NURSING. NURSING. 7. 7. : NURSING. Nursing assignment.

Write a 4-6 page annotated bibliography where you identify peer-reviewed publications that promote the use of a selected technology to enhance quality and safety standards in nursingDemonstration of Proficiency By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria: Competency 3: Evaluate the impact of patient care technologies on desired outcomes.Analyze current evidence on the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team. Integrate current evidence about the impact of a selected patient care technology on patient safety, quality of care, and the interdisciplinary team into a recommendation.Competency 4: Recommend the use of a technology to enhance quality and safety standards for patients. Describe organizational factors influencing the selection of a technology in the health care setting.Justify the imple

Running head: NURSING
Nursing assignment
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction
Health technology is defined as the implementation of organized skills and knowledge
in the form of medicines, devices, procedures, vaccines, and systems developed for solving
particular health problems, which in turn help in enhancing the quality of lives of the wider
population (Shuren & Califf, 2016). Telehealth is one such aspect of health technology that
encompasses the delivery of health associated information and services, through
telecommunication and information technologies. It permits contact between patients and
clinicians over long distances and also facilitates the process of delivery of care services,
medical advice, education, reminders, monitoring, intervention, and remote admission.
Besides creating the provision for medical supervision from remote and rural regions,
telehealth also allows clinicians and healthcare professionals to conduct meetings, and also
helps in transfer of health data management and online information (Dorsey & Topol, 2016).
Telehealth is also used by clinicians for discussing medical case scenarios over video
conferences, and has also proved effective in conduction of physical therapy via digital
monitoring, or home monitoring of patients, through incessant transfer of patient data. This
assignment will present an annotated bibliography of four peer reviewed articles on the
concept of telehealth.
Search strategy
The process of secondary research was employed, which primarily depends on
making a summary, collection and synthesis of already existing articles, thus using primary
scholarly sources as the main data. The search strategy involved using different search terms
like “telehealth”, “telemedicine”, “telemonitoring”, “telepractice”, “telenursing”, “telecare”,
“advantages”, “benefits”, “health outcomes”, “health consequences”, “health”, and “physical
health”. The aforementioned search terms were combined with the boolean operators ‘AND’
and ‘OR’. While ‘AND’ helped in narrowing down the search results by extracting articles

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that contained all of the search terms, ‘OR’ broadened the results by connecting the
synonyms (McGowan et al., 2016). Filters and limiters used for extracting articles were
namely, (i) published in English, (ii) published on or after 2015, (iii) peer reviewed, and (iv)
full-text availability. The search was conducted in the electronic database of CINAHL that
eventually resulted in 20 hits. Of these, four articles that were most appropriate to the
phenomenon under investigation were shortlisted for the annotated bibliography.
Annotated bibliography 1
Nymberg et al. (2019) conducted the study to explore the beliefs and attitudes of
elderly patients towards the usage of e-health services. On conducting group interviews amid
15 patients from primary care centers, ambivalence was noticed among the study subjects
towards the use of e-health. They demonstrated a curiosity and desire to seek information on
the application and potential advantages of e-health technique. According to the researchers,
telehealth has the potential to increase satisfaction among patients about their health
outcomes and also helps in establishing safety and a sense of trust. Relevance of this
technology to nursing practice can also be accredited to the fact that most patients lack sound
knowledge and experience about e-health services and there exists a lack of trust on the
healthcare professionals, regarding the use of digital tools. Hence, an interest among the
target population to know about the advantages of e-health service, will prove effective in
enhancing health outcomes. This publication was selected owing to the fact that besides
talking about the health benefits that are offered by e-health services to elderly patients who
are being cared for in primary care centers, the researchers also elaborated on the different
organizational barriers that might act as an impediment to the path of telehealth
implementation in real-time settings.

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Annotated bibliography 2
Metzger and Sruthi Katamneni (2018) conducted the study with the aim of assessing
the impact of telepharmacy and telemedicine in rural and remote areas. On conducting a
comprehensive literature review, the researchers were able to retrieve 66 articles that
demonstrated that telepharmacy was beneficial in increasing pharmaceutical access among
people who resided in rural areas. According to the researchers, telepharmacy has increased
the speed of medication order entry and on-call consultations, besides enhancing reconciled
medications. Relevance of this technology to nursing practice can also be accredited to the
fact that shortage of national pharmacist in rural areas have made it cumbersome for the
hospitals and primary care centers to provide appropriate care services to the patients. Hence,
telepharmacy has been found effective in diminishing the problems that occur due to
understaffing of rural pharmacist, particularly during vacations and after hours. Furthermore,
the researchers were also able to establish the fact that telepharmacy helps in lowering the
rates of medication error, which primarily occurs due to problems in retaining pharmacists in
the remote areas. The publication was selected for the annotated bibliography since it
contained adequate information on the ways by which telepharmacy increases access to
healthcare amenities and reduces the time spent by patients, in seeking care services.
Therefore, telepharmacy creates a significant impact by transforming pharmaceutical service
delivery in rural and remote regions.
Annotated bibliography 3
Phongtankuel, Adelman and Reid (2018) conducted the study with the aim of
outlining different advantages and disadvantages of mobile health incorporation in hospice
care. According to the researchers leveraging the usage of mHealth technologies has
considerable potential to advance healthcare delivery, research, and patient outcomes. It is
relevant to nursing practice since the technology allows patients to seek medical consultation

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from clinicians through virtual visits like text messaging and video chat that enhances
communication and relay of medical information. Major implication of the technology can be
associated with the fact that it allows medical professionals to keep a track on health-related
information of the patients and monitor the, besides offering a hassle-free method of
providing patient education, via a centralized hub. The researchers also elaborated on the
different steps that need to be followed for successful implementation of mHealth in home
hospice care namely, designing user-friendly technology, creating big data analytic platform,
and examining the cost-effectiveness of technology. The article has been selected since apart
from elucidating the advantages of telehealth, it also talked about the potential pitfalls like
replacing live visits, and usability.
Annotated bibliography 4
The research by Abbott et al. (2017) had the objective of determining the temporal
and financial benefits of virtual consultation (VC) amid veterans who needed specialty care
services. They stated that virtual care for pulmonary nodules that were incidentally
discovered amid veterans reduced their time to consultation, healthcare costs, and travel
costs. The researchers also found that no veteran demonstrated a requirement of additional
visit, prior to further therapeutic investigation or diagnosis, thus confirming the benefits of
VC. The relevance of the study is that it focused on virtual care domain of telehealth that is
generally suited for a capitated health and single payer system. Further implications of the
findings can be accredited to the fact that it elaborated on the stages involved in virtual care
and that it also helps the clinicians in providing a comprehensive review of clinical record,
followed by health recommendations. This study has been selected since VC was found to
optimize expenditure savings by lowering the facility charges, travel reimbursement, and
ancillary staff, besides enhancing health outcomes.

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Conclusion
To conclude, with an ever-increasing growth in human population, medical advances
are also being made, which are found to prolong life and wellbeing of the wider population.
This is concomitant with an increase in the healthcare system. Healthcare professionals are
continually being asked to provide enhanced services, without any increase in health
subsidies, and are often encouraged to make a shift towards different care models such as,
outcome based care or patient centered care. Under circumstances when lack of transport,
remote and rural settings, lack of mobility among the disabled and elderly patients, and lack
of staffing impose a restriction on access to care services, implementation of telehealth often
helps in bridging the gap. Thus, telehealth enhances health outcomes for patients by
increasing their access to care specialists, and also significantly reduces the rates of
unnecessary hospital readmissions, through remote consultation.

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References
Abbott, D. E., Macke, R. A., Kurtz, J., Safdar, N., Greenberg, C. C., Weber, S. M., ... &
Maloney, J. D. (2017). Financial and temporal advantages of virtual consultation in
veterans requiring specialty care. Military medicine, 183(1-2), e71-e76.
https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usx006
Dorsey, E. R., & Topol, E. J. (2016). State of telehealth. New England journal of
medicine, 375(2), 154-161. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1601705
McGowan, J., Sampson, M., Salzwedel, D. M., Cogo, E., Foerster, V., & Lefebvre, C.
(2016). PRESS peer review of electronic search strategies: 2015 guideline
statement. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 75, 40-46.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.01.021
Metzger, B. J., & Sruthi Katamneni BDS, M. D. A. (2018). Telepharmacy and Access to
Pharmaceutical Services in Rural Areas. Perspectives in Health Information
Management, 1-14.
http://perspectives.ahima.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/TelepharmacyandPharmac
eutical.pdf
Nymberg, V. M., Bolmsjö, B. B., Wolff, M., Calling, S., Gerward, S., & Sandberg, M.
(2019). ‘Having to learn this so late in our lives…’Swedish elderly patients’ beliefs,
experiences, attitudes and expectations of e-health in primary health
care. Scandinavian journal of primary health care, 1-12.
http://dx.doi.org.hallam.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/02813432.2019.1570612

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Phongtankuel, V., Adelman, R. D., & Reid, M. C. (2018). Mobile health technology and
home hospice care: promise and pitfalls. Progress in palliative care, 26(3), 137-141.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09699260.2018.1467109
Shuren, J., & Califf, R. M. (2016). Need for a national evaluation system for health
technology. Jama, 316(11), 1153-1154. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.8708