Occupational safety and health in construction: a review of applications and trends
Added on 2021-06-15
68 Pages16575 Words298 Views
Running head: CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Occupational safety and health in construction: a review of applications and trendsName of the Student: Name of the University: Author’s Note:
1CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Abstract Construction industry is a developing sector all over the globe. The demand for real estate hasbeen developing with the advent of time. It is seen that there exists several kinds of risks that areavailable in the construction industry and these have an impact on the performance of theemployees as well. The background of the paper has provided an idea about the constructionindustry in UK and the extent of risk that is faced by the employee. The objectives of theresearch has addressed the threats that are existent in the construction industry and ways with thehelp of which these issues can be reduced. The literature review has highlighted several kinds ofelements and aspects that are associated to health and safety factors in the construction industryand accordingly various aspects have been explained with the help of which understanding of thetopic is attained. The methodology in relation to the topic has stated the sort of data that has beenused and the process that has been undertaken in order to gather the data. The analysis section ofthe paper has explained the fact that health safety issues are very high in the constructioncompanies and this has an impact on the performance of the employees. The processes with thehelp of which these issues can be reduced is even highlighted and recommendation of the same issuggested in order to have better operational activities in the construction industries anddevelopment of motivation among the employees. Key Words: Construction, health, safety, risks, hazards, performance, safety equipment, employees,regulations and standards, training.
2CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Table of ContentsChapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................51.1 Background of the Study.......................................................................................................61.1.1 Health and safety at the workplace.................................................................................61.2 Problem Statement.................................................................................................................91.3 Research Aims and Objectives............................................................................................101.3.1 Aim...............................................................................................................................101.3.2 Objectives.....................................................................................................................101.4 Research Question...............................................................................................................101.5 Scope of the research...........................................................................................................11Chapter 2: Literature Review.........................................................................................................122.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................122.2 Importance of health and safety...........................................................................................122.3 Scope of construction industry and the general problem description..................................152.4 Problems faced in the construction industry........................................................................172.5 Occupational safety and health............................................................................................202.6 OHS risk factors..................................................................................................................212.7 OHS risk factors in construction..........................................................................................222.8 Summary of the literature....................................................................................................22Chapter 3: Research Methodology................................................................................................23
3CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................233.2 Research Philosophy............................................................................................................233.3 Research Approach..............................................................................................................243.4 Research Design..................................................................................................................243.5 Kind of data used.................................................................................................................253.6 Process of data collection....................................................................................................253.7 Sample and Sample Size......................................................................................................263.8 Data Analysis Plan...............................................................................................................26Chapter 4: Data Analysis...............................................................................................................274.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................274.2 Demographic Characteristics of the Sample........................................................................274.2.1 Distribution by Age-Group...........................................................................................274.2.2 Distribution by Gender.................................................................................................294.2.3 Distribution by Designation..........................................................................................294.3 Quantitative Analysis...........................................................................................................304.3.1 Factors affecting health and safety trends....................................................................324.3.2 Implications of health and safety conditions................................................................384.4 Correlation Analysis............................................................................................................414.5 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................45Chapter 5: Conclusion, Recommendation and Future Work.........................................................47
4CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 5.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................475.2 Addressing the objectives....................................................................................................495.3 Recommendation.................................................................................................................495.4 Future Research...................................................................................................................50Reference List................................................................................................................................51Bibliography..................................................................................................................................59Appendix........................................................................................................................................65Questionnaire.............................................................................................................................65
5CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Chapter 1: IntroductionSafety and health is a key aspect to all the areas in the construction and building industry.It has always been regarded to be a sector that is greatly exposed when it comes to theoccupational based accidents. It is seen that developments have been made in the healthandsafety performance in the certain aspects of the construction companies and very lessattention has been given towards how the process of attaining impacts within the sector with theunderlying themes of the legal and the financial liabilities and the responsibility of the accidents(Sousa, Almeidaand Dias 2014). This has been observed in most of the nations and the realism isthat the construction industry has been sustainably has injury and the casualty statistics that makeit the most dangerous industries where people have to perform and how these plans andstrategies get ready in accordance to the organizational culture. The development of the measuresin order to deliver a project on a timely manner and to undergo the precise safety and healthlegislation in the process to win an agreement within the area has become a serious issue (Sousa,Almeidaand Dias 2015). It is due to this fact and a rise in the number of accidents, there has beendevelopment and disclosure of the standards and effective engineering practices that is reliant onthe experience and the codes that have been initiated. In UK, there have been observations that the demanded documentation is disclosed in theoutlets that are accessible and in the forms like the official governmental disclosures, directivesand laws and even in the standards like in the Health and Safety at Works Act (Simukondaet al.2018). By depending on the past accidents, the technical and the common weaknesses of thedesigns have reduced significantly by bringing in new and innovative requirements andthereafter it became clear that most of the accidents still took place and it has been the fact thatthe actual causes of these accidents have been hardly an outcome of the technical faults but
6CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT actually has been the result of the bad and the practices that are illegal within the companies,non-observation of the precise safety and health legislation with respect to the distinct accidentsand events. However, these instances should even be due to the absence of the adherence to thehealth and safety rules or the absence of the ineffective level of communication within theorganization (Pirzadehet al. 2015). There have been other studies as well that have indicated thatthe safety and the health developments can be attained only if the contractors and the labours andeven the customer alter their attitude and remuneration policies are incorporated in order tomotivate the entire workforce. Seoet al. (2015) explained that these kind of efforts are not adequately true to curb thedevelopment of the unsafe acts on the construction sites. In the same manner, safeguarding theoccupational injuries and sickness and the maintenance of the financial, health and the scrutinyof the tender bidders at the initial stages of the construction project and this should be a keyconcern for the employers, stakeholders and the contractors in every section of the industry in allover the globe. In the worldwide market, there has been proof of similar safety issues that seemsto take place everywhere. In the same way, safety and health can be enhanced by highlighting theconstruction related issues in various manners as it replicates the general threat that associates tothe global assessment efforts for the maintenance of safety in the construction industry. 1.1 Background of the Study1.1.1 Health and safety at the workplaceThe management of health and safety has been a serious issue that associates to and isessential for all the firms that are coming from various kinds of industries and this ranges fromthe conventional to the commercial and the information technology based companies etc. Safetyand health is distinctly vital and is essential for the construction industry (Bas 2014). The
7CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT company and their roles are affected by the safety and the health issues and practices at theworkplace environment. In case of the companies that are regarded to the low risk basedcompanies, the health and the safety problems can be handled by a manager who is proficient.But in the companies that are regarded to be high risk based companies that are inclusive of themanufacturing companies and the construction industries, various kinds of experts like doctors,trainers, supervisors etc can be appointed with the accountability of assisting the manager who isaccountable for the safety and health in the companies in order to ascertain that the safety andhealth rules and regulations on the company are updated (Scanlonet al. 2015). In UK, the construction industry is one of the largest industries out of all the industriesthat are operational in the country. This industry is accountable for about 8% of the grossdomestic product and thereafter employs about 10% of the country wise workforce and therebycreates an annual turnover of £250 billion. It is seen that construction industry in UK isrenowned all over the globe for the quality of activities but it is seen that this industry sustains tobe one of the dangerous and riskiest industries in the nation (Van Eerdet al. 2017). The extent offatal wounds in the country in the construction industry has been very high and therefore severalkinds of steps and measures have been taken in order to reduce the degree of injuries in theindustry. The development of the strategies and plans in relation to the safeguarding of theindustry and their employers is even not sufficient for the minimisation of the injuries for theworkers. The government of UK has even undertaken various campaigns in association with theHealth and Safety Commission with the help of which they have been looking to create a targetin order to reduce the extent of the injuries and accidents to the construction industry workers(Cunninghamand Sinclair 2015). It is therefore seen that construction industry has been
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