education could
be provided to the patients and improvement in their ailment could be achieved. However,
teenagers who are affected with risk of diabetes should be provided with both educational
sessions about the disorder prevention and physical and sports activity schedule so that with the
help of these activities glycemic index and blood sugar levels could be managed (Jensen et al.,
2015). As per Hagger et al. (2016), implementation of these activities should start within the
educational institutes as in that environment and in the presence of their peers, they will be able
to achieve maximum activity. Further, in the vigilance of teachers and parents, they will be
secured, safe and will be less stressed about their health condition. Further, as per the research of
American Diabetes Association (2016), the teenagers should be educated about their risk of
diabetes and then should be provided with detailed physical and pharmacological intervention so
that with increased physical activity, they can utilize nutritious food and prevent lifestyle
associated habits to control their diabetic condition.
Researchers Hagger et al. (2016) also indicated towards the implementation of
educational sessions about the type of sports and physical activities that can improve the
hypoglycemic associated condition of teenagers affected with diabetes and reinforce quality life,

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free from sedentary attitudes and habits. Therefore, implementation of aerobics, eight training,
strength training and circuit training should be included in the physical activity sessions of
teenagers affected with high risk of diabetes mellitus.
The evaluation of these evidence based interventions such as implementation of
educational session about sports and physical activities, type of physical activities, nutritional
and pharmacological educational sessions will be provided to the group of patients who are
affected with diabetes and then only one group will be provided with intervention plus education
to compare its benefits to the other control group. Evaluation will be done thrice within the time
of six months, primarily during commencement of the session, then in between the
implementation of intervention and then after the completion of the process so that concise
details about the benefit of sport activity with educational session associated intervention could
be found. Further, both the groups and their associated results will be assessed on the para-
meters of presence of diabetes associated risk factor, their sedentary life style, their physical
activity level and their basal metabolic rate so that through patients activity level the detailed
understanding of the patients health condition could be understood.
Conclusion
Evidence based practice is an interdisciplinary approach which uses the available data
from the recent literatures which are authentic and then through proper discussion about them
and understanding their effectiveness in the practical scenario, implements them as regular
interventions. The primary aim of this research article was also conducting evidence based
practice so that the effectiveness of physical or sport associated activities with educational
sessions could be compared with only educational session in lowering the risk of diabetes. In this

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aspect, this paper included several research articles and mentioned their findings, research
approach and critically appraises them to determine their limitations and scope of implementing
them in the current process. In the course, it also implements the extracted evidences in the
current educational and activity associated health promotional event and find s out the associated
evaluation methods so that findings of this process could be used to understand the improvement
the intervention in question brings for the teenagers with higher risk of diabetes.

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References
American Diabetes Association. (2016). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2016 abridged
for primary care providers. Clinical diabetes: a publication of the American Diabetes
Association, 34(1), 3.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2019). Type 2 diabetes in Australia's children and
young people: a working paper, Summary - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/diabetes/type-2-diabetes-children-
young-people/contents/summary
Colberg, S. R., Sigal, R. J., Yardley, J. E., Riddell, M. C., Dunstan, D. W., Dempsey, P. C., ... &
Tate, D. F. (2016). Physical activity/exercise and diabetes: a position statement of the
American Diabetes Association. Diabetes care, 39(11), 2065-2079.
Dabelea, D., Stafford, J. M., Mayer-Davis, E. J., D’agostino, R., Dolan, L., Imperatore, G., ... &
Black, M. H. (2017). Association of type 1 diabetes vs type 2 diabetes diagnosed during
childhood and adolescence with complications during teenage years and young
adulthood. Jama, 317(8), 825-835.
Hagger, V., Hendrieckx, C., Sturt, J., Skinner, T. C., & Speight, J. (2016). Diabetes distress
among adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review. Current diabetes
reports, 16(1), 9.
Jensen, M., Agbata, I. N., Canavan, M., & McCarthy, G. (2015). Effectiveness of educational
interventions for informal caregivers of individuals with dementia residing in the

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community: systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled
trials. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 30(2), 130-143.
MacMillan, F., Kirk, A., Mutrie, N., Moola, F., & Robertson, K. (2016). Building physical
activity and sedentary behavior support into care for youth with type 1 diabetes: patient,
parent and diabetes professional perceptions. Pediatric diabetes, 17(2), 140-152.
New York Times. (2014). Sports and Education Work Well Together - NYTimes.com. Retrieved
from https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2014/10/21/taking-sports-out-of-school-
2/sports-and-education-work-well-together
Quirk, H., Blake, H., Tennyson, R., Randell, T. L., & Glazebrook, C. (2014). Physical activity
interventions in children and young people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic
review with meta‐analysis. Diabetic Medicine, 31(10), 1163-1173.
Riddell, M. C., Gallen, I. W., Smart, C. E., Taplin, C. E., Adolfsson, P., Lumb, A. N., ... &
Annan, F. (2017). Exercise management in type 1 diabetes: a consensus statement. The
lancet Diabetes & endocrinology, 5(5), 377-390.