Project Management for Manufacturing Company

The assignment discusses the importance of operation management for a manufacturing company. It explores how to improve new and existing products using Six Sigma and Lean principles, and how to build new products according to customer demand through continuous based planning such as Plan-Do-Check-Act. The document also touches on product life cycle, which shows product progress from introduction to maturity and decline, helping marketing decision generation awareness for new products.

Operations and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
P1Review and criticism of operation management.....................................................................1
P2 Continuous improvement plan based on reviews..................................................................1
P3 Stages of Project Life Cycle (PLC).......................................................................................3
P4 Effectiveness of Project Life Cycle application of the chosen project..................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCE ..................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Operation and project management is the continuous planning and execution process
which includes day to day business projects activity such as initiating, monitoring, closing and
controlling the business projects. Project management is a short-live process which involves
defining, beginning and closing the project that have certain budget where as operations is the
ongoing process which is run by manager of the organisation to earn profits and running the
business continuously (Badiru and Osisanya, 2016). To understand the concept of operation and
project management Hotpoint has been taken that is a manufacturing company and planning to
introduce or manufacture large screen television. This report will contain some topics such as
principles and methodology of operation management, improvement plan that helps to improve
or produce new products, stages of the product life cycle,theories, concepts and models of
operation and project management.
P1Review and criticism of operation management
Operation management is the division of the management activity which contains
designing, improvements, execution and controls the manufacturing process. In additional, it
helps to convert inputs into output by using resources in order to achieve organisation's goals.
Such as Hotpointis a manufacturing company has a great market reputation that manufactures,
markets and sells house hold appliances such as fridges, electric cooker, gas, washing machines
and other electronic equipments. Company wants to expand its business by entering in to large
screen television market which can be used for home, stadium and parks. Its main motive is to
provide customer satisfaction after analysing the needs and want of theirs clients (Binder, 2016).
Company has decided to produce minimum screen size television that should be 58 inches and
have attractive features. For this company need to follow some principles and methodology such
as -
Lean principle: Lean means an enterprise understand the needs and value of customer
and focuses to produce that kind of product and services. It helps to show the value of customer
what customer wants and what are expectation. Hotpoint company has decided to manufacture
large screen television after understand the value and expectation of customer. It includes some
steps to implement the new thoughts such as-
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Value: Value means to create a value of customer and give satisfaction by providing
qualitative products. Hotpoint company identify customers and define value for ultimate
customer, what customer wants and make plans how it can be fulfil. The meaning of value can
be expressed only when customer get products at specific price or at fixed period of time.
Value stream: Value stream means all the process are required to analysing the current
state and designing a future state for the ordering of events that brings a new product or services.
Hotpoint company analysis the data and think about actual process of producing large screen
television. This process includes suppliers who sells raw material, in house process and customer
who use the product (Bowers and Khorakian, 2014).
Flow: Flow means manufacturing processes should be continue through lean enterprises.
Hotpoint company analysis the customer demand and continue the production process.
Pull: Pull means to manufacture product and services according to customer's needs and
wants. This step helps to reduce waste and improving efficiency.
Perfection: This means to manufacture perfect material that what exactly customer
wants. Hotpoint company researched markets and found that customer want minimum screen
size T.V which can be used at home or stadium.
It is concluded that if Hotpoint company apply this principle then it would be easy to get
customer demand and will focuses on manufacturing new product by improving efficiency and
reducing wastes.
Principle of manufacturing management: This principle states that any organisation
should manage the manufacturing process that helps to understand the further required material
in order to produce new products. Hotpoint company should includes manufacturing
environment, bills of material, routings, layout process, executing manufacturing strategy, work
with material requirement and control on production. This principle also lies that an organisation
should be focuses on how to manage the manufacturing process by using production control
activity (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016).
From above mentioned principle can help Hotpoint company to manufacture a large size
of T.V. By considering bills of material, working with material requirement and controlling the
manufacturing process. This principle will help to provide an introduction to the concepts and
process of modern manufacturing management.
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Six sigma: This is the essential method in operation and project management which is
used by organisations to improve new and existing production process. In additional, it is a group
of management techniques adopted by the organisation in order to improvement and introducing
new product. This can be evaluated by DMAV and DMAIC method. Hotpoint company has
decided to manufacture minimum screen size T.V. Manager of the company should analysis the
product that what is needed to manufacture the T.V. DMAIC includes define, measure, analyse,
design, and verify.
Define: Hotpoint company has decided to manufacture a minimum screen size television
that should be 58 inches. It will help to find the problems and raw material which is required in
production process (Greene and Stellman, 2018).
Measure: In measure process the manager of Hotpoint company will measure the
performance of manufacturing process and also will analysis the ability of process to meet the
production process.
Analyse: This process will help Hotpoint company to determine root causes of variation
and problems of poor performance to make T.V. It will also analysis the new features which can
be provide to customer.
Improvement: After analysing problems Hotpoint company need to improve the
performance by bringing new ideas in order to manufacture T.V.
Control: This is the ending process which can help Hotpoint company to control the
improvement and future performance in order to manufacture the T.V.
Hotpoint company can follow Six sigma method that will help to produce innovative
television at market place. It will add more new features such as recording system, front button,
touch system etc. that would be convenient to understand for customer and they will be happy to
use this T.V.
P2 Continuous improvement plan based on reviews
Continuous improvement plan is a strategy that is used by an enterprise to get
improvement in products, services or processes through measure, monitor and action. In
Hotpoint company, manager can use this plan to review the performance of manufacturing T.V.
To producing new television Hotpointenterprise will need to be dedicate to improve the plans
continuously. Manager of the company will find the problems to make the product and will get
solution to improve.
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Above mentioned principles Hotpoint company should adopt Six sigma principle which
will help to define the problems, measure the performance, analysis, improvement in products
and control the manufacturing process (He, Yu and Ma, 2014). By applying this principle
manager of the Hotpoint company will focus on new features that should be provided, design,
size, colour, back and front touch, attractive display of television, recording system etc. This all
features will attract the customer to purchase this T.V. For manufacturing new television
Hotpoint company should adopt PDCA strategy that means plan, do, check and act.
Plan Do Check Act
This means collect
relevant data, define
problems and ascertain
problem's root cause. As
Hotpoint company is
dealing in household
appliances now it is
planning to bring 58
inches of television with
new and attractive
features. For launching
this new product
organisation need to
planning that which type
of new features can be
added and from where
they should purchase raw
material to
manufacture the T.V. It
will also find out the
problems and issues to
make this T.V. And will
After planning Hotpoint
company should
implement and develop
solution of a defining
problem by measuring
the performance. In this
step company will
consider employees
needs and technology
that is required to build
the T.V. This step helps
to implement the
thought process in order
to achieve organisation's
goals. Company will
also analysis the cost or
prices of the T.V.
Next step after
planing and
implementing
business plan
Hotpointenterprise
need to check or
evaluate the
manufacturing
process. This step
will help company to
give confirmation
about successfully
execution of build
process by measuring
performance. This
step also will help to
get improvement in
television if is
required.
After planning,
doing and checking
performance by
Hotpoint company,
manager will
present the results,
inform others
regarding process
changes and will
make
recommendations
for the addressed
problems. This step
will help to give
satisfaction to
customer after
providing minimum
screen size of
television.
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get solution.
Critical evaluation: Above mentioned steps such as plan, do, check and act will help
Hotpoint company to improve the existing and new product after getting defects and problems in
manufacturing process. It will give various advantages such as it affect ongoing improvement of
people performance and processes. It makes possible solution of problems and will control
environment. Hotpoint company should apply six sigma method that will prevent the work
progress from occurring mistakes to build minimum screen size of television.
Hotpoint company should apply following principles in order to build minimum screen
size television such as-
Reality: Operation department of Hotpoint company will need to focus on overall
problems and grievances. It helps to define that how to face the difficulties to make television.
Organize: For Hotpoint company it is essential that all the production activity and
process should be organised and interconnected. Without organize, the operation department
would not be able to accomplish organisation's goals (Hjelmbrekke, Lædre and Lohne, 2014).
Quality control: This is an essential principle in Hotpointorganisation that helps to
control the quality the quality the television. Without maintaining quality customer might be
dissatisfied with T.V. That will impact on Hotpointbusiness.
P3 Stages of Project Life Cycle (PLC)
Project life cycle is the four step process that follow by the every manager in their
organisation at the time of completing any project. It provide a proper framework which is used
in business. Manager of project identify the best process to complete their work and it will
include the four stages such as initiation, planning, execution or closer. These stager discussed
below:
Initiation: In the initial stage of project, manager of Hotpoint company need to identify
the business problem or opportunities which occur in the organisation. Manager need to spread
awareness among the team in respect of meeting with consumer's need, solve the issues and grab
the opportunity. In this stage manager analyse the whole aspect either it is beneficial or not
because this project required huge investment or enough time. So manager have to identify the
need of Television, what are issues company have to face and the opportunity business can catch
through this project. In this stage manager required incentive research and develop business case.
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Document of business plan of Hotpoint company:
Business Problem Demand of products going to reduce of Hotpoint company in the category
of Gas and Electronic Cookers.
Required Study Required specific research regarding market demand of Large Screen
Television of 58 inches.
Assumptions It will help the Hotpoint company to increase their market share or
profitability through launching new products.
Study Results Successful
Planning: Next step after preparing business plan company move towards planning
phase where manager of the Hotpoint company divide the work into smaller task. Manager build
a team and set a goal for specific task and team members have to complete in a given time
period. In this phase manager need to build project plan, workflow, collect resources, analyse the
risk and quality. For the development of 58 inches Television, manager need to take these points
in their mind at the time of planning (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).
Gantt chart: Company use the product life cycle to introduce new product which is 58
inches T.V in the UK market that is going to start from 12th of march, 2019 to 13th of September,
2019.
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Execution: In this phase manager receive the approval for the development of product
and build a team for the completion of project. At the time of executing plan manager of
Hotpoint company need to provide proper guidelines or directions to their employees. Need to
organise their team, manage the work to complete their task on deadline and it's manager's
responsibility to perform according to the original plan, communicate with team member, check
the quality or manage the budget (McMahon, 2016).
Feedback Report of the 58 inches Large Screen Television:
Objective Project prototype used by their employee to identify that it is
capable to provide better customer experience through it's 58
inches screen and the sample size of 50 people.
Questions Yes No
Does the picture have a high
quality with smooth audio
experience?
✓
Product price is affordable
according to the quality of
Television ?
✓
There is any problem occur at
the time of operating T.V or
it's functions?
✓
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Closer: After the completion of project every team come under the closer stage. In this
phase, manager of Hotpointhave to find the success of project, release resources and evaluate
that what is done & what is not done according to plan (Nicholas and Steyn, 2017). Leader
analyse the performance of team as well as project, close the documentation work, conducting
after implementation review etc.
Project Review Document of Hotpoint company:
Project Review of Prototype
Risk Management ✓ (Excellent)
Product Quality ✓ (Very Good)
Customer Experience ✓ (Satisfactory)
Cost Overrun ✓ (Nil)
Scheduling ✓ (Controlled)
Error-free ✓ (Good)
P4 Effectiveness of Project Life Cycle application of the chosen project
Every organisation adopt various techniques and theories to measure the performance of
operation and management such as key performance indicators, 360 degree feed back,
management by objectives, performance appraisal, reward and recognition programme etc.
These key tools helps to define the production process and evaluate the performance of
manufacturing company. Hotpoint company also can measure the performance of projects by
applying following tools:
Key performance indicators: This is the effective tool of management that helps to
measure the performance of an organisation, business units, projects and individual. It focuses to
give power to the company that how ideas can be implemented to achieve the goals by solving
problems. This technique will show a path to measure how well Hotpoint company or projects
will perform in order to build a minimum screen size television. This technique will find
difficulties to manufacture the television and also will find new and attractive features that can
be provided to its customer (Rafindadi and et.al., 2014).
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360 feedback: This is most important tool which is used by every enterprises to
answering the questions. Manager of Hotpoint company can get ideas how to apply new
technology and innovation. This technique will help to get feedback from customer that will be
beneficial to know what changes is required in television. After getting this information
Hotpoint company will complete these variation or changes.
Personal development plan: This is an effective action plan which is depend on
awareness and reflection of an individual's performance and expectations, by deciding objectives
for future performance and activities that would support personal development. Hotpoint
company also can be use this technique to evaluate the performance of projects and employees
that will help to meet new screen television (Rokooei, 2015).
From above mentioned technique Hotpoint company should apply 360 degree feed back
technique that helps to get information what features customer want in new television and what
improvements are needed to manufacturing the television.
Positive aspect of PLC:
PLC help the Hotpoint company to identify the issues occur at the time of completing
project in the initial phase. This process promote the employee engagement between the
employees or manager because they regular touch with each other through communication.
Marketing research in the initial level help the manager to measure it's positive or negative
efforts that further help to save the time as well as money of the organisation. Product
development life cycle provide a blueprint to the manger of Hotpoint company which define the
structure of work. With the help of business plan manager identify the related problem, feedback
report provide the important information which is beneficial for the organisation to take decision.
Manager can check the performance of each employee in the given time period.
Negative aspect of PLC:
Negative aspect of this project life cycle is that, PLC is not sufficient to measure the
progress of each phase. If business hire a project manager for the a particular project it become
more expensive and not easy to execute. For this organisation need to provide proper training to
the manager or hire professional experts for the execution of project. It can build complexity due
to the different stages in PLC which will create confusion in the team or at the time of execution
of plan.
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By using of different theories and concepts in the Project life cycle can easily identify the
difference between the small or large business project. Basically small projects not required to
develop project life cycle because it is too expensive or time taking process and it required
professional advice at the time of performing their task. PLC used by the large business because
they wanted to achieve their goals such as high profitability with huge market share. So manager
need to assure that new product help the business to achieve their goals or objective by using
product life cycle (Sears and et.al, 2015).
It is beneficial for the organisation to use product life cycle it help the business to analyse
whether project is going to successful or not at initial level. By using different theories manager
can identify the result or it can be positive or negative.
CONCLUSION
As per above mentioned discussion it has been concluded that operation management is
the important for manufacturing company that monitor and evaluate the producing process. Six
sigma and lean principle helps to improve new and existing products and build new products
according to customer's demand. Continuous based plan such as plan, do, check and act help to
continue an ongoing process to review and improve the products. Along with this, product life
cycle shows product progress process such as introduction, growth, maturity and decline. These
steps helps to marketing decision generate awareness for new products.
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REFERENCE
Books & Journal
Badiru, A. B. and Osisanya, S. O., 2016. Project management for the oil and gas industry: a
world system approach. CRC Press.
Binder, J., 2016. Global project management: communication, collaboration and management
across borders. Routledge.
Bowers, J. and Khorakian, A., 2014. Integrating risk management in the innovation
project. European Journal of innovation management. 17(1). pp.25-40.
Fleming, Q. W. and Koppelman, J. M., 2016. December. Earned value project management.
Project Management Institute.
Greene, J. and Stellman, A., 2018. Head First PMP: A Learner's Companion to Passing the
Project Management Professional Exam. O'Reilly Media.
He, X. S., Yu, X. N. and Ma, X. Z., 2014. Frame research of the building information model in
project management information system. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 989.
pp. 5512-5515). Trans Tech Publications.
Hjelmbrekke, H., Lædre, O. and Lohne, J., 2014. The need for a project governance
body. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business. 7(4). pp.661-677.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H. R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
causes and solutions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 53. pp.1190-1201.
McMahon, P. E., 2016. Virtual project management: software solutions for today and the future.
CRC Press.
Nicholas, J. M. and Steyn, H., 2017. Project management for engineering, business and
technology. Routledge.
Rafindadi, A. D. U. and et.al., 2014. Global perception of sustainable construction project
risks. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 119. pp.456-465.
Rokooei, S., 2015. Building information modeling in project management: necessities,
challenges and outcomes. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 210. pp.87-95.
Sears, S. K. and et.al, 2015. Construction project management. John Wiley & Sons.
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