Organizational Behaviour: Culture, Power, and Motivation

This report explores the impact of culture, power, and politics on an individual in an organization. It discusses the content and process theories of motivation and the characteristics of effective teams. Additionally, it examines the philosophies of organizational behaviour.

Organizational behaviour

Table of Contents
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Organization's culture, politics and power influence on an individual. ................................3
LO2 .................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Content and process theory of motivation for achievement of goals.....................................5
LO3..................................................................................................................................................7
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team. ...............................................................7
LO4..................................................................................................................................................8
P4 Philosophies of organizational behaviour .............................................................................8
Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................9
References .....................................................................................................................................10

Introduction
Organizational behaviour is the study of employees and an individual available in an
organization. Organizational behaviour helps business to analyse overall productivity in their
organization and helps them to achieve their goals and objectives. Company needs to know how
they motivate their employees towards work environment. Organizational behaviour is studied to
communicate effectively with the employees in an organization. Company needs to know their
abilities to influence their employees. Organizational behaviour study helps business to operate
effectively and bring innovation in working of their employees by satisfying their wants and
desires. Report shows the impact of culture, power and politics in an working of an individual.
Hilton uses process and content theories to satisfy and motivate their customers. Company needs
to know how an effective team is better from an ineffective team. Different philosophies are used
to motivate employees in an organization.
LO1
P1 Organization's culture, politics and power influence on an individual.
HOFSTEDE culture
Organizations efficiency largely depends on overall working of their employees in an
organization. For development of their business Hotel Hilton needs to analyse the culture of their
employees to get them work effectively towards achievement of goals.
Power distance index
Power plays an important role in affecting overall working of employees because
superior gets more respect in an organization(Rock, 2018, May.). Hilton needs to develop
effective policies in their organization to minimize the effects and differences between superior
and subordinate.
Individualism vs. collectivism

In this our hotel needs to use both individualism and collectivism together to achieve
goals and objectives of a business. Company needs to make employees to achieve their personal
goals by working effectively towards achievement of organizational goals.
Uncertainty avoidance index
Company needs to deal with uncertain events in an organization. Hilton needs to
minimize uncertain events and risk taking in their organization so that employees work
effectively.
Masculinity vs. femininity
Company needs to minimize the culture of gender roles in an organization. Gender plays
an important role in culture of employees in an organization. Hilton needs to build sexual
equality in their organization.
Handy”s culture model
Power culture
Power among few people in organization and hotel effects overall development of an
organization. Power help to make effective work from employees but sometimes put an negative
impact. In our hotel we use power to influence employees.
Role
In our hotel we need to develop role culture that help each and every employee to know
their duties and work according to requirement of organization and help in development of
organization.
Task
Power in a team needed to be given to the requirement of organization to make efficient
work from employees. Each and every employees working for achievement of task.
Person
In our organization we develop culture to influence employees according to their
personality and their ability to expand business at a large scale and to improve effectiveness of
their work.
Hilton is using Hoftede culture for development of their organization but Handy's culture also
help them to develop their organization as well as motivate their employees to work effectively

in their organization . Handy help them to develop and make efficient use of resources available
to their organization and require to develop overall effectiveness of their business.
Power in an organization
Legitimate power
Legitimate power is a power comes from position and a role of an individual in an
organization. Hilton needs to give power to the employees who have ability to use it properly
and effectively in an organization. Power helps managers to control all other peoples in an
organization.
Reward power
In the hotel we need to reward employees who have abilities and skills for development
of organization. Rewards like increase in salary, promotion to higher posts helps hotel to
motivate their employees so that they work effectively in an organization.
Coercive power
In our hotel needs to use coercive power to threaten and punish employees who are
ineffective towards their work and less effective towards the achievement of goals.
Referent power
In our hotel we need to use this power because a leader or an individual in an
organization have low power but ability to influence others and all other employees are respect
and admire him then it helps to achieve objectives of an organization.
Expert power
Expert power helps to motivate other employees because experts have skills and
knowledge to influence other people in an organization and able to complete work on time.
Politics in an organization
Decrease productivity
Employees who are more interested in playing politics have less influence over
completion of task and decrease overall productivity of an organization.
Spoils ambience

Employees who are interested in playing politics pass nasty comments on effective
employees and effects overall development of organization(Cooper, 2016. ). Hilton needs to take
strict action towards those employees.
Wrong information
Ineffective employees passes wrong information to their bosses about effective
employees and effects overall development of organization. Develop a negative about all other
employees in an organization.
Increase stress
Due to wrong and false statements from ineffective employees it demotivate s and
increases stress in effective e employees in an organization.
M1
Culture of organization effects overall working and development of business at a large
scale and plays a major role in development and effectiveness of their organization at a large
scale. Need to make effective use of power to make employees work effectively according to
requirement of their organization. Politics reduces effectiveness of employees to work effectively
in requirement of their organization.
LO2
P2 Content and process theory of motivation for achievement of goals
Content theory
Self actualization needs
Hilton needs to motivate their employees to achieve their goals and objectives. Company
needs to motivate them towards achievement of personal goals and match them with the
organizations goals.
Safety needs
Hotel needs to provide security to their employees at work place so that they are able to
achieve their goals. Security from law and maintain equality in an organization helps them to
develop an effective environment in an organization.
Esteem needs

Employees needs status and reputation in an organization. Hilton needs to praise their
efforts and respect them towards the effective work provide them opportunities to achieve at a
large scale.
Belongingness needs
Hotel needs to familiarize their employees by trusting them and provide them
opportunities to be a part of decision making in an organization(Chughtai, 2016. ). Build a
friendly relation with the employees in an organization.
Physiological needs
This are the basic needs which employees require for their survival and helps
organization like food, shelter, clothing,,sleep. One of the most important needs that a company
needs to satisfy for their employees.
Process theory
Equity theory
Hilton needs to develop equal distribution of opportunities for each and every employees
so that are able to work effectively with all their skills. Company needs to provide them fair
remuneration on their efforts in an organization. It helps organization to increase their
productivity/.
Expectancy theory
Hilton needs to provide job satisfactions to their employees(Yavuz, 2020. ). Employees
motivated towards taking their own decision they need to analyse the outcomes and develop new
plans for their future work.
Variance theory
Hotel needs to motivate employees by comparing their needs with achievement of
organizational goals it helps them to achieve goals as well as full fill all wants and desires of
their employees.
M2
Motivation theories of ma slow help to motivate employees of Hilton to work effectively
in development of organization at a large scale. Make efficient use of resources to develop and
improve effectiveness of employees in an organization. Motivation is require to develop smooth
working in our hotel.

LO3
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.
Effective team
Goals
Effective team works to achieve goals of an organization and have an ability to
understand the goals and know methods to achieve those goals.
Member contribution
Members contribute effectively towards the achievement of task they help each other and
share their skills and abilities with each other.
Listening
Every member has a right to share his feelings and strategies and all other employees
listen carefully.
Conflict resolution
Effective team build communication between each other that helps them to achieve their
goals and objectives(Middha and Raina, 2017. ). The share their skills with each other and build
relations with each other and have no conflicts
Decision making
Everyone share their feeling and strategies with each other that helps them reach an
effective solution to decision require for development of organization.
Leadership
Leadership is done effectively and smoothly in an effective team. Each and every
employees listen to their leader for completion of task they trust and respect their leader.
Division of lab our
Equal responsibilities and duties are assigned to each and every member of a team on the
basis of their skills and abilities which make them to achieve goals and objectives of an
organization.
Ineffective team
Goals
Ineffective team have no coordination with each other and have no motivation towards
achievement of organizational goals. They are ineffective to understand the completion of goal.

Member contribution
Members contributions are very low they have no communication between each other.
Employees are not interested to prepare plans or make discussions on strategies.
Listening
All employees work on their own they have no interest to listen each other views and
strategies to achieve goals of an organization.
Conflict resolution
Due to lack of communication employees are not able to understand each other and
disagree on each other opinion which increases conflicts in an organization.
Decision making
Ineffective team is not able to take decision as they are not able to cope up with each
other and agree on each others point of view.
Leadership
Ineffective team members are not interested to listen each other which make ineffective
leadership in an organization. Employees are not ready to cope up with their leaders and work on
their own guidelines.
Division of lab our
Employees have no idea what they have to do in an ineffective team. Due to nasty
politics in a team there is no equal distribution of lab our which demotivates employees
M3
Effective team help in development of organization as compare to ineffective team and
require to develop business and increase overall effectiveness of their business at a large scale.
Team help to develop and improve effectiveness of organization.
LO4
P4 Philosophies of organizational behaviour
Individual differences
In this our hotel needs to know that each and every employee and individual in
organization is different from each other to motivate them company needs to know the wants and
desires of their employees in an organization. Analysing individual helps Hilton to achieve their
goals and objectives on time and effectively.

Perception
Company needs to know the perception of their employees because every employee has
his own views on the working of an organization. So company needs to know the working as
well as develop business at a large scale.
Whole person
In this our hotel needs to analyse an employee as a whole person on the basis of their
professional as well as personal life and take decision on the basis of those analysis.
Motivated behaviour
Hotel needs to motivate their employees effectively by satisfying their needs and wants.
Organizational development is largely depends on the development of their
employees(Derakhshan, Mancini and Turner, 2019. ). If company is able to bring motivation in
their employees then they are able to achieve goals and objectives of business.
Desire for involvement
Company needs to provide opportunities to their employees to be a part of decision
making in an organization. Needs to provide them opportunity to involve in decision making in
an organization.
Value of person
Each and every person needs respect and value in an organization and company needs to
praise efforts of their employees on their skills and abilities that help them to achieve their goals
and objectives.
Human dignity
In this our hotel need to know that each and every employee is human and they all needs
dignity and respect in an organization. If employees are treated with dignity, then they help
organizations to achieve their goals and objectives.
M4
Philosophies help to develop and improve effectiveness for development and improving
efforts. It helps to influence behaviour of employees and make them efficient towards working of
organization and help to develop and improve working in an organization.

Conclusion
Report shows Hilton needs to analyse the culture of their employees for smooth working
of their organization. Culture analysis helps them to know the preference of their employees.
Power plays an important role to make employees work effectively but puts a negative impact if
used unethically. Politics reduces the efforts of employees in an organization. Content and
process theory helps Hilton to motivate and influence their employees towards work. Effective
team is far better from ineffective team because they helps to take decision making and develop
performance of employees.
References
Books and Journal
Rock, D., 2018, May. A neuroscience-based approach to changing organizational behaviour. In
Healthcare management forum (Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 77-80). Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA:
SAGE Publications.
Cooper, C., 2016. New directions in organizational psychology and behavioral medicine.
Routledge.
Chughtai, A.A., 2016. Servant leadership and follower outcomes: Mediating effects of
organizational identification and psychological safety. The Journal of psychology.
150(7). pp.866-880.
Yavuz, M., 2020. Transformational Leadership and Authentic Leadership as Practical
Implications of Positive Organizational Psychology. In Handbook of Research on
Positive Organizational Behavior for Improved Workplace Performance (pp. 122-139).
IGI Global.
Middha, M. and Raina, K.K., 2017. Self-organizational Behaviour of Chiral Nematic Liquid
Crystals doped with Nanoparticles (Doctoral dissertation).
Derakhshan, R., Mancini, M. and Turner, J.R., 2019. Community’s evaluation of organizational
legitimacy: Formation and reconsideration. International Journal of Project
Management. 37(1). pp.73-86.
Buchanan, D.A. and Huczynski, A., 2019. Organizational behaviour. Pearson UK.