Impact of Organizational Behavior

This assignment delves into the crucial role of organizational behavior in shaping workplace dynamics. It examines various aspects of organizational behavior, including motivation, leadership, communication, and conflict resolution, and analyzes their impact on individual and group performance. The assignment requires students to critically evaluate scholarly sources and apply theoretical concepts to real-world scenarios.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIO

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. (a) Handy's cultural typology to handle organisational cultural......................................1
P1 (b) Influence of culture, politics and power of an organisation on individuals' behaviour
and team performance............................................................................................................2
M1 Analysis of culture, politics, power of Unilever and its influence on individual and group
................................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2. (a) Content and process theories of motivation................................................................3
(b) Describe motivational techniques.....................................................................................4
(c) How to improve the level of motivation...........................................................................5
M2 Influencing behaviour through motivational theories, models, concepts........................6
PART 2............................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P3. (a) Identify different types of teams.................................................................................6
M3 Analysing Relevant Team and Group Development Theories........................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P4. (a) Using appropriate organisational theory to improve team performance....................9
(b) Determine the barriers that could affect team performance.............................................9
M4 Evaluation of concepts and policies influencing organisation in positive and negative way
..............................................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
The people who are working in a company are the most important assets so they are to be taken
care of . An organisational behaviour can be defined as the study of human behaviour in a
workplace. It is very important for the company to maintain the behaviour of an individual as it
plays role in developing the organisation (Griffin, and Moorhead, 2011). This study is conducted
by the company to become more efficient in its work and through this the company is able to
develop their thinking structure which will help them in getting new ideas as well. The
organisation given in this report is BBC which is the oldest British public broadcasting company
that airs new in more than 28 languages. This report will discuss about the impact of culture and
policies of BBC on the performance and behaviour of its employees. It will also discuss various
theories and techniques of motivation that will help them in achieving objectives and goals.
PART 1
TASK 1
P1. (a) Handy's cultural typology to handle organisational cultural
Handy cultural typology: -
This organisational culture theory was developed by Charles Handy in 1999. In this
structure, there are four models through the manager of the organisation gets the opportunity to
choose their culture. So, by implementing this company will be able to get an effective
organisational culture at world. These are:-
 Power Culture - If the organisation is having power culture, then it means that here the
power is in the hands of few individuals only who is having their influence all around the
organisation. In this, the employees are generally judged by what they achieve and not by
how they do things or act. If BBC will follow this culture then it will be very helpful for
them in taking the decisions for the company. Through this it will be very easy for them
to delegate duties.
 Role Culture – Here, the organisation is based on rules. The whole company is highly
controlled and everyone in the company knows what their roles and responsibilities are.
In this type of culture, power is determined by the position of the person in the company
(Colquitt and et. al., 2011). If this culture will be followed in BBC then the each and
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every person present there will be knowing their roles and responsibilities in advance so
performing the work will be very easy .
 Task Culture – This type of culture is adopted by the company when they have to for aa
team for a specific purpose in the company like for a particular project etc. So, in this the
power keeps on shifting between the team as per their roles and status of the project. If
this will be followed in BBC then also its good because forming a team and then doing
work is always good for the company. Here, company has the chance to get various
innovative ideas which can be used by them later on (Osland and Turner, 2011).
 Personal Culture – If a company is following this culture then there thee individuals
consider them as superior to the organisation. Here, basically the employees are more
concerned for themselves rather than the organisation. This culture will not suit BBC as it
is an organisation which shoes news and if employees will not concentrate on the main
headlines then wrong information may reach the readers.
P1 (b) Influence of culture, politics and power of an organisation on individuals' behaviour and
team performance
Organisation can be defined as a place where so many employees work together achieve
the goal of the company. So their behaviour plays a very important role in maintaining a good
working environment inside the company. Similarly , the organisational behaviour ids also vey
important as it helps them in understanding the behaviour and attitude of the employees. So, in
this the culture, politics and power pay a very important role. This nis created by the employees
only and it benefits them only. BBC also maintains such type of business environment inside
their companies.
Influence of culture:- culture is having a very strong control in working of companies since
if culture maintained adequately in an organisation then workers will not feel uncomfortable
therefore it increases chances of employee maintenance. A company's culture is shown in its
office environment, business hours, employee benefits, client’s treatment, satisfaction, their dress
code etc. BBC also maintains a good culture vanbd that is why the employees who are working
there is happy with the environment and therefore they are giving good results also (Elangovan,
Pinder and McLean, 2010).
.
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Influence of power and politics:- These factors are also very influential inside the companies as
it involves all these activities that are performed by the employees of the company to achieve
their desired goal. Both power and politics are two different terms and both are having both
positive and negative impacts in the society. If a particular person is given some power and if he
is morally correct then he will not misuse it but if he is not the he may misuse it and create
problematic situations for others (Umphress, Bingham and Mitchell, 2010)
. They do various kinds of planning and plotting in order to deceive them in office, similar if a
person is doing negative politics then it will destroy the environment of the company and
employees will also not feel comfortable while working. These kinds of situations arise only
when the employee is not satisfied with what they are getting from the company.
M1 Analysis of culture, politics, power of Unilever and its influence on individual and group
Since BBC is one of the top most news channel in the world so they also need to maintain
a good environment inside the company because then only they will be able to recruit and retain
one of the best talents in the world. BBC is following power culture in their company as they
believe that power should not be distributed to everyone in the organisation, it should only be
given to the experienced one. Therefore they are also not having any wrong use of power in the
company as it can be seen that the company is growing steadily.
TASK 2
P2. (a) Content and process theories of motivation
It can be seen ,many times that the person is having a good knowledge in the company but
due to some problem they are not ale to display their talent and if they will motivated well by
the members of the company then they will fell comfortable and perform well. So, motivation is
a very important factor in the company. It helps in bringing efficiency in the company.
Motivated people generally have a positive outlook towards life and so they try to implement it
in the company as well. This helps in bringing a positive environment inside the company and it
increases the productivity of employees and company both. Motivation is an important factor and
these companies which acknowledge this appoints good leaders in their companies so as to train
the employees well and motivate them as well (Nelson and Quick, 2013)
. These leaders play a great role in changing the behaviour and confidence of employees.
Motivation can be given in two forms:-
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 Extrinsic – It is that factor when external factors play a very important role in
bringing monition inside the organisation. It ca be in the form of holiday packages,
bonus etc.
 Intrinsic – In this factor, employees are motivated by giving them what they desire
for. If the employee will think that the company is thinking so much about them
then they will also feel positive towards the company and will perform well further.
(b) Describe motivational techniques
There are two types of motivational techniques, i.e. content and process theory.
Content theory:- These are also known as Need theories as it concentrates on significance of
what employees wants and how can they be motivated to perform well (Bolino, and et. al.,
2013)
. Here basically they try to identify the 'needs' of people and then relate it with motivational
factors. It is basically divided into four categories:-
 Maslow’s need hierarchy theory- In this theory focus is on the psychological needs of the
employees and so the whole theory discusses about five types of needs of the person and
they are-
o Psychological needs-
o Safety needs-
o Self Esteem needs
o Self Actualization-
 Hertzberg Two factor theory – As per this theory, there are two fac6tors that pays an
important role in motivating people inside the company and they are:-
Hygiene factors:- These are the type of factors which affects the employees if they ae present but
if they are not present then the employees are not affected by it at all (Locke, 2011)
. These include security benefits, working benefits etc.
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Figure 1Content theory
Source: Content theory,2017
Process theory – The theory is accessible that how to implement motivation at workplace.
In this context, some process theories are defined as below: -
 Vroom Theory – The theory states that each worker has its individual goals and objectives
which motivates them to achieve well. In order to persuade a desire, need should be strong
and make enough to put effort worthwhile (Vasu, Stewart and Garson, 2017).
 Adam's Theory of Motivation: - It is also called as 'Equity Theory' which speaks about
balance of inputs and outputs that are invested by workforce. This theory believes that
employees in business become demotivated if they think that they are not getting rewards
for their work and their inputs are more than outputs.
(c) How to improve the level of motivation
In various big organisation, such as BBC, they are having so many employees that are
working in their company. So, it is their moral responsibility to take care of them, give them
respect which they deserve and provide them all the necessities. So, basically they need to,
motivate the employees so that they become comfortable and perform well in the company.
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Various types of motivational theories is applied by the organisations so that every employee is
motivated. There are so many employees who may be doing the same work but the way through
which they will be motivated can not be same. So, companies must try to know their employees
better so that they can be motivated according to their likes and dislikes (Morgeson And et. al.,
2013).
. Maslow’s theory is of great help for the companies as they determine the basic needs of the
employees. If the employees will be serves as per their needs then it will help them in increasing
their efficiency and company’s objectives will be achieved faster. For ex. - BBC news can give
job safety or assurance to its employees. Because if, firm will ensure the responsibility and duties
of team members then they are encouraged to give qualitative services as it will give them clarity
about the work that they have to perform in the company as so they will be preparing themselves
for it slowly and slowly.
M2 Influencing behaviour through motivational theories, models, concepts
It is true that an employee can be motivated if the company is applying good, motivational
theories in the company. BBC is also applying various types of motivational theories through
which they are able to manage their employees very well and it can be very well seen in their
work performance. Their management is very effective and they have appointed few good
leaders also who are giving good training to the employees.
PART 2
TASK 3
P3. (a) Identify different types of teams
A team is a very important part of the company. It is basically prepared when the company
needs so many employees to work together on a project. There are various types of teams that are
made by the company as they believe that it will bring a sense of belonging in the employees and
their relations will also improve. Different types of teams are:- Functional or department teams- – In this type of team an individual focuses on which he
has mastered and works with everyone for achieving the goal of the company .these
teams are generally permanent and works on ongoing projects or goals. Problem solving teams- These types of teams are formed for solving a particular issue
only and are generally temporary in nature. In BBC, there is a problem solving team
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which creates useful solutions in order to conquer certain barriers (Restubog and et. al.,
2011). Leaders of such teams are having modern skills as they examine on the whole
market condition and then make remarkable judgements.
 Cross Functional teams- These types of teams are formed when teams of two different
departments come together and do a collective event for the company like a new product
launch etc.
 Virtual Teams- - In this type of team communication is done digitally rather than in
person. It helps them in performing their work in an easier way. So, the staff should be
having good knowledge about the technology as well so that they can make use of it and
communicate digitally (Levine, 2010).
(b) How to make an effective team and describe Tuckman model of team development
Making a team is easy but if it’s not effective then it will not give good results to the
company. So, managers of the company should try to make an effective team and for thid they
need to bring only those employees together who are having same needs and wants and can
adjust with each other. If team will be effective then the work which will be done by them will
create wonders and will remove all the issues of the company. If BBC will have strong and
efficient teams then they can easily develop its functions and working operations. The
importance of strong team work can be described as :-
 It helps ion generating efficiency and effectiveness in working activities.
 It helps in improving the employee relations in the company.
 It helps the employees in getting creative ideas to the employees since they are
communicating with each other very well.
Tuckman and Jensen’s model of team development :
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Figure 2Tuckman's theory
(Source-3Tuckman's theory,2017)
This model explains the team development in a very graceful way. It is a four way model which
are:-
 Forming- here, Team members takes the help of leader’s guidance in order to get the
directions.
 Storming- here, the storming situation means when there is a discussion going on in a team
and all the members are trying to prove their part correct (Lazaroiu, 2015)
 Norming- here, roles and responsibilities are separated among the employees and are
received by employees also. Big decisions are taken by group agreement only.
 Performing- here, whole team knows that what task are they performing and competing it
without an help from leader.
M3 Analysing Relevant Team and Group Development Theories
Since BBC is a big organisation so there are so many teams and group development theories
that ae applied by them and one of them is Belbin’s theory in which he has determined some
factors that are to followed by the members of the team ands it is called team roles. These can be
summarised as :-
 Resource investigator
 Team worker
 Coordinator
 Specialist-
 Implementer
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But BBC also applies Tuckman’s theory as it is considered as one of the best theory and by
applying this theory the members present in the team become mature and can take their own
decisions as well.
TASK 4
P4. (a) Using appropriate organisational theory to improve team performance
If BBC wants to improve the performance of the organisation then they have to create a
team in the company who needs to be efficient as well. So, if the team is not performing well and
the company wants to improve their performance then they can do it by applying various theories
like Tuckman’s theory , Path goal theory etc.
Path goal theory:-
This theory describes the leadership style that is best for the company. The main aim of this
theory is to increase the motivation of employees and also t empower them so that they become
more productive and efficient (MacKenzie, Podsakoff and Podsakoff, 2011)
. It is based on Vroom’s theory of motivation. Certain steps are described in this theory
which are:-
 Determination of employee and environment characteristics
 Selection of leadership styles
 Focussing on motivational factors that will help employees in getting success.
(b) Determine the barriers that could affect team performance
There are many types of barriers that may arise in the performance of team and it can
affect the productivity of them as well. . Below mentioned are certain organisational barriers
which could influence overall productivity: -
Attitude or ego – If an employee is having certain type of attitude or ego in themselves then it i
not good for the company. In BBC it is made sure that not a single employee should have this
kind of attitude and if they are having them they are rusticated.
Lack of managerial involvement – There are any types of activities that are going on in the
company but the management will not participate then how will the employees be motivated to
participate so, it is the responsibility of the managers to participate themselves and involve the
employees also.
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Unclear goals – sometimes a team is created by the management without any goal or objective
which is very wrong because if the employees will not be clear about what they have to do them
it will show that the management is effective.
Poor communication- It is one of the worst barrier for the company. In this, the employees are
unaware of what is going on in the company as no information is shared with them
M4 Evaluation of concepts and policies influencing organisation in positive and negative way
The various concepts and policies that are applied by the management of the company
affects the behaviour of the employees very much and their performance as well. In the above
report man theories are being discussed like contingency theory and path goal theory. Both these
theories help the employees in improving their performance and as well as decision making
power. If the employees will learn how to take correct decisions then it will benefit the company
as well.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that maintaining organisational behaviour is
very important for the company enhancing its growth and success in the economy. Through this ,
company is able to boost the knowledge and skills of employees so as to get better results in
future. It also encourages the management to include culture and values inside the company so
that the working environment is improved. They also promote team building in this so that the
company is able to maintain employee relations and an effective team is developed by the
company. Therefore, an effective team is liable to attain business goals and objectives within
short time span. In order to overcome with barriers, managers have to adopt effective
organisational theories such as path goal through which managers can guide their employees in a
systematic manner.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Bolino, M. C. And et. al., 2013. Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior.
Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(4). pp .542-559.
Colquitt, J. and et. al., 2011. Organizational behavior: Improving performance and commitment
in the workplace. McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Elangovan, A. R., Pinder, C .C. and McLean, M., 2010. Callings and organizational behavior.
Journal of Vocational Behavior. 76(3). pp .428-440.
Griffin, R. W. and Moorhead, G., 2011. Organizational behavior. Cengage Learning.
Lazaroiu, G., 2015. Work Motivation and Organizational Behavior. Contemporary Readings in
Law and Social Justice. 7(2). pp .66.
Levine, E. L., 2010. Emotion and power (as social influence): Their impact on organizational
citizenship and counterproductive individual and organizational behavior. Human
resource management Review. 20(1). pp .4-17.
Locke, E. ed., 2011. Handbook of principles of organizational behavior: Indispensable
knowledge for evidence-based management. John Wiley & Sons.
MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M. and Podsakoff, N. P., 2011. Construct measurement and
validation procedures in MIS and behavioral research: Integrating new and existing
techniques. MIS quarterly. 35(2). pp .293-334.
Morgeson, F. P. And et. al., 2013. Extending corporate social responsibility research to the
human resource management and organizational behavior domains: A look to the future.
Personnel Psychology. 66(4). pp .805-824.
Nelson, D. L. and Quick, J.C., 2013. Organizational behavior: Science, the real world, and you.
Cengage learning.
Osland, J. and Turner, M., 2011. The organizational behavior reader. Pearson.
Restubog, S. L. D. And et. al., 2011. Yielding to (cyber)-temptation: Exploring the buffering role
of self-control in the relationship between organizational justice and cyberloafing
behavior in the workplace. Journal of Research in Personality. 45(2). pp .247-251.
Umphress, E. E., Bingham, J. B. and Mitchell, M. S., 2010. Unethical behavior in the name of the
company: the moderating effect of organizational identification and positive reciprocity
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beliefs on unethical pro-organizational behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology. 95(4).
pp .769.
Vasu, M. L., Stewart, D. W. and Garson, G. D. Eds., 2017. Organizational Behavior and Public
Management, Revised and Expanded. Routledge.
Online
How to Explain the Importance of Organizational Behaviors. 2017. [Online]. Available through:
<http://smallbusiness.chron.com/explain-importance-organizational-behaviors-
26383.html>. [Accessed on 19th November 2017].
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