Organizational Behavior Analysis

This assignment delves into the complexities of organizational behavior by analyzing key theories and models. Students are tasked with examining concepts like motivation, organizational culture, team development (using Tuckman's model), and ethical behaviors within organizations. The analysis should draw upon relevant literature and illustrations provided to demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of these fundamental organizational dynamics.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
P1. (A) Handy's culture typology to discuss organisational culture ..........................................1
(B) Culture, politics and power of an organisation on individuals' behaviour and team
performance.................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................4
P2) (A) The content and process theory of motivation. .............................................................4
(B) Motivational techniques which are helpful in increase working efficiency of employees...5
(C) How to improve the level of motivation...............................................................................6
PART 2 ..........................................................................................................................................7
P3) (A) Identify different types of teams....................................................................................7
(B) How to make an effective team and describe Tuckman model of team development........8
TASK 4 ........................................................................................................................................10
P4) (A) Appropriate organisational theory to improve team performance...............................10
(B) Various barriers that could affect team performance. ........................................................11
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour can be considered as a study on human thinking where various
factors are included such as what people think, feel and do at work place. It can be referred as
the process of identifying, recognising, explaining and predicting the behaviour of employees
towards any kind of activity or task which is assigned to them for some purpose (Bolino and et.
al., 2013). It is the major responsibility of manager and higher authority to understand behaviour
of their employees who are contributing their significant efforts in achieving growth and success
for company. It is required for manager or leader to analyse the behaviour of employees for
effectively dealing with them at workplace. This is also essential for identifying the complex
nature of people and improving effective labour relation in order to improvise company’s
productivity. In this present assignment, BBC is a chosen company. It is a British corporation of
broadcasting which is liable for collecting various effective news and affairs. Basic purpose of
company is providing proper and relevant data or information to the population about essential
things that happen inside and outside the boundary of country. This report contents the study
about organisational culture, policies and power that helps in influencing individuals and team’s
behaviour. Various important and motivational theories are also described here in the report.
PART 1
P1. (A) Handy's culture typology to discuss organisational culture
Handy's culture typology:
(Source: Handy's Culture typology, 2015)
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Illustration 1: Handy's Culture typology

This can be considered as the most effective theory of organisation culture which is
popularised by Charles Handy in the year of 1999. It is necessary for each manager at higher
authority to choose their organisational culture as per the different structure of organisation. BBC
is essentially focused on analysing all the four components of culture typology that are reviewed
by Smith (Burnard and Bhamra, 2011). This study helps an organisation to easily implement all
firms’ activities in organisational culture at workplace. This theory has four important
components which are described as under:
Power Culture: This can be described as the most effective component of an
organisation. The basic aim of each business enterprise is to gain higher profit and growth at
market place. In this scenario, mostly large as well as small business organisations divide their
business and activities among various departments in which some employees are having power
that are needed to be used by them with respect to generate an effective decision at workplace.
Being a multinational business firm, BBC has several employees who are working for some
common goals and objectives. At the workplace, some people are having power to make some
effective decision after evaluating the terms and conditions. As per the viewpoints of Smith,
power culture is effective in taking decision which is beneficial for firm and its growth. As a big
organisation BBC has various departments in which higher authority assign power to some
specific employees, supervisors and managers in order to taking effective decision at work place
which are beneficial for organisational growth and success.
Role culture: In this, manager of firm plays the most effective role in assigning roles and
responsibilities among employees through seeking their potential and specialisation. Major
purpose of role culture is effective utilisation of available resources in order to improve the
organisational performance. BBC is willing to put their employees in different challenges in
order to analyse their strengths and weaknesses at workplace and provide various responsibilities
to the people as per their skills and knowledge. In this different roles are assigned to each
individual as per the skills and knowledge of employees, BBC is mainly focused on
implementing their employees in different situation in order to measuring their performance at
work place.
Task culture: The basic purpose of each business is to attain their desired goals and
objectives. For this, they create some tasks and duties which are essential to be performed by
employees. Task culture is propounded for resolving the issues and problems that arise at
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workplace and put its impact on organisational performance (Coccia, 2014). In this, various
individuals come together for some common goals and purpose as well as contribute their best in
the completion of work. In this type of culture, organisations are focused on taking viewpoints of
employees in order to gain more ideas for implementing the best strategy which helps in
attaining higher growth. BBC is focused on resolving the issues and conflicts at work place in
order to managing organisation work in most efficient manner. As a large business firm BBC
faces various issues which are needs to resolved by higher authority in respect to carry out all
business activities in right manner.
Person culture: Humans resource are most valuable assets for company, as employees
and labours are very much effective in performing any task and duty which are assigned by
company to gaining growth and success. In person culture, people are more goal oriented in
nature and they are focused on attaining their own goals rather than organisational objectives. In
this, employees are not concerned about establishing an effective relationship with their
subordinates or colleagues, they come office just for earning money and growth. In this, people
are working individually for the purpose of completion of their own goals and objectives. BBC
has various departments in which people perform task and duties as per their their skills and
knowledge in order to attaining their own as well as organisational goals and objectives.
(B) Culture, politics and power of an organisation on individuals' behaviour and team
performance
Organisation is referred as the group of people who are working together in order to gain
some common goals and objectives. In a business firm, the aspect of behaviour is very much
important in order to establish an effective working environment at workplace in which people
contribute their best in attaining desired goals and objectives. The organisational culture is
interlinked with various aspects of behaviour at workplace in this how an individual reach, feel
and do at working environment. Being a British cooperation company, BBC has focused on
implementing various plans in respect to develop an appropriate culture in which employees are
able to work in coordinated manner so that workload can be reduced and it is easy for employees
to work in an effective and proper direction (Collings, Scullion and Vaiman, 2011). Company is
concerned on implementing various rules and policies which are needed to be performed by
employees in order to maintain the decorum of workplace and with the help of effective policies,
goals can be achieved that are related with business operations.
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Power and politics are also considered as the most effective factors for business as firms
are focused on making effective plans and policies in order to establish an effective connection
among organisational culture and employees. In large business enterprises, managers are using
positive as well as negative power which is having influence on employees and subordinates who
are contributing their power and strength for gaining growth.
In the working environment of BBC, various politics arise at workplace and these are not
having value for company. So, basically BBC tries to avoid them for implementing their business
activities at effective working environment. These factors arise when employees are not feeling
comfortable or satisfied with the plans and policies of firm. So, they generate some issues which
may impacted on growth and productivity of firm.
Organised politics is performed in respect to gain all desired goals and objectives which are
created by an individual (Fuchs and Edwards, 2012). On the other side power has an effective
connection with ability of a person to execute their skill in planned way, so that goals can be
attained. It is required for all the member of firm that power should not be used in negative
manner because this may affect the overall growth and success of firm.
The essential element that are involved in culture of BBC are described as under:
Skills:Each individual is having their own skills and ability of work, in an organisation all
employees should be treated in equal manner, so any kind of differentiation will not be taking
place.
Leadership: In an organisation manager plays most effective role as they are helpful in providing
proper guidance to each employees in order to conduct all business activities in right direction.
Attitude: Each business organisation focused on hiring well educated and skilled employees at
workplace, so that per coordination among employees can be established. A manager should
perform in polite way, so that subordinated can easily communicate with them about their issues
and problems.
TASK 2
P2) (A) The content and process theory of motivation.
The basic aim of each business organisation is to gaining attention of large number of
people through satisfying their needs and wants. In an organisation various theories are adopted
by higher authority or managers for the purpose of enhancing working ability of employees at
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work place (Kazemipour and Mohd Amin, 2012). These theories are very much applicable in
designing effective organisational structure in which firm can easily implement there all business
activities in respect of attain their all goals and targets. BBC is mainly focused on applying two
major theories such as motivational and content theory. These are very much beneficial for
company to encourage their employees in order to improving their performance for achieve all
targets and goals. The process theory is very much effective in nature and helpful in motivating
workers in respect of contributing their best at work place, so that productivity can be increased.
(B) Motivational techniques which are helpful in increase working efficiency of employees
There are two major motivation theories are used by BBC in order to improvising
working ability and skills of employees. Content theory which is considered as the need theory ,
which can be classified among various categories, these are evaluated as under:
(Source: Theories of Motivation, 2017)
Maslow's need hierarchy theory: This theory is based on human motivation, it states various
needs and wants of an individual that are described in an effective pyramid and most valuable in
effectively perform all business activities an operation in effective manner (Kellison and
Mondello, 2012). Food, cloth and shelter can be considered as the fundamental needs of humans
and another need is safety and security of employees needs to protect in proper manner. Social
needs are also important, that are used by employees in respect of establishing an effective
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Illustration 2: Theories of Motivation

relationship and this also helps in enhancing self esteem because it helps in generating
confidence among employees at work place. Self actualisation is also involved in this and plays
most effective role in resolving issues that are faced by employees at work place.
Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory: This theory was applied in respect to encourage
employees and helps in maximising jib satisfaction among employees through providing various
responsibilities and advancement. This includes various factors that leads to satisfaction or
dissatisfaction of employees at work place, these factors involves supervision, employees salary,
company policy, recognition, growth, responsibilities, working conditions,relationship with
peers and many other.
Alderfer's ERG Theory: This theory of motivation is classified among three parts like growth
needs, existence needs and relatedness needs (Kitchin, 2017). Existence needs are based on all
basic desires of employees which are needs to be fulfilled by firm in most systematic manner.
Relatedness needs described as to find social and external needs through maintaining effective
relationship with subordinate, employees and co-workers. Thus growth needs impel that an
individual have to be creative or productive in nature.
Process theory:
This theory encompasses that how to implement motivation and encouragement at work
place. Some essential theories that are related with this are described as under:
Vroom's expectancy theory: There are some goals and objectives of an individual which
different from each other. These goals are considered as the most effective element through
which people get motivated about their work. The needs and wants of employees are needs to be
effective in nature so that all desired can be accomplished in efficient manner (Levine, 2010).
Vroom have argued that the performance of an individual can be improved through enhancement
in their skills and knowledge.
Adam's equity theory: This theory encompasses that in an organisation each individual needs to
be treated in equal manner, so any kind discrimination will not taking place because it effect the
performance of employees through demotivate them. Equity can be managed at work place in
order to identifying the contribution of employees which are created by them in respect of
accumulating result and output.
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(C) How to improve the level of motivation
As a famous multinational business organisation BBC use various motivation theories in
order to encourage their employees at work place. Effective utilisation of motivational theories
helps in gaining high profit and revenue in limited period of time (Lumley and et. al., 2011).
Employees motivation plays most effective role in improving productivity of firm through
establishing enhancement in employees performance and working ability. Maslow's hierarchy
theory is widely used by company in respect to satisfying various needs and wants of employees
which are helpful in improving their working capacity.
PART 2
P3) (A) Identify different types of teams.
Groups are more essential at work place in order to dividing whole work in to different
departments, this helps in reducing the work force from employees in order to attaining desired
goals and objectives in most efficient manner (Nelson and Quick, 2013). Team can be described
as the group of people who are contributing their skills and knowledge for some common
purpose. The business firm such as BBC focused on developing their productivity through
establishing coordination among teams and their activities, and also concern on identifying
various effective approaches to create enhancement in productivity. It can be measures as
effective or ineffective in nature, which are explained as follows:
Effective team: These kind of teams are very much important at work place for improving the
performance of firm. The members of this team are having a better understanding with each
other and their knowledge level is employees are good as compared to other groups. They work
together after discussion all the issues and conflicts that are arises at work place.
Ineffective team: These type of teams are not mostly concern with their co-workers due to lack
of knowledge and skills of employees. They are not able to identifying issues and problems that
have a huge effect on firms performance.
Organisations include various kind of teams in which some are describes as under:
Functional Team: This plays most effective role at work place and having a huge control on
operational activities, the member of functional teams are permanent in nature, as they are very
much focused towards their work. The major responsibility of these kind of team is to maintain a
proper flow of communication in different departments, which are helpful in gaining
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organisational goals and objectives in well planned manner. BBC involves members for
consisting record keeper, progress chaser, document controller and team leader.
Problem solving team: These type of team can be considered as the most effective part of firm.
Such teams are designed to resolve the issues and conflicts which are arises at work place. BBC
is focused on implementing these kind of teams in order to solving issues and conflicts (Suppiah
and Singh Sandhu, 2011). The member of such teams are changed after a planed duration of
time.
Virtual team: These kind of teams are implemented among people who are belongs from
different locations and very much depend on each other for completing any task or duty in better
way. As a largest broadcasting company BBC has a huge control on entire media sector in
Britain and company function for maintain proper flow of information and news at very wide
scale.
Project team: These kind of team are designed for completing any kind of task and duty which
are assigned by company to their specific employees who are having potential to do the task in
efficient manner. BBC create such kind of teams in order to completion of some most important
task and purpose.
(B) How to make an effective team and describe Tuckman model of team development.
This can be described as the most effective activity which helps in developing more
flexible and friendly working environment in order to enhancing working ability of employees
(Teh and Sun, 2012). As a multinational company BBC has more than 35,250 employees who
are contributing their possible efforts in growth and success of firm. It is very much hard for a
firm to maintain their employees and handle all work in appropriate manner.
Importance of team work activities:
 An effective team helps in reducing the wok load form employees,so that they can work
in effective and efficient manner.
 This helps in providing significant support in creating more efficiency and effectiveness
in operational function of organisation which are more effective in attaining desired goals
and objectives.
 Team is important for establishing coordination among employees, so that they can work
as per their personal understanding.
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 Team building helps in boosting the performance of employees through effective
discussion among all team members.
Characteristics of team work in BBC
 The member of team are performed on the basis of coherent goals and objectives.
 This implement an enthusiasm or creativity among employees for adoption of desired
changes and alternations (Umphress, Bingham and Mitchell, 2010).
 This helps in conducting a formal or informal conversation among each department of
firm because it is essential to make a humorous conversation among all departments.
In today's era each business organisation are focused on forming team because these are more
effective in nature and helps in managing whole organisational work in given period of time.
Tuckman and Jensen's model of team development:
This is most effective model of team development and it involves five essential elements,
which are performing in different stages:
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(Source: Tuckman model of team development, 2012)
Forming: This can be considered as the fundamental stage of team development process. As per
this stage a group should be polite and positive as there is a huge requirement of coordination
among employees in regard of performing various practices. It is an initial stage in which team
leader plays dominant role because power and responsibilities are not determined in appropriate
manner. BBC follows the same policy as initial level of the planning, team leaders to whom tasks
are allotted perform it in strict manner.
Storming: In this stage teams are engaged in identifying the essential duty and task which can
provide significant support in attaining goals and objectives. In this stage all team members are
providing support through implementing various ideas and thoughts that are essential for carry
out all activities in proper manner. Whenever BBC plans for development, they involve staff
members for major decision making as many ways can be suggested for effective outcomes.
Norming: This can be considered as the regular process in this team leader providing their
acceptance and agree on those element on which they finally work. The major obstacle which is
arises in this stage is that the risk level is high for implementing any kind of creativity at work
place. BBC is concerned on assigning various responsibilities to the leaders in order to providing
proper assistance to their subordinated for moving forward towards right direction. The company
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Illustration 3: Tuckman model of team development

is conducting various functions in order to identifying the issues and conflicts, so that proper
solution can be made in order to resolve them in efficient manner.
Performing: In this stage each member is focused on build some plans which are more effective
in determining all goals and objectives of firm. In this the team and its members share a common
purpose and vision, so they work in efficient manner to meet them effectively. BBC has large
number of employees who are contributing their best at work place, so it is the major
responsibility of organisation and its higher authority to identify the actual goals and objective of
firm or its employees so that aims can be attained in appropriate manner.
Adjourning: This is a final stage of this theory, this arises after attaining goals and objectives.
This stage helps in identifying the behaviour of each individual towards their work and motivate
employees for gaining growth and success at work place. As a large business enterprises BBC
widely focused on identifying the strength and weakness of employees in order to providing
various responsibilities as per the skills and knowledge of employees, so that people get
motivated and work with more passion and dedication.
TASK 4
P4) (A) Appropriate organisational theory to improve team performance
In respect to improving performance of team at work place managers of BBC are focused
on effectively utilisation of available resources which are available in economy in effectual and
planned ways. This results in development of healthy working environment, where employees
will be coordinating with each another in order to attaining some common goals and objectives.
Path goal theory are adopted by mangers and higher authority to develop team working at BBC
which are described as under:
Path goal theory: This theory is based on specific leadership style, which is effective and most
suitable for achieving organisational goals and objectives. The basic aim of BBC is to
maximising employees engagement among various activities, employees satisfaction and
empowerment in respect to increasing their working ability which relay on more production.
Thus this theory is based on Vroom's expectancy theory which explains that each individual
behave differently in order to attaining their desired goals and objectives (Wood and et. al.,
2016). It is the best process which is adopted by leaders for some selective specific behaviour
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which meet workers' requirements and needs. This model is based on different steps which are
described as under:
Employees characteristics, through which individual can identify their leader for gaining more
knowledge and skills for improving their working ability and performance.
It is required for manager to motivate their employees through providing various benefits and
opportunities.
Task and environmental characteristics: It is necessary for each business organisation to resolve
the issues and obstacles that are arises at workplace (Reissner, 2011). The team leader of BBC
are focused on identifying external factors that has a huge impact on companies performance. It
includes, design of the task, work group and formal authority system.
Leader behaviour or style: There are some leadership styles that can be followed by leaders in
order to improving team performance. Leader needs to be directive, supportive, participative and
achievement oriented in nature.
(B) Various barriers that could affect team performance.
In this modern era, each business organisation is focused on gaining high competitive
advantage at market place for providing competition to their competitors. So many obstacles are
arises at work place which may affect the performance of employees who are contributing their
best at work place. With high issues and obstacles business entities, i.e. BBC cannot achieve its
goals and objectives in systematic way. Some effective barriers are described as under:
Poor communication: Each business organisation is focused on establishing effective
communication channel at work place in order to proper transformation of data and information
that are essential for the departments. A good communication helps in foster the team work
through proper transmission of information. This can be considered as the most effective issue at
work place which has impact on working environment of firm. The people who are having less
interaction with their higher authority or co-workers are mainly unaware about the rules and
policies which are beneficial for them.
Lack of managerial involvement: Managers plays most effective role at work place through
establishing an effective control over all organisational activities that are essential for carry out
all business operations into proper direction. It is necessary for manager to take effective
participation in each activity of firm as to providing proper assistance to their employees for
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gaining high competitive advantage. Lack of managerial involvement may causes dissatisfaction
or bad performance of work.
Unclear goals: Some teams are implemented without generating any kind of specific goals and
objectives. Through this, staff members of BBC cannot able to provide proper attention towards
operational practices at work place (Pollack, Costello and Sankaran, 2013). If employees are not
cleared about what are expected to do, than it will distorted work responsibility.
Bad behaviour: This may arises due to ego and attitude of people, this generate negativity
among other employees who are working in a similar team. In BBC such kind of employees are
not tall-rated for a long time.
CONCLUSION
As per the above report it has been concluded that organisational behaviour plays most
effective role at work place in order to gaining high profit and growth for company. This helps in
boosting up employee’s knowledge and skills for getting better future results. Besides this,
organisational culture refers to its values and beliefs that must be followed by each and every
individual who are preforming various activities at work place. It is the major responsibility of
manager and higher authority to understand the behaviour of their employees who are
contributing their significant efforts in achieving growth and success for company.
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Umphress, E.E., Bingham, J.B. and Mitchell, M.S., 2010. Unethical behavior in the name of the
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