Project Management and Sustainable Development

This assignment delves into the integration of project management with sustainable development principles, exploring how to design and operate minerals processing projects that adhere to environmental sustainability. It examines various project management models, including the SUSOP approach, and discusses the importance of earned value project management in ensuring successful project outcomes. The document also touches on the future of operations management and how it relates to project management. A range of articles from academic journals provide insight into these topics, highlighting the need for a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling projects.

Operations and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Critical review regarding implementation of operations principle in organisation context. .1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Continuity in improvement plan based on review and analysis............................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3 Stages of PLC with business case, project plan and work breakdown structure...................7
TASK 4 ...........................................................................................................................................8
P4 Effectiveness of PLC in application of project......................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is a set of clear defined day to day activities of hierarchical
structure in which management planning and systematic execution of operations is done in
routine form (Burke, 2013). This process include inventory control, supply chain collaboration,
demand forecasting, quality management and production planning. Whereas, project
management is a process of defining activities related to planning and execution of non-routine
work which incudes monitoring, controlling and initiation of projects. Present case study has
been based on, Hotpoint company which is engage in the process of manufacturing, marketing
and selling of home appliances. Its main products are Fridges and Freezers, electric cars, gas and
electric cookers and washing machines. Company is planning to enter into TV sector. In this
report, implementation of operation management principles are mentioned. Preparation of a
continuous improvement plan and application of each stage of PLC in project has been included
in this report. In addition to this, effectiveness of PLC in order to apply it in present report are
also been done.
TASK 1
P1 Critical review regarding implementation of operations principle in organisation context
It is the most important function of operational administration to effectively develop
systematic action plan so as to formulate all operations in organisation in smooth and
sophisticated manner. They also can take various advantages of management strategies and
policies in order to implement that plan efficiently. Each and every department of organisations
are interconnected with each other therefore, operations managers can utilize different techniques
and approaches to successfully accomplish any project and target. Managers can conducted
meeting and conferences at regular interval of time with every divisions and systematically
convey required information related to strategies and new project to them (Mir and Pinnington,
2014). It is the major responsibility of operation managers to implement proper channel of
communication at workplace so as to maintain effective flow of communication and employee
engagement in organisation. With help of this managers can influence and motivate employees to
achieve predetermined goals and targets.
In relation with Hotpoint, which mainly engage in the distribution and selling of washing
machines, electric cookers and cares, refrigerators and many other home appliances. Therefore,
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to increase their consumer base and gain more competitive advantages company have decided to
enter in a new market of TV sector, company is planning to launch Large Screen Television of
58 inches. As to formulate this lunching process effectively, operational department manger are
taking advantages of appropriate strategies which is described below:
Principles of Operational Management:-
Reality: The first and foremost principle of operation management which emphasise on
problem first rather than different technique. In order to support this statement it can be said that
there is no specific one technique or tool which can provide solution to all situations. In context
to Hotpoint, manager of this company can acquire this principle in order to deal with each and
every issue which might occur after the launch of product.
Organisation: It is essential for companies to perform their business activities in right
sequence so that they could attain their targeted goals and objectives effectively with good range
of profitability. Additionally, it can be said that all departments in the business organisation like
hotpoint are interconnected (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). Therefore, its better for them to
organise their work effectively in order to attain desired outcome.
Accountability: In this another principle of operation management in which managers of
Hotpoint are expected to set rules and regulations for its subordinates along with their
responsibilities. Further, it is being expected by managers to monitor that whether these goals of
employees are achieved by them or not. This will help managers in maximising work of
employees in business organisation in effective manner.
Change: It is essential for hotpoint to not stick on single strategy. Thus, it is required by
the manager of the company to take regular basis feedback from customers as well as employees
in order to improve their new launch. As a result, this company will able to influence interest of
its customers towards their products.
Managed passion: Passionate employees works as the booster for business growth. In
context to hotpoint, it is essential for the manager of this company to manage passion and
creativity of its employees effectively in order to remain sustainable at market place. It can be
said that if passion of these employees are managed properly and used effectively then it can
work as the major driver of success.
SIX SIGMA
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Six Sigma mainly include two types of methodologies that are DMAIC and DMADV. It
is a data driven approach as to eliminate defects in the process of manufacturing. This
methodology benefits in quality of existing goods and process. Six Sigma generally consists of
five phases which includes, define, measure, analyse, improve and control that are briefly
described below:
Define: It is the first and foremost stage in which consumer needs and demands are
elaborated in effective way. In addition to this, it also provide proper guidance to implement the
same in appropriate manner. This process will benefit Hotpoint to define actual demand of
customer and implement formative strategies as to launch their new product which is 58 inches
TV and satisfy needs of consumers in more effective way.
Measure: This step is helpful in evaluating condition prevailing in production process
and overall improvement that is done from the actual state. In addition to this, it also analysed
the resources which is require to bring as to produce qualitative products. It is essential for
Hotpoint to collect suitable relevant data related to number of customer in any particular
geographical location and then launch their product.
Analyse: In this stage, problems and issues that raised in the execution of operations and
analysation of required modification is done on the same phase. Hotpoint by the effective
evaluation of their necessary data and information can improve their process of production and
maximise their shares in market.
Improve: In this stage, managers effectively determine required modification and
alteration and various other possibilities of changes.
Control: It is the ending stage, it which suitable and appropriate solutions are given as to
balance all activities related to manufacture in effective way. With the help of this method,
operational managers can achieve demands of individual in effective time frame. Hotpoint can
control and examine each and every aspect in the process of launching new TV in market.
Lean Principle:
This principle will benefit Hotpoint operational managers to create new and innovative
ideas so as to improve the quality of their production process. Lean principle generally include
five principles that are, Map value stream, create flow, establish pull, define value and pursuit
perfection. All these principles will provide effective benefits in order to produce new product
and launch the same in attractive way. As per according to present scenario, Hotpoint company
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wants to expand its business in television sector for this, they are bringing their new product
which is large television of 58 inches. Therefore, lean principles will remarkably benefit
operational managers to implement them in their working structure and take required advantages.
Mentioned below there are five principles described in brief:
Define value: In this stage, there is an effective elaboration of needs and requirements of those
individuals and customers have been done who are residing in a specific area. It also includes
examination of income level of consumers , which will benefit company to determine at what
extent a costumer can buy their services and commodities. In relation to this, it is important for
operation managers of Hotpoint to concentrate on effective utilization of resources. This will
help company to reduce their waste and maintain their overall cost.
Map Value Stream: In this principle, there is an proper estimation and guidance is given in
order to generate effective execution of activities. Map value system will benefit in each and
every stages of PLC to achieve required targeted objectives. This phase include purchasing of
new raw materials so as to produce finished goods and services for consumers. This will aid
Hotpoint operation managers to monitor and evaluate all procedure in relation to allocation of
work to staff, designing, proving suitable strategies and manufacturing.
Create Flow: In this process, overall physical process of fresh manufacturing is done in
effective and suitable manner (Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). This will benefit in decreasing
negative issues and obstacles that may arise in the process of accomplishing operations and fulfil
consumer demand in appropriate manner.
Establish Pull: This principle mainly follows the same exact principle that is followed in just in
time approach. In this, all the services are provide to customers according to their requirements
and demands. This process helps in providing satisfaction to consumers within effective period
of time.
Pursue Perfection: As, it is hard to produce all commodities of a company in same order.
Therefore, operation managers of Hotpoint can take necessary adoption of innovative
technology in their workplace to produce qualitative and sustainable products.
Operation process in service sector :-
There are 4 steps in the process of service sector, which are as follow:-
1. Develop : This is the first stage of it, process, where organisation use to think about the
service and develop plans for it.
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2. Analyse : After developing plans, it is very important for organisation to analyse it's
success rate and other factors.
3. Design : After analysing the success rate and other factors, it is required to design proper
format and structure for implementation of plan.
4. Launch : It is the last stage of this, where organisation use to implement their plans of
service, so that they can gain competitive advancement.
Operation process in manufacturing sector :-
1. Production planning : This is the first stage for the manufacturing sector, in this
organisation use to plan that what, how much and in what quantity, they want to produce,
so that they can take further steps according to it.
2. Production control : This is the stage where organisation use to control the process of
production by maintaining the raw materials and other process.
3. Quality control : This is the last stage of this, where organisation use to manage the
quality of their products.
Relation between operations and other business functions :-
1. HRM with manufacturing : HRM is one of the most important department of Hotpoint
and for them it is very important to make proper relationship between HRM and
manufacturing, as this help function of manufacturing easier and faster. This is because,
HRM will provide the required employees for manufacturing.
2. Financing and marketing department : It is very essential for Hotpoint to have good
relationship between finance department and marketing of organisation. As for
marketing, organisation need huge amount of fund and that is only possible when
financing department can a lot funds to them.
TASK 2
P2 Continuity in improvement plan based on review and analysis
Continuous Improvement And Its Meaning
It is essential for an organisation to continuously modify their production system and
make necessary advancement in their other departments. This will help them to improve their
management functions and produce better qualitative products and services. Therefore, in order
to make required alteration in their organisational structure and satisfy needs of consumers in
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best possible way, managers of Hotpoint can do necessary alteration and modification in their
research system. It is essential for mangers to evaluate market condition and perceptions of
customers so as to implement those changes at workplace. Also in order to adopt this structure it
required for operation managers to develop effective strategies and make formative plans and
procedure and discuses the same with employees and subordinates with the help of proper
channel of communication. This, process will benefit managers to accomplish success in
effective way and complete their predetermined target in specifiedtime frame.
CONTINOUS IMPROVEMENT PLAN
Source Anticipated Outcome Recent Performance
level
Improvement in
strategies
PROMOTIONAL
EVENTS
Hotpoint is facing
issue in their sales
performance activities
which can result in
attracting large
number of customer
base. For this company
is required to
implement strategies
in order to effective
complete their
performance activities
It is examined that
there is less
promotional activities,
this will results in lack
of awareness in
customer towards
company’s product
and services (Kerzner
and Kerzner, 2017).
In relation to TV
appliances people
mainly do survey and
enquiry before make
any purchase.
In order to produce
and launch a new
product, it is essential
for Hotpoint managers
to conduct their
promotional activities
and advertisement in
effective way. They
can take advantages of
various techniques
like, giving
advertisement on
television and doing
their promotion on
social media and
websites.
AFTER SALES
SERVICES
In the case of Hotpoint
company usually
Individuals generally
look electronic
As to provide effective
satisfaction to
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neglect to take
customer feedbacks
After the distribution
of products and
services company.
Hotpoint is required to
implement effective
strategies to solve
customer grievances.
appliance on discounts
or offers and in
addition to this they
seek for product with
warranty of 1 to 2
years.
customers and fulfil
their needs and
demands in effective
way. It is important for
Hotpoint managers to
provide extra special
discounts and offers
with their new product
as to grab attention of
large consumer base.
As per the above designed improvement plan of Hotpoint, it has been evaluated that with
the help of improvement plan company can execute their business operations effectively. This
plan will not only help managers to operate their functions in formative way but also benefit
employees to create fresh and innovative ideas and maximise their level of performance. This
plan will aid managers to adopt new strategies and implement them in their workplace as to
obtain more effective results. In addition to this, it is required for operation managers to evaluate
market conditions and examine current recent trends prevailing in market to perform
organisation activities. This plan will benefit in determining necessary required modifications
and alterations in organisation structure. In relation to this, Research and Development
department is required to take advantage of different strategic methods and tools which can be
utilize in fulfilling demands of consumers and analysing company requirements.
According to this plan, it is required for Hotpoint operation managers to do more
investments in their promotional activities and create formative strategies to attract attention of
large consumer base towards their product (Mir and Pinnington, 2014). In addition to this, it is
required for company to modify their methods which they are using to promote their product.
After the distribution of their product, they can launch various outlets in marketplace and in this
they can resolve issues and problems faced by costumers who had purchased their product.
Services that are provided in these outlets need to provide suitable and appropriate solutions to
consumers and solve their grievances in effective way. This will benefit company in
strengthening their image in market and maximise their market shares.
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Effective strategies for implementation of continuous improvement plan
In order to perform all activities and management functions effectively, operation
managers of Hotpoint can take necessary points into consideration that are described below:
Good employee-employer relationship: It is essential for managers to make good and
positive relationship with their employees as to remove any kind of insecurities in their mind.
There may be conflicts and other disputes raise in company which can hamper the performance
of employees. Therefore, it is essential for managers to conduct regular meetings and
conferences in their workplace and make their employees aware about necessary policies and
alterations. This is the most important role of mangers to influence their employees to adopt
these changes rather then to enforce that on them. It is essential for managers to make continuous
flow of communication with their investors related to allocation of funds that are required to
invest in the product and promotion of launching of new product.
Proper communication channel: In order to develop, positive communication between
customer's it is required for operation managers to open new outlets in which consumer related
problems can be resolved in effective and systematic way. This will also aid company to find the
exact perception of consumer and make necessary amendments in their strategies and
promotional techniques.
Priority to employee need: Managers are required to put proper focus on their employees
those who are engaging in the creation of improvement plan. It is essential for managers to
evaluate the needs and wants of resources and other related materials that are required in the
completion of plan. It is the responsibility of managers to provide required training to their
employees in order to complete their task in best possible way. This will aid company to resist
changes and sustain trained and skilled employees.
Technology has played a huge impact on operation functions and on flow of information, which
is as follow :-
1. Impact of ERP : ERP is a software which is used for managing the presence and
functioning of an employee. It can give complete detail about them and also help in
gaining details about the tasks assigned to them and what they have completed. This help
organisation like Hotpoint to gain knowledge about their employees very easily and also
help in tracking them.
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2. Impact of SCM : SCM is a software which is used by organisations for maintaining their
supply chains. This can help Hotpoint by providing proper information about the status of
work and products to any body who is related to this chain. This help in reducing the
complexity of system and also help in making a proper flow of transparent information to
every one.
3. Impact of NPD : NPD is a software which is used by organisations for developing and
assessing the planning for new products which Hotpoint want to make. This help them in
knowing the actual status of plans after some certain time period.
4. Impact of CRM : CRM is one of the most popular software, which help organisation like
Hotpoint in maintaining the relationship with customers and also help them in knowing
the queries and complaints of their customers. This system make it easy for both parties
to communicate with each other and also help in clearing the status of complaints and
queries.
TASK 3
P3 Stages of PLC with business case, project plan and work breakdown structure
As per the scenario, Hotpoint is deciding to enter into market segment that is related to
launch a TV of 58 inches. In order to accomplish this launching in effective way company’s
operation manager have created a systematic and formative plan in which all the information
relation to launching a new product is mentioned. Managers can implement innovative
techniques and tools in order to launch the product. Managers can take advantages of techniques
that are available in market in relation to launch a new commodity. There are lot more resources
present in a market (Ramasesh and Browning, 2014). Therefore, managers can choose best
effective among them and apply the same in their production process.
A consumer while buying a new electronic product are always looking for more
advanced, unique, innovative and affordable product. In order to accomplish all these demands
operation managers are required to create formative strategies and implement them in their
process as to attract attention of large consumer base. This will aid them in developing more
innovative ideas. Mentioned below there are some techniques which can help managers to
maximise the quality of their overall process:
Product life cycle stages
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Product life cycle is one of the most important part of marketing. It is a continuous in
which life cycle of a product is defined till it got removed from market. There are mainly four
stages included in this stage that are, Introduction stage, growth stage, maturity stage and decline
stage. All these stages are described below in descriptive way:
Introduction stage: It is the first and foremost stage of PLC which is required to
execute in appropriate way (Lindström, 2012). In this phase, managers of Hotpoint take effective
measures to develop plans which can be helpful in extracting all necessary details related to
launch of new television. Leaders within Hotpoint analyse the advancement in technologies and
methods so as to develop and launch the new product in a feasible manner in market. To launch
the new TV set, company has analysed that it needs 4 weeks to feasibly bring the new product in
market and gain high profitability.
Growth stage: This stage reflects the journey of product post introduction into
marketplace. This ensures sustainability of enterprise in marketplace and implies business
growth in the long run. In this regards, Hotpoint is introducing the TV of 58 inches within
market. The managers and leaders of enterprise have analysed that customers are showing a good
response towards the product and thus, they are making huge investments to advertise and
market the television set so as to gain support from public and ensure business growth and
profitability.
Maturity stage: It is the third stage of product life cycle, in which the managers of
Hotpoint adopt effective techniques and tools related to marketing and advertising the new TV of
58 inches in marketplace so as to gain huge support from public and maintain product
sustainability in marketplace. Also, leaders within the company have analysed that adoption of
appropriate and effective strategies are going to take almost 20 to 25 days.
Decline stage: This is the ending stage of product life cycle, in which the managers of
Hotpoint analyse the ways in which the new TV launched within market can be made more
effective and efficient so as to meet the needs of customers. The leaders of company can modify
it by adding some attractive features in that same product. Hotpoint can adopt waterfall method
in their workplace as to run their process more effectively. This can have a positive impact on the
performance of sale (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).
Business Plan
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Hotpoint is launching a Television set of 58 inches within UK market so as to tap the
advantage of influential behaviour of millennials within this place.
Importance of new product
Ascertaining the needs and demands of customers, company has analysed that they do not
deal in television sector which is a major product in electronic industry that can assist in
enhancing the overall performance of business. Thus, Hotpoint is entering into television market
and launching a 58” TV set. This product is strategically launched to tap the advantage of
making a strong entry into new sector with an innovative product so that company can gain
support from public and achieve product excellence within this sector.
Ascertainment of Target Market
Company has ascertained that millennials within UK are highly attracted towards new
and innovative products within market. Thus, Hotpoint has decided to launch TV set of 58” in
UK market. This location has been strategically selected so as to gain benefits of the excellent
infrastructure, labour, materials and lucrative opportunities that this place holds for businesses.
Cost benefit analysis
This is a systematic approach used by business entities to gain knowledge of the probable
strengths and weaknesses of alternatives which helps in ascertaining the best way to achieve
benefits within a marketplace. In this regards, Hotpoint is launching a new TV set of 58” in UK.
Cost benefit analysis is majorly conducted to ascertain whether the new product is gaining
acceptance within market and yielding the desired results or not. In this regard, it has been
analysed that the cost of launching 58” TV set in UK is ascertained to be around £23000 while
the expected expenses are around £15000. Thus, it has been analysed that company is gaining
profits by launching this product and enterprise should continue to produce and market this
product.
Gantt Chart
To formulate overall process in efficient way, it is essential for Hotpoint managers to
adopt Gantt Chart, it is a systematic process in which day to day activities are displayed
according to effective course of time which is mentioned below:
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Work break down structure: This structure help organisation to divide their set of
activities into small parts. It will help them to complete their urgent assigned work in effective
time frame. In relation with Hotpoint company can implement this structure as to assign suitable
working hour to each and every task.
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TASK 4
P4 Effectiveness of PLC in application of project
In order to launch a new product or services in a market place, an organisation can face a
lot problems and issues. To launch a new product and promote that in market place a huge time
and money is required to invest and proper execution of process is done. Therefore, to execute
the entire process in efficient way operational manager is required to play an effective role. They
have to conduct various operations and activities to launch the product in successful manner
(Fleming and Koppelman, 2016). There are different types of activities with the help of which
managers can execute their launching process that include, market survey, examining
requirement of customers, adopt formative techniques and tools use more innovative measures
and recognise power of purchasing. In addition to this, it is essential for them to develop
necessary appropriate strategies and improve their functions as to accomplish predetermined
objectives in desired way.
Also, with the adoption of new methodologies of Product Life Cycle( PLC), Work
Breakdown structure and Gantt chart company can perform their overall process in effective
way. These tools and techniques will benefit Hotpoint managers to conduct research in relation
to process of launching a new product. Mangers can take the advantage of team formation in
every department of their unit as to accomplish their objectives in proper time frame and
maintain quality of their product simultaneously
Waterfall model:This model is one of the most popular version in development life cycle.
With the implementation of this theory in their organisation company can increase effectiveness
of their PLC process. Water fall model benefits organisation to effectively analyse and distinct
each of their development phase. As per according to this method, once a product is developed it
only turned towards next phase, there will be no turning back for that. With the help of this
model Hotpoint can effectively strengthen their process of production.
Also, Hotpoint is going to launch a new 58'' TV, which is already in market by their
competitors, but they are providing some more features which will help them in attaining the
attraction of customers form each age group. As it has features by which children can experience
a fabulous gaming and also every one can enjoy 3D effects in that, which help customers to get
attracted towards it. The target of organisation is to launch the TV in 2 months and make a sale
of $ 10 millions at world wide with in 6 months, and if they are able to achieve this, that can
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become a huge milestone for them. The most deliverable think of product is, it allow the
customers to live the TV by providing exclusive 3D affects. Company use the strategies of their
competitors of developing a TV with 3D affects, which can help them in improving their sales
and profitability.
The product is very much reliable as, it can entertain each age group of society and it's
validity is also very high, as the technology used in TV is very advance that cannot get older in
very less time. Hotpoint can use programme theory for understanding the contribution of new
product in their chain of result. This can help organisation to gain knowledge about the affect of
results which product is going to pose on organisation.
Along with this, Hotpoint can adopt moderate pricing strategy for making the price of
product moderate, so that each financial group of society can afford it. Along with this, they can
use more effective strategies for promoting their products.
CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned report, it has been concluded that operation and project
management include day to day allotment to activities and organisational functions. It is required
for an organisation to know the importance of innovative in their workplace. In order to increase
sales performance and accomplish predetermined goals and targets in effective time frame an
organisation is required to do necessary modification and alteration in their structure. Managers
are required to develop systematic structure of work and gather resources required resources. It is
necessary for managers to analyse prevailing market condition and evaluate consumer perception
to accomplish their overall target effectively. Therefore, by the implementation of innovative
techniques and regularly keeps on modifying their working structure managers can efficiently
overcome problems and issues. This will aid them in increasing their quality of production and
promote profitability.
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