Operations management

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................2
TASK 1..........................................................................................................................................................3
P1. Different characteristics and roles of a manager and a leader.........................................................3
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................................6
P2. How role of a leader and function of a manager can be applicable on different organization
situations................................................................................................................................................6
P3. Several models and theories of approaches including system leadership, contingency and
situational leadership.............................................................................................................................7
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................................8
P4. Key approaches to operations management and roles played by managers and leaders................8
TASK 4........................................................................................................................................................11
P6. Various factors within business environment that mainly impact on operational management and
decision making by managers and leaders...........................................................................................11
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES ..............................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is always known as the administration of various business
practices in order to develop highest level of efficiency and possibility within firm. It is also
concerned as one of the converting material into end goods and services to get huge profit.
Together with management and operation both terms always make balancing cost with good
revenue in order to achieve highest net profit possibilities effectively. On the other side this can
be said that it is one of the essential and unique tools for firms which usually design overall
manufacturing of business process as per the customer’s demand to achieve success in future.
Present assignment is based on Marks and Spencer which is one of the best British multinational
retailer and deals with home appliances, clothes and food products (Alderton and Saieva, 2013).
It was found in the year of 1884 by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer and headquartered in
Westminster, London. Furthermore, discussion will be based on different characteristics and
roles of a leader and a manager in an organization. Appreciation of various functions which is
played by leader and a manager will get covered. Lastly, this report will focus on relationship
between leadership and management within the firm’s business.
TASK 1
P1. Different characteristics and roles of a manager and a leader.
Within the competitive business environment leaders and managers play important roles to
achieve organizational goals effectively. Along with this they also knew as the important tool of
an organization that also motivates its employees in a proper way. By having unique
performance styles they can attract large number of employees and encourage them towards
work (Brown and Bessant, 2013).
Leader: It is an individual or a people within the organization who always controls and modifies
various changes as per the firm requirements. Together with leaders have effective working style
by which they can fulfill firm's needs and wants on time and able to gain per-determined goals
properly? In context with Marks and Spencer, leader plays very crucial role in which they
accomplish organization’s needs and able to achieved desired goals. Therefore, leader always
considered as the first priority of an organization.
Roles of a leader-

Goal oriented: Leader plays essential role to monitoring and controlling overall
activities in a firm with proper manner. At the same time they also coordinate with its colleges
and group members in order to meet their overall needs and demand in the firm.
Needed at all levels: Leadership is an essential tool for every firm which helps firm to
operate overall business in a systematic way. Therefore, in order to take appropriate decisions
every organization needs leader's views to achieve targeted goals.
Representative of the organization: Leader also plays the role of representative by
which they can arrange various seminars, general meetings, conferences for their special clients
in relation with organization (Bromiley and Rau, 2016).
Characteristics of a leader-
Communicative ability: It is one of the best characteristic of leadership this is because
they can easily communicate with different people within the organization and make
organization effective in front of others.
Positive attitude: Leader always have positive attitude which shows that they can behave
positively with their group of people in the organization and also influence higher authorities
within the organization. Therefore, this sort of characteristic usually influences others.
Manager: It is a person who is an operator of a specific group of tasks as well as subset of an
organization. Along with this manager have various people who usually report tom him on time.
Therefore, he always manages each and every kind of situation in business and reaches business
at higher level. In reference with Marks and Spencer, manager has responsibility to check overall
system of an organization like how their employees working in the company and what kind of
efforts they are trying to achieve appropriate goals in an effective manner.
There are different types of functions (given by Henri Fayol) played by the manager
within Marks and Spencer, explained below:
Functions-
Planning: According to Henri Fayol, it is one of the best function of an organization
which is make by a manager. By having appropriate plan manager can make effective and unique
strategies for Marks and Spencer in order to implement on new ideas or thoughts. With the help
of this resource manager can achieve predetermined goals towards the organization (Chiarini and
Vagnoni, 2015).