Organisational Analysis Assignment 1

Read and analyze four different papers on Organisational Analysis and understand the different rationales used. The papers discuss the usage of ICT materials in education, language of learning, digital technology in teaching, and ICT applications in Norwegian schools. The authors use different methods like secondary data analysis, data mining, and case study research. The papers match with the rationales of social relativism, functionalist theory, neohumanism, and teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge. Subject, course code, and college/university are not mentioned.

Running head: MANAGEMENT
Management
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Student Name:
Student ID:

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 1
Questio
n
In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
Authors have mainly talked about the usage of ICT materials in the field of
education. They are of the opinion that in the modern day scenario there has
been a transformation from the concept of teaching to that of learning
(Haugsbakk and Nordkvelle 2007). As a result of this the usage of ICT materials
has been brought into usage so that they can be brought under the curriculum of
several University boards and the other teaching institutions.
Answer hints:
 How do the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the
narrative presented?)
The narrative has been presented in a crisp and understandable language so that
it can be read and understood by all the different readers. The main motif was to
ensure that they are being able to understand the different changes that are
taking place in the field of education. It is essential for all the students and the
teachers to develop a thorough understanding of the pros and the cons of using
computers in he filed of education. However it is essential for all the students to
develop an understanding of the right and also the balanced usage of the ICT
materials so that they can use it for the enriching of their own knowledge base
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers? The method

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
that has been followed is mainly the secondary data analysis method. This is
because the data have mainly been taken from the different sources like journals,
pdf files , and other such sources. A Bibliometric Analysis methodology has
been used in order to find out the empirical efforts regarding the development of
the different changes and the modifications in the concept of learning
Answer hints:
 What data is relied on?
The data has been relied upon by collecting it from different secondary
analytic sources. It has been taken from several other sources like
journals and other such articles that have mainly been researched upon
by many of the other authors previously. However it has been seen that
there is reliability in the article as it has been taken from the works that
have got good recognition previously.
 How is data collected?
Data collection has been done mainly by following the method of secondary
data analysis method.
 How is data analysed?
There has been no involvement of any specific number of respondents or no
such overview or survey methods have been followed. There has been the
secondary
 Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
The conclusion can be worked upon by other writers and other researchers in
future. This is because as there will be many other works done on this particular
aspect in future. The approach that has been used is objective in nature as they
are talking about their own views and opinions for the purpose of dealing with

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
the emergence of ICT in field of education
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and
match your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational
Analysis
Social relativism among the four paradigms is used as it helps in understanding
about the different forms of cultures and beliefs that are present among the
individuals. Objective approach has been used as the author is trying to draw
upon their own opinions regarding the topic that is been carried on.
Answer hints:
 What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
This rationale is best suited as it helps in understanding the different views that
people have about the digitalization or use of ICT in education.
 Critically discuss your reasoning
ICT usage has surely been much helpful in diversifying the field of education
but at the same time it has also created some issues for some users.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 2
Questio
n
In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
The given article is talking about the different language of learning or the way
that is the medium in which the education or the language is being presented.
However there is a large scale variation in the medium or the language that is
actually being used in the modern day scenario for the purpose of learning
(Biesta 2004).
Answer hints:
 How do the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the
narrative presented?)
 Authors are of the opinion that often there is a common belief among the
learners that is the students and the guardians of the students that they
know their individual needs. They often suffer from this belief that they
are well aware about all the different kinds of needs and demands that
they have. However they feel that this is the normal model as per which
the students are the con summers and the teachers are the sellers or the
suppliers who will be selling those particular goods and services that
they are needed by the customers. However this can differ in some or the
other places as the customer may not often know about the different
kinds of services that they actually need.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
The methods that the authors have used are the secondary data analysis method.
This has helped them to gather a large number of information from the different
other sources like journal articles. Subjective approach has been used so that the
author can actually follow a semi structured method and can make sure that they
are able to get some kinds of opinions from the interview sessions being carried
on by different people.
Answer hints:
 What data is relied on?
The data that is relied upon is mainly dealing with the topic of education and
learning. The data that is given in this article mainly talks about the
development of a new kind of language that will be used by the learners for the
purpose of understanding about the different kinds of needs and demands that
they have.
 How is data collected? Semi structure interview
This is semi structured in nature as the interview questions and the different
opinions or the answers that have been obtained from the respondents have not
been done in a huge detailed manner, However there has been some kinds of
information that is presented in a very crisp and also a very understandable
manner. However this will help the readers and also the future researchers to
know that they can derive some kinds of useful information and can easily carry
on with their research works in the future days
 Semi structure interview
 How is data analysed?
Data analysis has been done by following the secondary data analysis method as
there is no involvement of any kinds of interview or survey questions. However

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
some of the onions are given in a manner that is not detailed and only sows
some kinds of information that has been given
 Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
The conclusions are open to be challenged in the future days as there will be
several challenges taking place in the field of education in general and in the
medium or the language of learning in the future. This is also because of the fact
that there are two different kinds students that is the normal and the others The
category of the “others” mainly include the ones that have some special features
and the act of questioning is thus dependent upon them and they do not know
about the special needs or services that they are about to get. The authors
assumptions have been done in a subjective manner. This is because the author
is taking the opinions from different other people and is presented in a small and
semi structured way
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and
match your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational
Analysis
Functionalist Theory is the best rationale for this article. This is because they
talk about the different parts that play an important role in the society.
This is because the medium of language or teaching is a part within the entire
education system. As a result of this, the teachers have and parents have to
cooperate with each other for the best education of their children and for
understanding the actual needs that the children have.
Answer hints:

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
 What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
The paradigm that is used is Functionalist Theory. This is in best match because
this is used for representing the different kinds of roles that are played by
different pats in the society. This is subjective approach as this is involving the
different opinions and the views of people or the respondents.
 Critically discuss your reasoning
Function theory is in best match because this is used for representing the
different kinds of roles that are played by different parts in the society.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 3
Questio
n
In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
The given article is mainly talking about the different ways in which the digital
technology has been brought into the field of study. However it must be made
sure that the teachers and the students both are well aware about the usage of the
models and the different ways in which they can use it (Howard et al. 2019).
Answer hints:
 How do the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the
narrative presented?)
The narrative has been presented in a very easy and understandable manner so
that it can be learned properly by the different future researchers. The authors
are trying to describe those teachers or the other educational writers have to
make sure that they are being able to understand the need that the students or the
learners will be having. Therefore they will have to use or adopt the suitable
ways in which they can continue teaching using the modern methods.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?
A combined method of data mining and systems thinking to research teaching
and learning is presented.
Answer hints:
 What data is relied on?
The data is relied on the different interviews and the opinions of people.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
 How is data collected?
The data has been collected by using the process of data mining and
systems thinking to research teaching and learning is presented. Data
mining and systems thinking to research teaching and learning is
presented. Primary sources have been used based on the quantitative data
analysis method. The author’s assumptions have been given in a
subjective manner as the opinions have been collected from a set of
respondents who have been able to give their opinions and their
observations regarding this matter.
 How is data analysed?
(1) factor generation, (2) creation of fuzzy sets and (3) mining of association
rules are the three different stages that have been used for the purpose of making
of the analysis of the data or the information that has been collected from the
sources. There are more than 1000 respondents so that there can be a large
number of data that has been collected. This has been helpful as the researchers
have been able to get a huge number of different kinds of responses from a large
number of people having different kinds of mindsets.
 Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
There are many complicated factors or sub categories that are present in the
digital usage of the materials in the field of learning. However it must be noted
in this aspect that they can easily be subjected to any kinds of modifications or
further changes for the overall welfare of the educational and the teaching
system. There can be the cases of several future data collections where the
researchers will be able to collect more data and also lead to the foundation of
many different kinds of factors or aspects to the model of teachers’ learning and

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
also that of the student’s learning.
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and
match your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational
Analysis
Neohumanism rationale is best suited among the four paradigms that can be
used for this article. The data mainly talks about the different ways in which the
newer and the ancient ideas are interconnected with each other.
Answer hints:
 What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
Neohumanism rationale is being considered as the best suited paradigms as
it can be used for the purpose of blending the traditional and the modern
methods of education and learning.
 Critically discuss your reasoning
The Neohumanism model causes the blending of the newer and old models. The
method that is being used is subjective in nature as the authors are taking the
views of the different respondents that is the teaching professionals.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 4
Questio
n
In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
The given article is mainly talking about the different kinds of ICT applications
that are being used by the teachers in the Norwegian schools. This article deals
with the advantages that the students in these schools are actually deriving from
the usage of the ICT or the digitally advanced materials (Almås and Krumsvik
2008). This article mainly dealt with the theories about teachers’ technological
pedagogical content knowledge as a framework and tried to focus on the
different ways in which the teaching professionals are actually explaining these
changes.
Answer hints:
 How do the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the
narrative presented?)
The work has been presented in the form of a research proposal and the
objective has been clearly stated by the authors. They have tried their level best
in order to understand about the pros and the cons of the different works that the
teachers the technology rich schools have to undertake in order to explain their
thoughts and the understandings.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?
This study was designed to employ generic qualitative research and the case
study research methods have also been used by the researchers in order to
understand about this aspect. There have been the usage of the semi structure

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
interviews, the observation sessions have also been carried on in the classroom
so that the researchers can get the different kinds of views and the different
kinds of situations that are actually occurring in the digitally rich organization.
Interviews conducted on conducted both one on one and in groups, assisted by
video from classrooms. The assumptions of the authors are presented in a
objective manner as the authors have carried on an in depth research and
analysis by collecting the opinions from different respondents.
Answer hints:
 What data is relied on?
The data is relied upon the different kinds of information and the different kinds
of sources that have been used. Data collection methods used is a set of many
different kinds of techniques. Data triangulation has also been used.
 How is data collected?
Data collection was mainly done in six different steps. Data collection methods
used is a set of many different kinds of techniques. Data triangulation has also
been used.
 How is data analysed?
The first four states of the data collection steps have been dealt with the
discussion if the usage of ICCT with the issue of new pedagogy. This has
showed the different views and the opinions that the teachers are having about
the ways in which the digital methods or the ICT materials are being used.
 Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
The conclusion is surely opened to several future works and further studies as

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
the research gaps shows some lack. This research lacks the measurement of the
differences between what teachers do and what they actually planned to do
about some years ago.
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and
match your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational
Analysis
Radical structuralism holds good for this article. This paradigm has been chosen
as it helps in breaking the stereotype of age old educational system and start
using the modern ICT materials. The approach that has been used in the
subjective approach. The author has not reached out to the solutions in a rapi8d
or neutral manner but has reached out through the collection of data from the
different participants or the respondents.
Answer hints:
 What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
The Radical structuralism is among the four paradigms that is being used for the
purpose of this topic.
 Critically discuss your reasoning
Radical structuralism talks about the different kinds of methods or ways in
which the defences between the two are being blurred. The two subjects here are
the what teachers are teaching by using ICT materials and what they thought
few years ago.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
References
Almås, A.G. and Krumsvik, R., 2008. Teaching in Technology-Rich Classrooms: is there a
gap between teachers' intentions and ICT practices?. Research in Comparative and
International Education, 3(2), pp.103-121.
Biesta, G., 2004. Against learning. Reclaiming a language for education in an age of
learning. Nordic Studies in Education= Nordisk Pedagogik, 23, pp.70-82.
Haugsbakk, G. and Nordkvelle, Y., 2007. The Rhetoric of ICT and the New Language of
Learning: a critical analysis of the use of ICT in the curricular field. European Educational
Research Journal, 6(1), pp.1-12.
Howard, S.K., Thompson, K., Yang, J. and Ma, J., 2019. Working the system: Development
of a system model of technology integration to inform learning task design. British Journal of
Educational Technology, 50(1), pp.326-341.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Bibliography
Keane, T., Keane, W.F. and Blicblau, A.S., 2016. Beyond traditional literacy: Learning and
transformative practices using ICT. Education and Information Technologies, 21(4), pp.769-
781.
Madsen, S.S., Archard, S. and Thorvaldsen, S., 2019. How different national strategies of
implementing digital technology can affect teacher educators. A comparative study of teacher
education in Norway and New Zealand.
Sanchez, S.A., Mercado, C.A., Serpa, J.F., Julio, J.S. and Almanza, A.J., 2019, May. Use of
ICT Tools using the PBL Methodology as a Student Learning Strategy. In IOP Conference
Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 519, No. 1, p. 012031). IOP Publishing.