ONLINE THEMED DISCUSSION POST 2 Original Post: Reducing weight among Hospitalized Obese Diabetic Patients in Australia Clinical Problem The rates of obesity among type 2 patients in Australia is overwhelmingly high, 53 per cent being obese, and 32.8 per cent overweight (Al-Sharafi & Gunaid, 2014). Also, according to AIHW (2019), about 8.4 percent of the Australia’s burden of illness is linked to overweight besides obesity in 2015. (AIHW, 2019). 67 percent of adults were overweight or obese in 2017-2018. Diabetic patients who are living with obesity or overweight face the risk of adverse health outcomes and even mortality (AIHW, 2019b). Reasons for Selecting the Topic Obesity among diabetic patients is a critical determinant for cardiovascular disorders, such as musculoskeletal conditions, and cancers, among others. Obesity also worsens the problems associated with type 2 diabetes (like poor control of blood sugar and appetite). As a patient adds weight, so does the risk of these health problems. Moreover, obesity can hamper the ability to manage type 2 diabetes in patients (AIHW, 2019). Therefore, understanding the application of ketogenic diets in improving weight can be beneficial to clinicians while managing the patients. Research Question Using PICO Does the consumption of a ketogenic diet among obese diabetic patients improve their weight and blood glucose levels? Key terminologies in the research question Population/Patient/Problem (P)obese diabetic patients Intervention/Exposure (I)ketogenic diet for Comparison (C)No ketogenic diet Outcome (O)Improved weight and blood glucose levels Addressing the Problem
ONLINE THEMED DISCUSSION POST 3 Bolla, Caretto, Laurenzi, Scavini, & Piemonti. (2019). Low-carb and ketogenic diets in type 1 and type2 diabetes.Nutrients,11(5), 962.https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11050962 This study indicates that reducing dietary carbohydrates that leads to ketosis can be more effective in managing diabetes mellitus. The study cites that when a ketogenic diet was used among 102 obese and overweight diabetic patients, the diet effectively aided in cutting their weight and improving of blood sugar levels. Moreover, while using a ketogenic diet, obese diabetic patients should be monitored frequently, especially when they are on antidiabetic therapy. The study explains, although the use of this diet by clinicians to alleviate overweight and obesity and diabetes mellitus is effective, some research highlights that little evidence exists on whether the use of ketogenic diets can be sustained is safe or effective. Furthermore, there are concerns that some patients may be ketosis-prone, and therefore, the diet can pose health consequences. Joshi,S., Ostfeld,R.J., & McMacken,M. (2019). The ketogenic diet for obesity and diabetes—Enthusiasm outpaces evidence.JAMA Internal Medicine,179(9), 1163.https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2633 Restricting calories in a ketogenic diet for obese diabetic patients can rapidly improve glycaemic control, as well as reduce body weight, and in any way, ensure insulin’s efficacy. Still, this study also reveals that, while a ketogenic diet is hyped to have a significant impact on body weight and serum glucose levels, the research currently backing its application is minimal. Also, the risks associated with diet potentially exist. Therefore, clinicians need conduct continued evaluation of the usefulness as well as the probable dangers associated with the use of diets following the available evidence. References
ONLINE THEMED DISCUSSION POST 4 AIHW. (2019).Overweight & obesity. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. RetrievedApril8, 2020, fromhttps://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/behaviours-risk- factors/overweight-obesity/overview AIHW. (2019).Data sources for monitoring overweight and obesity in Australia. Cat. No. PHE 244. Canberra: AIHW. Home - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. RetrievedApril8, 2020, fromhttps://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/248db8ea-1d6e- 46f0-a6bd-88889e4a53bf/aihw-phe-244.pdf.aspx?inline=true Al-Sharafi,B.A., & Gunaid,A.A. (2014). Prevalence of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yemen.International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism,12(2).https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.13633 Bolla, Caretto, Laurenzi, Scavini, & Piemonti. (2019). Low-carb and ketogenic diets in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Nutrients,11(5), 962.https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11050962 Joshi,S., Ostfeld,R.J., & McMacken,M. (2019). The ketogenic diet for obesity and diabetes—Enthusiasm outpaces evidence.JAMA Internal Medicine,179(9), 1163.https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2633