This report analyzes Sainsbury's organizational behavior, focusing on its culture, communication, and employee motivation. It utilizes various theories and models to understand how these factors impact the company's effectiveness and success.
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Organisational Behaviour
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1 TASK...............................................................................................................................................1 Identify the culture by utilising theories or model of Organizational Culture............................1 Culture improves effectiveness of company and focus on communication by utilising theories or Models of Communication......................................................................................................3 Role of culture on employees motivation by utilising theories on Motivation:..........................6 Utilization of culture to increase motivation, communication and success of company............7 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9 REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION Organizational behaviour is examination of both team as well as individual execution and action within the company.It is the directly concerned with understanding, anticipation and control of human attitude in companies. The aims of organizational behaviour is to build relation through accomplishing goals of human, company and social. This study is based on the Sainsbury.It is the third biggest supermarket chain in the UK with 16.9% share of the supermarket sector. Report will explain the Identify the culture by utilising theories or model of Organizational Culture. It will evaluate the Culture improves effectiveness of company and focus on communication by utilising theories or Models of Communication in the organization. It will state that Role of culture on employees motivation by utilising theories on Motivation in the company. Furthermore, study will evaluate the Utilization of culture to increase motivation and communication of employees within company. TASK Identify the culture by utilising theories or model of Organizational Culture Culture is mutual set of beliefs and feelingswhich are influence practice of behaviour common to team of people. Each organizations evolves a unique profile reflecting values and beliefs of collective membership.An organization's culture shows anticipates about the clients, workers, mission, products, actions as well as assumptions that have performed well in ago and which get translated into standards of behaviour, expectations about what is legitimate, desirable ways of thinking and acting. In order to that, there is one model of organizational culture which named Handy's Organizational Culture. Handy Model of Organizational Culture: An organization set up where single persons come together to perform for communal objective.It is important for workers to work in close skillfulness, deliver their level bests for smooth functioning of company. Every firm has certain beliefs and follow some procedures as well as guidance that are differentiated from others. The values and feelings of any Sainsbury form its culture. The culture of company decides modes of communication of workers between same culture. In the Handy model, four kinds of culture like role, person, task and power. Power Culture: 1
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Power objects in keeping of only few people and they are approved to take judgements in some companies. They are ones who enjoy specific advantage at company.They are most essential group and also leading decisions makers at the company. These single people further delegate duties to other workers, in this perceptiveness, subordinates have no alternative but to strictly follow instructions of superiors.There are high cooperation levels and low power distribution (Handy Model of Organisational Culture,2018). This kind of culture is feature of an enterpriser of company. Cooperation is highly essential in companies with this culture. This culture influences the individual behaviour and team performance within the company. Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success. This culture help to effective communication between team members within the organization. Task Culture: Companies where groups are made to accomplish targets or figure out captious issues follow in task culture. In these companies, single persons with common interests and speciality come together to form unit. There are normally four to five members in each group. In task culture, every group member has to impart equally and achieve tasks in the most creative manner. In this culture, there are high cooperation level and high power distribution which means each and every person have power to contribute in the decisions making in the workplace. This culture influences the single person attitudes and team presentation within company.Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success.This culture help to effective communication between team members within theorganization. Figure1Handy's Organizational culture Model Source:(Handy's Organizational culture Model, 2018) 2
Person Culture: There are definite companies where workers awareness that they are more essential than their company.Some companies move culture follow called person culture. Single persons are more obsessed about their own self instead of company.The company in person culture takes back seat and eventually suffers. There are low cooperation level and high power distribution in the person culture within the company.This culture influences the single behaviour as well as team performance within the company.Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success. This culture help to effective communication between team members within the organization. Role Culture: All worker is delegated roles and duties accordant to speciality, educational qualifications and interest to solution the best out of him in role culture. Worker decide the best they can do and volitionally judge challenge in this culture. Every single person is responsible for something or other and has to take ownership of the work assigned to him.There are low level of cooperation and lower power distribution in the role culture. This culture influences the individual behaviour and team performance within the company. Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success. This culture help to effective communication between team members within the organization. Culture improves effectiveness of company and focus on communication by utilising theories or Models of Communication Communication is two way procedure in which participants not only transfer thoughts, beliefs and info but also make and share meaning of moving mutual understanding. It is the dealing of thoughts, ideas and information through speech, signals, or writing. It is fast one self in such manner that one is readily and clearly understood. Effective communication happens only if the receiver understands accurate info that sender intended to transfer. Many of the issues which happens in Sainsbury are the either the direct outcome of people failing to interact and procedure that leads to confusion and cause good plans to fail. In order to that, Sainsbury follow model of communication which involves like: Shannon & Weaver Model of Communication:The transmitter encipher the message as well as sends it to receiver through technological channels such as telephone.The sender convert the information into codes apprehensible to machine.The information is dispatched in 3
codes through medium. The receiver has to computer code information before knowing it and explaining it. The structure machine can also act as the decoder in some cases.The channel can have noise and receiver can not have capacity to decode that can cause issue in procedure of communication. Thistheorywas createdto changetechnologicalinteraction principally telephonic communication in the Sainsbury. Itwas made to increase telephone capacity within minimal noise (Shannon and Weaver Model Of Communication,2018). There are many characteristic of Shannon Weaver Model of Communication such as linear procedure, simple model , source is decision maker and noise is disturbing factor in this model. DavidBerloModelofCommunication:Thismodeldirectsonencryptionand decryption which occurs before sender moves the information and before receiver acquires the information respectively.There are four elements to determine the procedure of communication which are sender, message, receiver and channel. 4 Illustration1: Shannon Weaver Model of Communication Source: (Shannon Weaver Model of Communication,2018)
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This model is also called as S-M-C-R model which stands for sender, message, channel and receiver. Sender is origin of information or individual who developsinformationin which different factors like communication ability, attitude, social system and culture. Communication is part that is being sent by sender to the receiver which involves various factors such as content, elements, codes and structure(Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication,2018). Channel is the medium utilised to send the information. Technical machine can be utilised as channels such as telephone, internet etc. in mass communication. Receiver isthe person who acquire the 5 Illustration2: Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication Source: (Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication,2018)
information sent in the procedure of communication. Factors are involves which similar to sender such as culture, social system, communication skills and knowledge. Role of culture on employees motivation by utilising theories on Motivation: Motivation is the ground for actions, disposition and objectives. It is determined as need which requires satisfaction. These requirements can also be wants or desires are acquired through influence of culture, lifestyle, society or normally conditioned. Motivation is direction to behaviour or cause to wants to repeat behaviour as well as set of force which performs behind the motives. In organizational context, it is the very necessary to work highly motivated employees which can aid to gain the productiveness and accomplish the objectives of company. Therefore, Sainsbury needs to adopt the motivation theories for employees motivation within the workplace culture. The culture play important role for increasing motivation of employees in the company. There are mainly two motivational theories like content and process theory. Content Theory of Motivation: This theory is also called as needs theories in which company try to recognise needs and relate motivation to fulfil of these wants. There are various motivation theories involves in content theory like Maslow's needs hierarchy, Herzberg's two factor, Alderfer's ERG and son on. Herzberg's Two Factor Theory:It is also known as motivation hygiene theory. This theory presents that there are some factors which cause job satisfaction and motivation which called as motivating factors. Some factor are separated which cause dissatisfaction which called as hygiene factors.There are advanced even of dissatisfaction through hygiene factors and high levelofsatisfactionthroughmotivatingfactors.Motivatingfactorsinvolveachievement, identification, responsibility and advancement. Hygiene factors includes supervision, salary, working relationship conditions and interpersonal relationship.Therefore, Sainsbury needs to follow this motivation theory through motivating factors for fulfilment of needs and wants of workers as per increase the their motivation in the workplace culture. Maslow's Needs Hierarchy Theory:This theory concentrates wants into five basic class. Maslow orderly these wants in hierarchy which is starting with basic psychological needs and continuing through safety, belonging, esteem and self actualization.This theory is frequently presented in the form of pyramid elemental need at the bottom and most complex need at the top. In physiological needs includes food, shelter, water which are the most dominant of all the needs. The assured source of financial gain, place to live and well-being which are involved in safety 6
and security needs of human being. Integration into social groups, affectionate relationship which are includes in the belongingness and love needs. Esteem needs includes honour for person as useful, honourable human being.The growth and development of individual to their fullest potential which involves in the self actualization needs. Therefore, Sainsbury needs to follow this motivation theory for fulfilment of needs and wants of workers as per increase the their motivation in the workplace culture. Process Theory of Motivation: This theory is obsessed with modes of occurs motivation as well as various kinds of procedures can effect motivation.There arevarious motivation theories involves in process theory like Vroom's expectancy, Locke's goal setting, Adam's equity theory etc. Vroom's Expectancy Theory:The aim of this theory is to assess modes of group to choice from available activity. This theory defines motivation as procedure which governs choices among secondary kinds of wilful attitude. There are three factors such as expectancy, instrumentality, valence. The author of theory imagines that expectation, instrumentality and valence are increased together to define the motivation. This refers to that if any of these is zero then motivation to do something will be zero as well.Therefore, Sainsbury needs to follow this motivation theory for fulfilment of needs and wants of workers as per increase the their motivation in the workplace culture. Locke' Goal Setting Theory:This theory is an combination theory of motivation as similartoexpectationtheory.Itpresentsthatsettingparticular,challengingperformance objectives as well as seriousness to these objectives which are important crucial of motivation. Goals determines desirable future and set goals can drive the behaviour. The goal achievement further motivates individuals to perform achieving the goals. Therefore, Sainsbury needs to follow this motivation theory for fulfilment of needs and wants of workers as per increase the their motivation in the workplace culture. Utilization of culture to increase motivation, communication and success of company Organization culture: In this context, Sainsbury follow the role and person culture by which improve the execution as well as activity of single person, team as well as workplace. In role culture, company give the functions and duties to each and every workers as per their educational qualifications, ability and competencies that is called as role culture.Also, Sainsbury follow the 7
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person culture in which they are focused on each and every employees within the team. This can help to improve presentation as well as attitudes of individual as well as group within company. In order to that, company normally focused on the role culture which can aid to enhances the motivation and their productiveness within the workplace culture. Highly motivated employees are contributed at the large level for success of organization. This culture influences the individual behaviour and team performance within the company. Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success. This culture help to effective communication between team members within the organization. In this context, company needs to give the suitable role as per employee's educational qualifications, abilities and competencies within the Sainsbury. This can aid to raise the motivation for working effectively within the Sainsbury. In role culture, Every single person is responsible for thing or other and has to take control of activity assigned to him. There are low level of cooperation and lower power distribution in the role culture. Also company needs to focus on person culture that allows special single person to have full control of them self which refers they are their own boss and make all decisions on their own. The company in person culture takes back seatand eventually suffers. There are low cooperation level and high power distribution in the person culture within the Sainsbury. This culture influences the individual behaviourandteamperformancewithinthecompany.Thus,thisdirectlyimpacton organizational behaviour and its success. Employees Motivation: In order to that, Sainsbury also adopt the motivation theories for increase motivation of employees, so that they are make efforts for improving the culture of organization. This culture and motivation theory influences the individual behaviour and team performance within the company. Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success. High motivated employees are also make efforts to solving all kinds of issues and give contribution in making decisions related to team and company. This can help to improve the performance and behaviour ofSainsburyinretailsupermarketchains.Thismotivationtheoryhelptoeffective communication between team members within the organization. CONCLUSION This report has summarised that utilization of role and person culture by determine the handy organizational culture which help to increase the motivation of employees in the company. 8
These cultures influence the individual behaviour and team performance within the company. Thus, this directly impact on organizational behaviour and its success.It can be concluded that company also utilised the communication model like Shannon & Weaver and David Berlo's Model of communication for improving the effectiveness of organization. It can be discussed that company utilised the motivation theories like Herzberg's two factor, Maslow's needs hierarchy, Vroom's expectancy and Locke's goal setting for increasing the motivation of workers within the workplace culture. Alsop, it has aid to increaseeffectiveness and behaviour of organization. These kinds of culture and motivation theories aid to improve the effectiveness and enhance the further success of organization. 9
REFERENCES Books and Journals Chumg, H. F. and et.al., 2016. Factors affecting employees' knowledge-sharing behaviour in the virtualorganisationfromtheperspectivesofwell-beingandorganisational behaviour.Computers in Human Behavior.64. pp.432-448. Gould-Williams, J. S., 2016. Managers’ motives for investing in HR practices and their implications for public service motivation: a theoretical perspective.International Journal of Manpower.37(5). pp.764-776. Jacobs, C. and Goodman, S., 2018, September. Understanding the Working Student: a focus on positive organisational behaviour outcomes. In30TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT SCIENTISTS (SAIMS)(p. 696). Janićijević, N., Nikčević, G. and Vasić, V., 2018. The Influence Of Organizational Culture On Job Satisfaction.Economic Annals.63(219). pp.83-114. Miner, J. B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. 10
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