Organisational Behaviour: Culture, Politics, Power, Motivation, and Effective Teams

This report discusses the impact of culture, politics, power, and motivation on individual and team behaviour and performance in an organizational context. It also explains what makes an effective team and how to apply motivational theories to achieve goals. The case study of Waitrose is included to provide practical examples. The report provides critical analysis and evaluation of various theories and concepts related to organizational behaviour.

ORGANIZATIONA
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
P1) Analyse how an organisation's culture, politics and power can influence individual and
team behaviour and performance...........................................................................................4
M1 Critically Analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence
individual and team behaviour and performance...................................................................7
P2) Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
enable effective achievement of goals in an organisational context......................................7
M2 Critically Evaluate how to influence the behaviour of others through the effective
application of behavioural motivational theories, concepts and models. ..............................9
D1 Critically Evaluate the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that
enables teams and organisations to succeed providing justified recommendations.............10
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P3) Demonstrate an understanding of what makes an effective team, as opposed to an
ineffective team....................................................................................................................10
M3 Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of
cooperation within effective teams.......................................................................................12
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................13
P4) Apply concepts and philosophies of OB within an organisational context and a given
business situation..................................................................................................................13
M4 Evaluate how concepts and philosophies of OB inform and influence behaviour within a
given business situation........................................................................................................14
D2 Critically Analyse and evaluate the relevance of team development theories, concepts and
philosophies that influence behaviour in the workplace to improve business performance and
productivity...........................................................................................................................14
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour means those aspects that has been impacting behaviour of
employees and attributes making individual working in business. Further such aspects leads upon
developing better working environment through which growth of organization is made possible.
In this certain elements that has been based upon performance, communication, motivation,
leadership, job structure and working profit. Also this behaviour makes business deal with those
aspects that give rise to conflicts within an organization. Then such behaviour helps in
encouraging employees which leads upon work efficiency improved. Organizational behaviour
has wider scope in relation to organization as it directly impacts growth of an organization.
Nature is dynamic as employees needs is understood which makes satisfaction created within
them. The organization that has been taken within the report is Waitrose that is a British
supermarket and sells diverse range of products. Waitrose has been formed in the year 1904 and
has its headquarters in Bracknell, United Kingdom. Things covered within the report is based
upon culture, power and politics with motivational aspect of employee. In the ends discussion is
done over understanding effective team making and concepts of organizational policy explained
In relation to organizational context.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
P1) Analyse how an organisation's culture, politics and power can influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.
Culture, power and politics within an organization has been making influence upon both
individual and team that leads upon improving performance with more consistency. These
components of an organization have direct affect over business in both positive and negative
manner making growth of business possible in relevant manner(Griffin And et. al., 2020).
Influence of power on individual and team
As per this certain level of authority given to an individual making experiences and
knowledge leading towards managing of different working conditions through efficiency and
effectiveness. This leads over handling of different conditions by making influence created upon
making perfection achieved in more affective way. Also through such impact rewards, appraisal
and benefits with employee's welfare is been provided. In relation to management various theory

should be used by Waitrose making different theory used for influencing team and individual
behaviour which has been explained as follows:
Coercive power: In this power individual has been provided upon making management done in
relation to daily needs of workers. The organization Waitrose has been allotting powers to
its CEO and managers in relation to analyse working standards of employees within the
organization.
Reward power: As per this power is based over managing of training, development, rewards,
promotion, incentives, proposal etc. This is done by individuals as per performance of
employees working within an organization. Waitrose has given this power to its board of
directors and they provide benefits after comparing all aspects covered within a business.
Legitimate power: Power is been given according to educational qualification with experience.
Waitrose provides such power to its CEO and makes right decision to be taken by following
legal obligation applied on working business.
Referent power: Such power has been provided to all individuals of Waitrose like leaders and
managers which helps them in motivating employees which makes working standards of
organization improve through more effectiveness(Gkorezis and Petridou, 2017).
Expert power: This is a power which is been offered to individual having speciality within
particular topic. Waitrose give these powers to its managers that makes management and
control done with more effectiveness.
Informational power: It is a power that is rendered as per the ability of an individual through
which balanced information is circulated within business. This power is provided to the
CEO of Waitrose as they have recording of all the financial statements through which makes
better image formed within market of an organization.
Influence of politics on individual and team
Political factors have direct impact both individual and team that leads over making performance
of team with individual perform according to actions leading over effective decision making
developed regarding business. Fuhrer in context of Waitrose management has been taking
decisions creating influence over behaviour that has been explained as follows:
Decrease in productivity: Through political culture negative impact is been created over
performance of employees that leads over having adverse affect upon achieving of goals and
objectives within an organization like Waitrose.

Spoils the environment: Political culture within an organization like Waitrose is responsible in
order to reduce positivity making interrelationship affected in negative way.
Alteration in mental attitude of employees: The working behaviour of employee's get diverted
leading towards developing imbalance situation within an organization like Waitrose that
makes employees interest change which affects working of an organization.
Influence of culture on individual and team
Culture of Waitrose directly affects business that makes contribution done in more organized
manner leading towards strengthening of work performance. In relation to Waitrose Handy’s
culture typology model has been explained as follows:
 Power culture: This is a centralized control that is given in order to uphold an authority
over making organization process more impactful in nature. Waitrose is an organization
that works upon large scale and requires such culture developed in order to control
employee performance.
 Role culture: It has been used upon balance that has been created over roles and
responsibility played by managers of an organization like Waitrose. It has to be assigned
according to skills and knowledge possessed by an individual and experience possessed
by them(Gillham et. al., 2018).
 Person culture: This is culture that makes Waitrose offer opportunities making
individual develop abilities making goals and objectives accomplished. Task culture: According to culture management within an organization like Waitrose
makes individual focused upon making individuals complete task as per time limit given
to them.
Impact of power, culture and politics on individual and team behaviour and performance
BASIS Individual behaviour and performance Team behaviour and performance
Power Power is been used upon providing higher
authority that leads upon taking decision as
per demand raised by an individual within
particular situation. Also it is used for
making organizations like Waitrose take
better decisions.
In this intensity of power increases
making employee lose interst leading
towards increasing complexity within
organizational process.
Culture Culture has been impacting organizations The team working is dependent on

internal working environment that leads
over improving effectiveness whereas if
culture is negative then demotivation taken
place within an organization leading over
delaying completing tasks at times.
culture as better the culture productive
the performance is and vice versa.
Politics Politics impacts organization by creating
rigidity within nature of organization that
has been automatically impacting
performance with productivity. This makes
solving of complex issues more easily.
The politics within team has negative
impact over employees’ performance
which changes working attitude of
workers.
The factors discusses about direction which makes influence in relation over employees
performance within which both negative and positive impact is created. It is used in moderate
way making positive impact created over performance of employees within productivity in
affective way. These factors can affect negative basis over working creatintg problems through
growth within particular market(Garas And et. al., 2018).
M1 Critically Analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence
individual and team behaviour and performance.
Culture is one of the most important part of an organization which makes an
organizations internal working affected. Politics mainly affects employee confidence that
directly causes demotivation within organization. Power mainly affects organization over all
development if power is used for creating negative impact then organizations growth directly
collapse. These factors makes an organization like Waitrose affected since its growth gets
fluctuated with profit ratio.
P2) Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable
effective achievement of goals in an organisational context.
Content theory of motivation: The theory makes those aspects covered that is based
upon changes through human needs. Further, the theory is mainly based upon motivating an
individual in sustainable manner. The theory is required to be applied within the organization
like Waitrose for creating motivation within the employees that makes working capacity

increased which results in making goals and objectives achieved in effective way. Further, types
of this theory has been explained as follows:
Maslow's theory of motivation: This theory makes individuals basic needs to be
fulfilled with their demands. In this, certain levels exist which has been explained as follows:
(Source: Maslow's hierarchy of needs, 2020) Physiological need: In this needs is been used upon defining basic needs of employees
which is water, food, cloth, shelter, etc. These needs require to be fulfilled which makes
employees survival possible(Foroudi and et. al., 2019). Safety need: According to this step certain aspects related to health, safety and welfare is
covered leading towards employees satisfaction achieved with there safety Social need: These are those needs that is related over feelings of love and togetherness
that makes motivation developed within an individual or employees working within an
organisation. Self- esteem: Under it appreciation and self-respect is covered which makes positive
feelings emphasised through which value is uplifted.
 Self-actualisation: This is based over development of feelings which helps in completing
working in more effective manner.

This theory should be used by Waitrose in order to make confidence and motivation
enhanced in more affective manner. This makes employee's feel more connected towards
organization.
Process theory of motivation: This motivational theory that has been used in an
business by making employee's behaviour changed in positive manner. Waitrose makes
motivation of worker possible that makes productive outcome achieved. Further explained as
follows:
Vroom expectancy theory: This theory is referred to a modification which is used while
influencing individual behaviour so that their need is fulfilled. In this the employee's
performance is changes as per according to knowledge, ability, attribute, skills, experience etc.
The performance of all the individual is dependent on the efforts that is induced by them to gain
perfect heights in future. Expectancy is based on the performance and it furthermore reflect from
adequate job, availability of resources and support from job. Instrumentality states that outcome
is completely dependent on the effort and passion that is induced by an individual in order to
achieve certain position and trust. Valence consist of rewards that is offered in return of
performance so that desirable ending is result in(Fandrejewska and Wasilik, 2018).
Waitrose should use this to motivate employees as under this tern offering is been rewarded
over productiveness achieved on continuous basis.
These theories helps an organization like Waitrosew develop motivation within its
employees that makes continuity formed within working of organization. Further through these
theories various goals and objectives is been achieved in more affective way. Waitrose is able to
develop innovation by modifying ways in which performance is enhanced with sustainability
been developed through motivation.
M2 Critically Evaluate how to influence the behaviour of others through the effective application
of behavioural motivational theories, concepts and models.
Motivation is that kind of important aspects that has been covered by an organization
over enhancing motivation. As per Maslow's theory of motivation and Vroom's expectancy
theory that is used by Waitrose in order to understand needs of employees that makes proper
assistance in relation to working standards. This makes employee's performance leading towards
unlimited change with efficiency.

Also the theory is responsible for making over all development of employee possible by
making their behaviour improved from the perspective of motivation.
D1 Critically Evaluate the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that
enables teams and organisations to succeed providing justified recommendations.
The effect of culture, power and politics leads over making prominent changes possible
within workplace that makes collaboration with coordination possible. These aspects make
working to be done with perfection promoted within an organization. Through culture, politics
power and motivation organization like Waitrose is able to develop itself in more effective
manner. These aspects is been developed with the help of theories like Maslow’s motivation
theory, Vroom theory and handy cultural model. Such theories cover various aspects which
makes organizational framework developed with consistency in its growth leading toward profit
ration improved.
TASK 3
P3) Demonstrate an understanding of what makes an effective team, as opposed to an ineffective
team.
Effective team: Team working promotes effectiveness leading towards making goal,
objectives and targets achieved with more effectiveness. This makes ability which leads upon
performing various functions and operations leading towards making perfection within
organizations process. As per this team is required over making strong faith and believe develop
that makes information circulated in more affective manner(Escrig-Tena And et. al., 2018).
Characteristic of effective team: An effective team should be having various
characteristics which has been explained as follows: More focused: The team members are required to be focused upon completing task upon
action that is taken on timely basis. Clear goals: This is clear and transparent which makes goals with productivity outcomes
achieved in relation to task completion. Communication: This is one of the most important aspects which is developed over
making effective understanding developed over decision making within its process.

 Risk takers: In this team takes more risk and targets which leads over developing
easiness with comforts developed.
Factor of effective team: There is different factors of effective team and it is as
explained below as: Clear roles and responsibility: Team members makes roles to be understood that leads
over achieving task in affective manner. Clear objectives: The members of team have clear objectives through which specific
direction is applied within it (Rupčić, 2020).
 Learning and development: This is one of the most important things which makes
continuous learning with development possible.
Ineffective team: This is used by an organization like Waitrose in a way that it leads over
making success achieved with goals leading towards its development.
Characteristic of ineffective team: These team possess certain characteristics that has
been explained as follows: Lack of trust and believe: In this team members requires over developing trust making
confusion developed within an organization(Daamenand Hoogendoorn, 2019). Lack of commitment:According to this members has made efforts with work to be
developed which makes calmness distributed making goals achieved in effective manner.
 Unclear objectives: Team does not make clarity that is developed over making goals and
objectives achieved in effective manner.
Factors of ineffective team: Below various factors has been explained in relation to
ineffective team making and has been explained as follows: Poor time management: This makes difficulties in managing team and working on time.
 Poor interaction: The team members does not show interaction that leads over increasing
complexity within its various system.
Difference between effective and ineffective team:
BASIS Effective team In relation to Waitrose Ineffective team in relation to
Waitrose
Objectives This makes focus increased that leads
towards goals and objectives completed
It exists within an organization like
Waitrose makes non clearance upon

in effective manner. goals and objectives.
Management It is more managed and controlled These teams cannot manage and
control their team operations.
Roles and
responsibility
These team members have played their
roles and responsibilities with more
perfection.
They are not clear about their roles.
Communication They have clear and effective
communication.
In this communication is not been
done in affective way which makes
various process collapse at times.
M3 Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of
cooperation within effective teams.
Belbin theory: As per this theory individual have various working behavioural patterns
that keeps on changing as per roles assigned (Stoffers, And et. al., 2020). This is easy as it helps
in making analysis done over strength and weakness that is been possessed by an individual
leading upon making better returns achieved. Further it has been explained as follows:
Team worker: This based upon making individuals working with management done over
business leading towards sustainable achievement. This makes tasks and activities completed in
timely manner. Further it has been dealing with different conditions that has been explained as
follows:
 Implementer: In this changes is been achieved as per the requirements of conditions
helping in taking decisions in affective manner.
 Coordinator: This makes team work done with coordination to each other so that
influence can be formed in relation over information to all members. This makes trust
developed successfully.

 Specialist: Team members requires to have knowledge over guidance which is been
provided. In relation to this work with confidence makes comfort with redundancy
achieved in flexible manner.

 Completer-Finishers: As per the step team members is required to check upon errors
and omission in relation to smallest detail.
 Team Workers : Team members requires to provide support to each other which makes
people within team to work in effective manner.
 Resource Investigators: In this teams are required to develop innovation within its
working which makes contacts and resources developed on behalf of team.
 The Plant: In this innovative ideas and approaches is required to be applied which makes
circumstances deal in more affective manner.
 Monitor-Evaluators: Through this team members and ideas is been evaluated which
makes goals and objectives achieved in more effective manner through improving
decision making mechanism.
 Specialists : Team members should be specialized in knowledge which makes job done
in effective manner.
TASK 4
P4) Apply concepts and philosophies of OB within an organisational context and a given
business situation.
Situation: In this situation managers of Waitrose requires to develop employees working
capacity that helps in making organizations goals achieved in affective manner.
Path goal theory of leadership: This is that concept within management that makes
organization adopting over making appropriate style that makes leadership and behaviour with
internal working environment of an organization. As per it primary objective over adopting these
theories makes motivation within workforce conducted through contributing upon making goals
and objectives achieved in no time (Warmerdam and et. al., 2018). This theory applied by an
organization like Waitrose leads upon developing of qualities that makes working capacity
improved in affective way.
Further through this team has been developing various kinds of aspects within an
organization which has been making Waitrose different consequences so that moderate level of
outcome is achieved in timely basis. It is also being used to influence the workplace behaviour

and by applying these factors it is easy for business and team members to attain its goals and
objectives.
M4 Evaluate how concepts and philosophies of OB inform and influence behaviour within a
given business situation.
Situation: In this situation managers of Waitrose requires to develop employees working
capacity that helps in making organizations goals achieved in affective manner.
 Employees characteristics: As per this rewards, training, flexibility over working
options and many more. In relation to Waitrose managers requires upon recognizing
factors through which behaviour is improved in specific period of time.
 Task and environmental characteristics: This is helpful in taking out maximum output
for which long term sustainability can be attained (Yi and et. al., 2019). In the context of
Waitrose their manager is required to go for a survey within workplace in which all the
loopholes can be detected in early manner.
D2 Critically Analyse and evaluate the relevance of team development theories, concepts and
philosophies that influence behaviour in the workplace to improve business performance
and productivity
In order to develop proper team work organization like Waitrose is required to use
Bellins theory which makes various aspects of team improved in more affective manner.
Through utilizing such theory working environment of team and its productivity is improved
making goals and objectives achieved in effective manner(Buchanan and Huczynski, 2019).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it can be concluded that organization behaviour is that kind of
process which is been used over making behaviour of employees within an organization
analysed in proper manner. Further the file is based upon motivation which is being vital over
aspect that makes various theories used leading towards making theoretical approaches making
balance level of conditions is developed. Then in this file things covered is based over
workplace development in relation to culture, power and politics in this skills and abilities is
been enhanced in more affective manner. In the end understanding of what makes an effective
team, as opposed to an ineffective team is been explained.

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