Path-Goal Theory and BBC Firm Performance

This assignment analyzes Path-Goal Theory and its potential application within the BBC firm. It delves into various aspects of the theory, including employee traits, task and environmental characteristics, and different leader performance styles (directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented). The goal is to understand how Path-Goal Theory can be used to enhance employee satisfaction, improve work efficiency, and ultimately contribute to the long-term success of the BBC firm.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in context to BBC.......1
Handy’s cultural typology and earlier organizational culture within BBC................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Motivational theories for achieving organizational goals......................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P3 State what makes a team effective as opposed to an ineffective team...................................5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Philosophies and concepts of organisational behaviour........................................................8
Leadership Path Goal Theory......................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour is can be described as an analysis of human behaviour in its
working environment and analyse its impact on performance, communication, job structure,
motivation, leadership etc. It is a sequential study about how group and individual interact and
act within firm where they work.
BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is a public service world's largest and one of the
leading broadcaster business division in London. The firm gathers and broadcast news and
current affairs at about 120 hours of television and radio as well as online coverage too.
This report will talk about the effects of politics and other related factors on an employee
and group results and behaviour. In addition, this shall be evaluated the contribution of
motivational theories in achievement of goals of a firm along with given synopsis about certain
concepts of organizational behaviour (Azzone and Palermo, 2011).
TASK 1
P1
In this present era of high competition where an organization works in dynamic
environment power and politics are two major determinants that can either cause downfall or
can be major factor behind success of an organization. Power can be defined as capability to of
manager to influence and modify conduct of employees or teams in the desired manner which
can help in achieving firm's objectives. Organizational politics can be describes as those
activities which are related with use of influence strategies or tactics so as to improve personal or
firms interests. While organizational culture can be defined as values, norms, beliefs etc. that are
been followed by a company and its people (Boohene and Williams, 2012). It is of vital
importance that culture of an organization should be good enough providing a comfortable
working environment to its employees along with helping them to develop their performance
level. The role of power and politics also are key factors in business success as it is requisite for
management to utilize its strength and skills in an appropriate way so that employees can work in
one direction for achieving goals of a firm.

Handy’s cultural typology and earlier organizational culture within BBC
Handy’s cultural typology : According to this theory each organization have a specific
culture having unique set of values, beliefs etc. that keeps on changing accordance with the
change in time and business environment. Handy explains the different parts of the organisation
and their particular impact in the following manner
Power Culture: Handy compares this culture with a spider web in which all main people of
an organization are having centralized control over other members and employees. In case of
BBC very few individuals have the power and influence over other people. The system of BBC
recognises a person on basis of their achievement rather than their performance. It follows a
culture which enables firm to take quick an accurate decisions leading to work efficiency and
productivity of its personnel (Contrafatto and Burns, 2013).
 Role Culture: Role culture put emphasis on the roles played by employees of an
organization. In BBC every employee is aware about their expected role and
responsibilities that helps them to complete their task with best of their abilities
efficiently and effectively. In BBC, proper system of delegation of authority and
responsibilities takes place which increases their work efficiency.
 Task Culture: Task culture is highly job oriented focusing on influencing people to get
work done through them. BBC follows team culture where in employees are grouped
together as a team to attain some specific objective.
 Person Culture: Person culture is employee centric giving chance to employees to
consider themselves as superior and unique to the firm. The workforce of BBC is highly
concerned about their work performance for which they give their best efforts to
company but at the same time their expectation with firm is quiet high too.
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Figure 1Organization Culture
Source: (Organization Culture, 2012)
Culture, politics and power overall have affected the behaviour within BBC
BBC focuses on continuously improving its organizational culture in accordance to
changes occurring in its external an internal factor so as to improve its employees and operations
efficiency by fully utilizing capabilities of them to get maximum output and in return to
recognize their efforts by giving them proper compensation and benefits in the form of rewards.
It also makes efforts in reducing or minimizing hierarchy level of firm. For instance, there is
substantial decrease of 40% in the amount of superior manager for providing better working
conditions to its human resources. BBC follows a transparent communication system with its
workforce so as to enable and encourage them to discuss their issues to its employees so that the
can feel free to discuss their issues. Besides this, it also focuses on employment engagement
during decision making process, in providing healthier management visibility, simplifying
complex procedures, open and safe working atmosphere environment to enhance overall
productivity of its employees (Cojocaru, 2012).
TASK 2
P2 Motivational theories for achieving organizational goals.
Motivation plays a key role in identifying and utilizing capabilities, knowledge and skills
of an employee by encouraging them to give their best of abilities for achieving goals and
objectives of a firm. In past years BBC had encountered various issues related to training and
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development of its employees as mangers were not focused and concerned enough to develop
skills and knowledge of its workforce in reference to changes that were emerging in market
environment. This lead to decrease in motivational level of its employees leading to high
turnovers, reduction in work performance etc. To rectify this error and reduce the negative
impact of it it is of crucial importance for BBC company to provide proper guidance and
direction to its staff members which will help in reducing stress level of its employees leading
to enhance their work performance (Edgley-Pyshorn and Huisman, 2011). For attaining its
objectives and to develop skills and knowledge of its staff it is important for company to provide
proper training to its workforce. Various motivational theories that could be applied are: -
Maslow Theory of Motivation: This is the system in which the desires of human beings are
categorised into different parts: Physiological Needs: These are the basic wants of an individual which are essential for
its survival such as needs related to foodstuff, housing, water etc. An individual cannot
function or perform well until its basic requirement aren't fulfilled. Safety and Security Wants: It is associated with an individual’s wants for job security
and organizational safety to develop the state of health, assurance security for any sort of
risk. Social Needs: This wants are associated with an individual's desire to get associated and
accepted by society. It includes needs in form of love, affection, relationship and so on. Respect wants: This is another aspect which is associated with the esteem of an
individual to be recognized by other people for his /her work (Georgalis, Samaratunge,
Kimberley and et.al., 2015).
 Self-Actualization: It is on the top at Maslow pyramid and are generally realized only
after the above 4 needs of an individual is satisfied. It is concerned with the need of a
person to recognize its potential and to develop it full capacity.
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Intrinsic Motivation: It refers to situation when a person gets motivated within himself
due to behaviour driven by his internal process and internal rearwards. In it a person gets
motivated by himself in this internal type of motivation, an individual gets motivated by
performing a task he is interested in which the outcome is that the present state of self-
motivation is developed as per the requirement. Types of Basic Influence:
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 Information: Knowledge is a self-motivating factor which makes a person believe that
with an enhancement in knowledge will benefit them by inducing and increasing both
personal and profession growth.
 Accomplishment: In this, employees felt inspired once achievement of a specified task is
made. This generates sense of ownership and pride among them.
 Extrinsic Inspiration: This method includes encouraging personnel by providing them
with some external sources of motivation like fame, money, grade, praise etc. Manager of
BBC can reward it employees for their outstanding performance and attainment of
objectives within the time-frame (.Hamer and Collinson, 2014).
` The BBC make use of an intrinsic as well as extrinsic motivation as a factor for
stimulating productivity and performance of its workers. By applying Intrinsic motivation BBC
allot tasks or activities to its employees to be attained within specific time period. Employees
are then appraised according to their performance and rewarded for their good performance and
successful achievement of goals. It is found that the general public is more attracted towards the
source which provide and true and actual data about an event. BBC is known for same as it is
increasing the customer satisfaction level to a great extent.
TASK 3
P3 State what makes a team effective as opposed to an ineffective team
Workers forms cornerstones of any business playing a crucial role in its success and
growth. An effective, dedicated, proficient team serves as a competitive edge for a business over
its rivals as they work as single unit to accomplish organizational goals. In BBC, group and their
work is highly paying in giving viable answers of various problems in an appropriate way which
further raise the level of production and controlling the overall cost of to a great extent. Range of
variety in team are discussed below: -
Project team: - In project team employees are divided into diverse roles, teams and are
allotted with various projects for a particular work. Teams could be fragmented or branched as
per requirement. Project teams work on a specific project and are formed for a certain time
period. These teams require a right combination of abilities and skills as it involves engagement
of various departments in same project for its successful completion. In BBC, project team
supports in completion of the specific projects on time.
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Functional team: - It comprises members from same functional department having
different roles and responsibilities within the team. Functional team is permanent in nature
whose members works in collaboration to attain their shared objectives. These teams are build up
with members who performs same functions and are from the same group but belongs to distinct
groups. Every person has their own individual responsibility and needs to answer the other
superior authority for whatever work is done (Harper, Randall and Rouncefield, 2012.
Organizations where old task are carried out are the places where such teams are maximum
found. In context to BBC, functional teams help in supervising day to day activities of enterprise.
Virtual team: - In virtual groups, employees perform their distinct task from various
platforms to achieve mutual objective. For performing tasks, a virtual work environment is
formed and maintained by making use of IT & software technologies. The members
communicate through digital mediums. The easy communication techniques enable managers to
develop teams on the basis of strengths & weaknesses. In BBC, clear and efficient
communication system helps team members in performing their tasks in an effective and
efficient manner.
Problem solving team: - These teams are temporary teams shaped with the aim to solve a
particular issue or problem arising during project. With the aid of facilitators, line managers
collectively provide viable solutions for real time problems associated with project. In BBC,
these teams help in solving problems and overcome obstacles that arises during business
operations (Malcolm and Scott, 2011).
Therefore, it is evident that all the above mentioned various types of teams are essential
for BBC to enhance its productivity and performance by accomplishing its goals in cost effective
manner. An effective team is one where each member’s id dedicated, working hard giving their
best efforts for achieving common goals (Newman, 2012). For a team to be successful it requires
its members to be proficient having certain skills and knowledge along with having mutual
cooperation and coordination with other team mates. Group is developed through obligation,
fights and dedicated code of conduct. Few skills which develops a productive work force is
discussed below:
Joint collaboration: For a group to be efficient there needs to proper coordination and
mutual cooperation among all team mates. It helps in making them employee to ignore each
other’s flaws and helping out each other’s to achieve goals.
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Balanced roles: Each member in a team should be clear about his roles and
responsibility in a given task. There should be appropriate balance of skills, aspirations and
abilities should present in a team.
Good communication: An effective communication plays a significant role in making
team members understand their responsibilities, level of performance expected from them etc.
Also, there should be transparent communication system across organization wherein employees
are involved in decision making process and other important information related to organization
should be communicated top employees (Nordin, Deros and Rahman,, 2012).
Effective leadership: An effective leader is important to influence workforce to work in
one directional to achieve firm’s objectives. A leader needs to be good listener valuing and
appreciating inputs given by subordinates. He should encourage team members to be proactive in
giving creative ideas and to take bigger responsibilities during decision making process.
So, proper group working assist in raising the output of BBC
Tuckman and Jensen's model of team development
The model emphasises on the development of team. People cannot be able to interact
properly in a group if it includes different kinds of individuals. Tuckman divides group
communication in four phases, i.e., forming, storming, norming and performing. Forming: In this stage, team members learn about their roles, responsibilities along with
various challenges & opportunities that they are likely to face during performing their
tasks. The manager is totally responsible in providing right directions and guiding the
team for attaining their goals in most appropriate manner. Storming: In this, team members start pushing up their boundaries giving rise to
confusion among themselves related to roles. This further creates conflicts among
employees due to different working styles of people (.Pollack, Costello and Sankaran,
2013). Norming: In this stage, people come into agreements to resolve their differences and start
appreciating each other’s efforts. They start socializing with each other and take initiative
to help and provide constructive feedback to one another.
 Performing: At performing stage, team members works in close coordination as a single
unit, mutually coordinating and supporting with each other to achieve team's goals and
objectives
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 In BBC, the various models help in developing proper teams with better knowledge in the
team individuals.
TASK 4
P4 Philosophies and concepts of organisational behaviour
Employees nature assist in forecasting & managing the conduct of human beings. It assists
a manager to enhance and improve competence of work force and to inspire them to attain
greater output. The effective environment of BBC assist in managing strong surroundings and
moral working to personnel. Mentioned below are some theories that are adopted by manager in
this regard: -
Management Path Goal Theory
Leadership Path Goal is constructed in a specific way of management helping manager to
provide its employees with the best way to complete their tasks for achieving firm’s objectives
and generating maximum outcome. The main objective of BBC firm is to enhance employee’s
satisfaction level, along with encouraging and empowering them to increasing their work
efficiency (Reissner, 2011). This theory enables business process to be successful in long run by
helping it in adopting changes in regard to changing trends and customers demand in the market.
In this model, different procedure is followed that are discussed underneath:
 Employee traits: In this, workers analyse behaviour of their leader on basis of needs
and aspirations like affiliation, wish to resist, identifying capabilities, affiliation, degree
of structure require etc. Thus, it become critically important for a leader to understand
and assess needs and wants of their workforce in order to motivate them in effective
manner.
 Task and Environmental Characteristics: The main centre of focus of this theory is to
overcome hindrances. Although, in case barriers are much effective, in that scenario
leader’s assistance is needed to guide employees to select the best fits in removing
obstacles permanently and give best possible solution.
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Illustration 1: Path-Goal Theory
(Source: Path-Goal Leadership Theory, 2015)
 Leader Performance or Style: There are range of options that are present within this
style of leading people among which the most common ones are discussed in the
following matter:
Directive Leadership: - This behaviour is characterized as leaders who communicate the
performance level that is expected by each employee and guiding them with process that they
can undertake or follow in order attain their goals within specific deadlines (Smith, 2011).
Supportive Leadership: - This behaviour of a leader’s emphasis on analysing and
considering the needs and aspiration of employees and making efforts to satisfy them by
providing a comfortable and friendly working environment where each follower is treated
equally with mutual respect.
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Participative Leadership: - In participative leadership manager involves team members
in decision making process and take collaborative decisions encouraging inputs and suggestions
from employees.
Achievement-Oriented Leadership: - This behaviour is characterized as leaders set
challenging goals both in work as well for self-improvement for followers to achieve with
expected high standards. The leaders push employees to take up challenges by showing faith in
their capabilities.
CONCLUSION
From the above assignment it is concluded that a good and effective organisational
behaviour is necessary in successfully conducting business and its related activities in a long run.
Under this report a brief description is given about motivation theories that can be adopted by
BBC for raising the capacity of group to perform. Various variety of team has been highlighted
in detail through which understanding of each is gained.
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