Optical 5G Fronthaul (Microwave Photonic)

OPTICAL 5G FRONTHAUL (MICROWAVE PHOTONIC)
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Literature Review
Transport networks will form an n integral part of 5G networks development. A number of the
existing technologies will be used in the construction of the network including radio over fiber
transmission as well as millimeter wave technologies [1]. Radio over fiber technology includes
the fiver as well as the ratio wave communication. In the transmission wireless communication,
mobile fraunthall networks as well as transmission systems which link the central office and the
base station depended on wireless communication in in the bands of microwave frequency. The
current network make use of MW band found in the electromagnetic spectrum for the purposes
of transmission hence it is anticipated that 5G mobile networks are able to utilize MMW band in
a more efficient manner with interferences that are neglible with the current wireless networks.
The capacity of the transmission is limited by the microwave fraunthall owing to the available
bandwidths which are very narrow. With the opening at MMW bands, higher rates of data are
achievable. A new spectral window is opened by MMW technology that is to be used for
transmission in the next generation [2]. Still, the MMW carrier’s high frequencies allow them to
transmit data at relatively high date rates in comparison with the RF carriers that are found in the
MW band.
As a result of the rapid revolution being experienced and witnessed ion mobile technology,
wireless communication technology has managed to evolve from 1G t0 4G. The main focus of
the 4G technology was on the seamless integration of cellular network among them 3G, WLAN,
GSM and Bluetooth. Researchers and scholars are at the moment work on how to define the
wireless communication of the next generation. With emphasis put on small cell concepts,
enhancement of capacity, network speed as well as introduction of new technologies of
communication, 5G is on progress an improvement in the capacity as well as speed is need to

ensure the communication for the possibility billions of wireless devices is made more feasible
[3]. WAN at millimeter bands tends to have large bandwidth that provides an alternative for high
speed hotspot or indoor communication that is to be use by 5G.
In supporting the combination of mm-wave ratio as well as small cells for future access by 5G,
an important role is played by fiber optic both in the backhaul a front haul networks. Optical
access network should be scalable to support the anticipated deployment goals of 5G by 2020.
As is notable from the diagram above, making an end-to-end transport network requires a
connection of all the various types of WAN to the fiber optic. In on hand, the high speed as well
as convenient mm-wave alongside small cell WAN is used while on the other, OAN offer access
to very high speed internet for fiver to the x(FTTX) [4]. Numerous bands among them the local
multipoint distribution service at between 28 and 30 GHz, 92-95 GHz, the licence free band that