Organisational Behaviour Theory and Models

The main concern of the organisation is to serve the best quality products to their customer and goes in the ultimate level to serve the best satisfaction for customers. The main concern of the organisation is to serve the best quality products to their customer and goes in the ultimate level to serve the best satisfaction for customers.

Running head: ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Problem faced by the organisation..................................................................................................3
Organisational behaviour concepts, theories and models................................................................3
Analysis of the problem...................................................................................................................7
Evaluation of the problem...............................................................................................................7
Recommendations..........................................................................................................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................11
References......................................................................................................................................12

2ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Introduction
Organisation behaviour is one of the important aspects of business development and
administration. The major concern of this aspect is to highlight the situational position of the
company and to align the productivity to make a sustainable position in the market. This is the
major change that cultural aspect and business intensity builds in proper manner and employees
have to adjust to the situation. The diverse situation in the organisation sometimes creates the
diverse range of problem and that reason behind the problem is the differentiation between the
perceptions of employees. The system of values, emotional intelligence, organisational cultures,
job designs, work environment and operational process are the main aspects that set the major
objectives of organisational behaviour. The impact of productivity and cultural difference is the
major issue that retains good amount of customer in all the seasons. However, to retain this
amount of customers, proper strategic planning is needed. There are some scopes are also present
in the organisational behaviour cases (Wood et al. 2012). The impact of performance on the
personality is important for the organisation behaviour. The influence of perception, individual
behaviour, leadership, employee motivation, and change in management is the main concern of
business administration and maintain a good flow in the business.
In this report, the concerning aspect of organisation behaviour in Morrisons is the key
issue for discussion. The issues in employees satisfaction and leadership application is the key
concern of this organisation. The concerning aspect of behaviour changes create the problem for
the company and that is the reason strategic building approaches and use of re-designing
methods are needed in that case. The development of work culture and benchmarking the
situation and employees behavioural aspect is the key approach to behaviour concern.

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Problem faced by the organisation
Wm Morrison Supermarkets plc is commonly known as Morrisons is one of the largest
chains of supermarket. In case of supermarkets, lots of employee engagement is needed for the
formulation of business. The supermarket offers all the retail market accessories like foods and
drink, clothing, books and magazines, daily accessories, clothes, CDs, and games and all. The
main concern of the organisation is to serve the best quality products to their customer and goes
in the ultimate level to serve the best satisfaction for customers. This is the major effect that
imposed on employees (Morrisons.com 2018). The concerning aspect of quandary has come in
that case as employees are not satisfied enough with the work process and culture of the
organisation. To maintain a strong challenge in employee satisfaction issue, leaders’ intervention
is also required in this case (Morrisons.com 2018). Leaders have to take charge of the situation
and that is the reason most of the leadership proclivities are needed to be redesigned for the
development of the organisation and to get proper employee satisfaction.
The organisation has faced some issue of employee satisfaction when their internal
information was leaked in 2014. 100,000 employees’ data had been leaked and that is the reason
ethical consideration has been broken (Morrisons.com 2018). After the incident, Andrew Skelton
was jailed for eight years in 2015, who was the Firm broadband manager of the head office.
Employee satisfaction level has gone due to this process and for that reason; most of the
employees are leaving the organisation.
Organisational behaviour concepts, theories and models
Employee retention is one of the major aspects of business and organisation has to take
care of such situations and motivation is the key factor that encourages employee motivation

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process for the retention of employees. In that case, Herzberg two-factor theory is the key issue
that provides motivation in the workplace (Crommelinck and Anseel 2013). In case of the
hygiene factor, all dissatisfaction issues have been discussed. The issues are quality of
supervision, payment related issues, company unsatisfied policies, physical working conditions,
and job securities are the concerning aspect of business policy and these are considered as
dissatisfaction case of organisation movement that employees are the concern with (Alshmemri,
Shahwan-Akl and Maude 2017). Another factor is the Motivation factor and all sorts of intrinsic
and extrinsic motivation gained through the process.
Figure 1: Herzberg two factor theory
(Source: Alshmemri, Shahwan-Akl and Maude 2017)

5ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Promotion is the key issue of motivation and that is the most important section in case of
creates motivation. Individual growth and opportunity, power, and recognition are also important
in that case, and organisation recognition is important for employees’ motivation as well. In most
of the cases, extra responsibility is the concerning aspect of business and in that case, job
satisfaction will extract.
Situation leadership is also needed in that case to motivate employees and have a
sustainable position in the organisation (McCleskey 2014). The leadership involves the process
where the leader has to critically think in a particular situation and deliver the best and suitable
approach for the organisation. There are four stages of telling, selling, participating and
delegating and leaders influencing behaviour is liable for that situation.
Figure 2: Situational leadership

6ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
(Source: McCleskey 2014)
In case of the acute situation in the organisation, the leadership process controls the
whole scenario and controls the situation to prevent worse one. The change in behaviour and
parameters of low and high are the crucial factor of this.
On a different note, to mitigate those data leak issue more secure process of dealing needs
to be there and this is relevant to the contingency theory of leadership needs to be introduced
(Fiedler 2015). The process is planning for the alternatives that might help the business or the
company to survive the process.
Figure 3: Contingency theory of leadership
(Source: Fiedler 2015)
This is a natural style of a leader is a set given and it is associated with leader traits
characteristics. But in reality apart from of having a normal style a person’s leadership skill

7ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
transform according to the condition. This is the concerning aspect of leadership as well
(McCleskey 2014).
Analysis of the problem
In Morrisons the influence of business understanding and employee satisfaction aspects is
relevant and it needs to be done in an effective manner and needs to be mitigated. The main
aspect of motivation process is delivered by the organisation and for that reason, 88.05%
employee stability has come and that increase in 1.85% and this is the major change that comes
in force of motivation factor. Rewards and recognition is a way to motivate employees and the
company has introduced the "Big Tick year", "Top 100 Employer of the Year", and "Winner
Employer of the Year" awards for the employee and that will deliver better engagement also.
There are three factors like Say, Stay and Strive – that encourage employees to attempt hard and
deliver their best in the diverse situation (McCleskey 2014). In case of situation leadership, it
will be needed from the leaders as they have the problem in decision making so this is very
natural to have a proper leader for the organisation who can take better decision for the
organisation in a particular situation. In case of contingency process, the monitoring aspect of the
leader needs to be best for the development of more closed-door security that no data leakage
cases happen. These are the adverse situations that organisation may face and through the
process of better dealing with contingency updated and revised function can be evolved.
Evaluation of the problem
Morrisons make the employees work hard for the retail stores and it impacts on the
employees' engagement and health. The health of the employees is affected due to the overwork
and the mental satisfaction of the employees is affected. The employees in retail stores are

8ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
suffering from musculoskeletal, mental and chronic health issues and it comes from the
combination of wrong lifestyle choices. The risks generally come from the interconnecting the
stress at the workplace and the poor diet of the employees. As stated by Omolo (2015), lack of
employee satisfaction comes from the poor work-life balance and the poor pay structure. In
Morrisons, the employees who work at sales executives; do not have the work-life balance and
the employees do not get the flexibility of working hours. It results in the obesity issue and
general deterioration of the health and the employee performance at the workplace. The
motivation of the employees comes from the work-life balance, flexible working hours, less
stress at the workplace and the pay structure. In Morrisons, the employees do not get the
incentive at the proper time and the work demands lead to the employees' performance and
health. For the employees, the workplace has become the burning platform where they do not
like to work for long. The survey of Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD)
revealed in 2016 that almost two-fifths of the employees within Morrisons faced the issue of
stress and mental depression (Sandhu et al. 2017). Therefore, lack of employee satisfaction can
lead to the high employee turnover for the organisation and Morrisons has started Employee
Assistance Programme (EAP). The customers sometimes blame the sales executives that sales
performance of the employees are degrading as customers post the behaviour on social media. In
Two Factor Theory, Morrisons needs to provide the hygiene factors within the workplace as
without these factors; the employees become dissatisfied (Shahzadi et al. 2017). Working
condition needs to be good, co-worker relation can lead to employee engagement, supervisor
quality should be good and salary and base wage must meet the industry standard.

9ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Figure: Employee satisfaction factors
(Source: Zablah et al. 2016)
In addition, the organisation must have employee handbook where the organisation needs
to ensure the responsibility of the employees. Employees will not share any organizational data
as it is the beyond the organizational policy and ethics. As opined by Tang et al. (2017),
organizational ethics are the values and principles that explain the business operation. The
business ethics demonstrate the fairness, integrity, compassion and honour of the employees. At
the same time, the employees must maintain the confidentiality of the employees. When the
employees are not satisfied and the employees do not have a fair idea about organizational policy
when the employees are not engaged with the fellow employees; the incidents like data leak or
data breach happen. In last five years, sales have been increased by only 3% and the stores stock
more than the products what the customers want to purchase. The organisation may face the
issue of situational leadership where the leaders need to behave according to the designated

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condition. As opined by Moorthy et al. (2015), situational leadership allows the organisation to
adjust the leadership according to the need of the organisation. The leaders within Morrisons do
not allow the employees to share the thoughts. Therefore, the leadership is more, like autocratic
in nature. The leaders within Morrisons must check the personality of the employees and the
tasks. Therefore, if the leadership goes bad within an organisation; the employees will not follow
the rule and the process of the group being led.
Recommendations
Provide fringe benefits to the employees: The employees must be given the fringe-
benefits by the organisation. Fringe benefits are the compensation provided by the employers
outside of the salary. The common example of the fringe benefits is sick leave, vacation pay,
providing employee discounts, educational assistance, housing loan and travel allowance. These
benefits motivate the employees and the employee become satisfied to continue the work within
the organisation. The satisfied employees work better for the organisation and the sales
executives need to satisfy the buyers with their behaviour and words.
Leadership training: The leadership styles of the leaders within Morrisons do not attract
the employees. The leaders can be given training through Morrisons Training Academy. In this
institute, Morrisons makes a partnership with many of the academic institution. Leaders can take
the training to motivate the employees to work better, to control the employees and to deliver the
excellence. Contingency leadership states about the general state of effectiveness of the
leadership that depends on the numerous factors. The leadership of Morrisons use contingency
where the leaders can behave according to the need.

11ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Provide extrinsic motivation: The extreme pressure within the workplace and sales
target of the employees within Morrisons make them tensed. The employees need extrinsic
motivation so that they can work under pressure. An incentive plan is already there for the
employees’ however, this does not motivate the employees. The management needs to reframe
the incentive plan as the management can add more perks and bonus. The organisation can start a
career plan that would benefit the employees to get fame, money and praise. Morrisons itself has
the employee training programme and it needs to start the extrinsic motivation to bring out the
best from the employees.
Modification of hiring policy: The HR executives should hire the candidates who would
be effective for the organisation and in the person need to be fit in the effective role. The
candidates should be organisation-fit, not the job-fit. The employees must be satisfied with what
they are doing. The outcome of employee dissatisfaction can harm the brand image of the
organisation and customer loyalty can be hurt.
Conclusion
It has been observed that Morrisons cannot manage the human resources in order to
maximize the output of the individual members. The problem comes from the employees'
dissatisfaction as the employees' responsibilities kill the work-life balance of the employees. In
addition, the leadership style within Morrisons cannot motivate the employees to work for the
organisation. The employees are not satisfied with the inflexible working structure, performance
and the job structure. Therefore, Morrisons needs to provide the hygiene factors within the
organisation and the employees must be given extrinsic motivation and the fringe benefits. The
leaders can be provided training to manage the employees effectively.

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References
Alshmemri, M., Shahwan-Akl, L. and Maude, P., 2017. Herzberg’s two-factor theory. Life
Science Journal, 14(5).
Crommelinck, M. and Anseel, F., 2013. Understanding and encouraging feedback‐seeking
behaviour: a literature review. Medical Education, 47(3), pp.232-241.
Fiedler, F.R.E.D., 2015. Contingency theory of leadership. Organizational Behavior 1: Essential
Theories of Motivation and Leadership, 232, pp.01-2015.
McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership
development. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 5(4), p.117.
Moorthy, M.K., Seetharaman, A., Jaffar, N. and Foong, Y.P., 2015. Employee perceptions of
workplace theft behavior: A study among supermarket retail employees in Malaysia. Ethics &
Behavior, 25(1), pp.61-85.
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2018]
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citizenship behaviour. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 33(1), pp.66-85.
Omolo, P.A., 2015. Effect of motivation on employee performance of commercial banks in
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human resource studies, 5(2), pp.87-103.

13ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR IN MORRISONS
Sandhu, M.A., Iqbal, J., Ali, W. and Tufail, M.S., 2017. Effect of Employee Motivation on
Employee Performance. Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies, 3(1),
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Zablah, A.R., Carlson, B.D., Donavan, D.T., Maxham III, J.G. and Brown, T.J., 2016. A cross-
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