Organisational Analysis Assignment 1

Read and analyze four research papers on Organisational Analysis and answer the given questions. The papers analyzed are Howard et al. (2019), Almås and Krumsvik (2008), Haugsbakk and Nordkvelle (2007), and Biesta (2004). The papers discuss the integration of technology in learning, the gap between teachers' intentions and ICT practices, the rhetoric of ICT and the new language of learning, and the new language of learning in education.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
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Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 1:
Howard, S.K., Thompson, K., Yang, J. and Ma, J., 2019. Working the system: Development of a system
model of technology integration to inform learning task design. British Journal of Educational
Technology, 50(1), pp.326-341. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bjet.12560
Question In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
How do the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the narrative
presented?)
Author tries to explain their perspective that there has been wider research into factor
influencing the digital technology integration in learning as well as technology.
However, the difficulty about integration continues for eluding the comprehension.
Therefore, questions regarding how digital technologies could be best implemented
for supporting the learning persist.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?
What data is relied on?
Data is depended on examining the difficulties of integration of technology within
learning as well as, teaching. This study also emphasizes on data regarding factors
related to experience of students with application of digital technologies as well as,
belief regarding learning.
How is data collected?
Data is gathered through using a data mining technique. It is beneficial for addressing
the patterns regarding the application of technology among students and perceptions
regarding group work. Along with this, revised model is applied for depicting the
potential impacts of the scholars experience within integrated group learning activities
of technology. In addition to this, analysis is conducted on large-scale Australian
investigation about technology innovation.
How is the data analysed?
In this investigation, association analysis was conducted in different phases such as
factor generation, development of fuzzy sets as well as, mining of related regulation.
Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
The conclusions is challenging as it concluded that revision of model entails the factors
affecting the experience and learning of students as well as, their impact on practices
of teachers. It also concluded that there is implication regarding learning design as
well as, the learning experience of students is accessed.
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and match
your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational Analysis
What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
The rational is matched with the analysed paper. It argues that the method is intended
for evaluating that the complex system is required for comprehending the interplay

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
among digital technologies, learning, and teaching. It also starts with creating the
system model about the technology integration of teachers. This study assesses the
model for including the factors of experience of a student by using digital technologies
as well as, beliefs regarding learning.
Critically discuss your reasoning
This paper is selected to develop the understanding regarding the improvement in a
system model for integration technology in order to update learning about designing
of task. This paper is selected to comprehend how system model could be considered
in new information together with, intensify the comprehension regarding existing
factors. It also discussed that models are open to revision and flexible that permits the
growth as knowledge about system increases. This paper evaluated that data mining
approach is suitable for investigating the integration of technology as perceptions,
landscapes and, application in teaching as well as, changes in learning.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 2
Almås, A.G. and Krumsvik, R., 2008. Teaching in Technology-Rich Classrooms: is there a gap between
teachers' intentions and ICT practices?. Research in Comparative and International Education, 3(2),
pp.103-121. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2304/rcie.2008.3.2.103
Question In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
How does the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the narrative
presented?)
The author is making effort to describe context and finds causes for aspects regarding
pedagogical behaviour of Norwegian teachers. Furthermore, choices through
emphasizing on their opinions, practices in technology-rich classrooms as well as,
through assessing how they illustrate them. Aim of this investigation is to improve
understanding regarding how tutors in leading-edge school may realize about chances
of technology related atmosphere, application of theory regarding technological
academic of teacher and content understanding like structure.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?
What data is relied on?
Data is related to this study focuses on teachers are eclectic, autonomous practitioners
as well as, application regarding technology, pedagogical as well as, content
understanding for demonstrating the connections. The data is also relied on organizing
the learning environment as per the scholars.
How is data collected?
Semi-structured interview is used for collecting the data. Data is collected through
researchers and school reports as well as, development performance of ICT. In
addition to this, data is gathered through interviews with videotaped lessons,
teachers, and videotaped considerations with teachers after lessons, as well as,
videotaped evaluation entailing sharing of teachers and their reflection with the
classmates.
How is data analysed?
The documented analysis is used for analysing the data and also entails the plan and
research report regarding previous ICT project. This document focuses on innovation,
organization, learning, and technology at selected school as well as, developed the
basis regarding the interview guide. This document assessment is considered the
public records as well as research-created documents. It is an entry point about
knowledge of perspective.
Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
Conclusion is challenging in this article as, it indicates that when teachers do not sense
relaxed with transformations, teaching activities stay same. Moreover, these teachers
have created as well as, have continued for creating and digital academic content

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
understanding. It is required into digitized school in the current scenario.
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and match
your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational Analysis
What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
The rational is best matched to paper analysed as it focuses on teaching in technology
and the gap between the intention of teachers and ICT practices. This paper
emphasizes on the Norwegian school system and states that there is higher priority
regarding information as well as, communication technology as well as, its ICT density
could be high with the one laptop per student. It also considers the desirable and
being nearly attained. This paper also focuses on small differences among their
explanation about existing teaching practices as well as, video recording regarding
their classes.
Critically discuss your reasoning
This paper is selected to understand the experience of the teacher and the
respondent. This paper develops the understanding of teaching technology and
motivates the teachers for creating a condition where scholars would be involved,
creative, inventive, and accountable. This paper describes that teachers are asked for
creating situations for learning that they have addressed prior to themselves. In this
condition, teachers should be taught to predict unforeseen.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 3
Haugsbakk, G. and Nordkvelle, Y., 2007. The Rhetoric of ICT and the New Language of Learning: a
critical analysis of the use of ICT in the curricular field. European Educational Research Journal, 6(1),
pp.1-12.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2304/eerj.2007.6.1.1
Question In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
How does the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the narrative
presented?)
Author tries to assess their perspective about how an individual observes new
technology as well as, technological development within the setting of education. It
also seeks for developing the critical association among rhetoric related to information
and communication technology as well as, what Biesta called is known as the new
language of learning. The author also claims that the initiation regarding ICT has relied
on rhetoric typical regarding marketing and advertising. Moreover, the author claims
that ICT is driving forces regarding the rhetorical movement from teaching to learning.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?
What data is relied on?
Data is relied on Biesta’s perspective and identifies the concrete scrutiny regarding
existing trends in education as well as, initiation of ICT in the context of education.
How is data collected?
The data is gathered for exploring empirical impact of the creating of the language of
learning. The data is gathered by bibliometric assessment. A researcher has also
searched different databases for making efforts for addressing some popularity curves
with respect to some terms such as learning and teaching.
How is the data analyzed?
Bibliometric analysis is used for facilitating the assistance to Biesta’s key hypothesis. It
demonstrates that there is a radical change from coaching to learning. Data is possibly
influenced through rhetoric connected to application of ICT.
Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
Conclusion could be challenging because, in current Norwegian curricular texts, ICT is
considered as situation as rationalizing technique where teaching could be developed
efficiently, individually designed as well as, flexible approach. The purpose is to
critically assess the manner where teaching is more and less mechanically replaced
through learning; persuade about rhetoric of information and communication
technology has had as well as, how ICT together with learning seems to be linked by
mere couplings of rhetorical. This paper concluded that the student act as consumer of

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
services offered through facilitators. It is an illusion that is reproduced through a
learning management system vendor in question. The author also thinks that the
movement from teaching to learning has been processed strongly initiated by the
preface of ICT.
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and match
your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational Analysis
What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
The rational is related to analyse paper as it is associated with organizational analysis.
This paper also illustrated that within this ‘new language’, the learner is considered as
consumer with requirements that should be attained through teachers. Rhetoric
considers that ‘teaching’ is replaced through knowledge as well as, challenges that
traditional curriculum within different manners.
Critically discuss your reasoning
This paper discusses that the new language of learning is opinion, which considers a
high amount of prospected understanding. As per Biesta, this new language could be
related to fundamental propensity within existing society, theories of knowledge,
impact of postmodernism, impact of individualism as well as, attrition regarding
welfare condition.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
Given Paper 4
Biesta, G., 2004. Against learning. Reclaiming a language for education in an age of learning. Nordic
Studies in Education= Nordisk Pedagogik, 23, pp.70-82.
http://publications.uni.lu/bitstream/10993/7178/1/NP-1-2005-Biesta.pdf
Question In your lectures, four rationales for organisational analysis are described.
1 Critically discuss the argument presented by the author(s).
How does the author(s) try to describe their context? (e.g. how is the narrative
presented?)
Author tries to describe their perspective regarding critical assessment of the new
language about learning that has become leading within educational discourse over
the previous years. In this article, the researcher has addressed the new language of
learning. It has also provided some illustrations and manifestations of this language. It
also ensures that there are different examples regarding working of this language that
not only indicates how others speak regarding education, however, indicates how the
researcher has come to speak regarding education. The author also recommended
that the origin of new language about learning could be demonstrated as unintended
results in range of several growths. These developments are related to new theories of
learning, postmodern critiques regarding the modern education, social as well as
political transformation in western communities, and silent explosion of learning, most
considering the aspect that the dismantling of the welfare state.
2 What is the method - how do the author(s) convince their readers?
What data is relied on?
Data relies on impact of postmodernism on education as well as, education theory
gave a contribution to rising the language of learning.
How is data collected?
Data was gathered by postmodern critique of modern education. It has also
demonstrated the authoritarian educational practices as well as structures.
How is the data analysed?
Content data analysis method was practiced for analysing the data in this research.
Are the conclusions open to be challenged?
Conclusion is challenging as it reclaims the language and education. A language is
competent for comprehending what really expose the educational associations. It is
concluded that in order to expose the students, learners should emphasize differences
and challenges for responding. It is one of the basic tasks for educators and teachers.
It could be a highly complex task that considers huge accountability for those who
dare to take on this responsibility. It could be unique, subjective for students and
learners as well as, is unlimited accountability that could not be measured.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
3 Drawing on your answers from analysing Q (1) and (2), critically analyse and match
your analysis to the rational given in Lecture 1 for Organisational Analysis
What rational is best matched to the paper analysed?
Rational is best matched to analysed paper. This paper focusing on the aspect that
new language of learning permits for developing comprehension regarding education
as an economic exchange among consumer and provide. This paper also describes that
accomplishing the need of learner not only makes it complex for demonstrating the
contributions educators but also makes it complex for informing, democratic
evaluation regarding content as well as, the purpose of education.
Critically discuss your reasoning
This article facilitates a framework regarding the possible language of and for
education. One individual can focus on trust, violence as well as, responsibility as
significant constituents about relationships that are actually educational. This paper
focuses on the aspect that learning always considers risk and trust is significant
constituent about educational situations and associations.

Organisational Analysis Assignment 1
References
Almås, A.G. and Krumsvik, R., 2008. Teaching in Technology-Rich Classrooms: is there a gap between
teachers' intentions and ICT practices?. Research in Comparative and International Education, 3(2),
pp.103-121. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2304/rcie.2008.3.2.103
Biesta, G., 2004. Against learning. Reclaiming a language for education in an age of learning. Nordic
Studies in Education= Nordisk Pedagogik, 23, pp.70-82.
http://publications.uni.lu/bitstream/10993/7178/1/NP-1-2005-Biesta.pdf
Haugsbakk, G. and Nordkvelle, Y., 2007. The Rhetoric of ICT and the New Language of Learning: a
critical analysis of the use of ICT in the curricular field. European Educational Research Journal, 6(1),
pp.1-12.
Howard, S.K., Thompson, K., Yang, J. and Ma, J., 2019. Working the system: Development of a system
model of technology integration to inform learning task design. British Journal of Educational
Technology, 50(1), pp.326-341. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bjet.12560
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2304/eerj.2007.6.1.1