Organisational Behaviour Report and PP Slides for MG414 Course

This report evaluates the role of organisational culture in enhancing employee motivation and organisational success. It includes identification of company culture, evaluation of communication channels, and use of Maslow's hierarchy of needs to motivate employees. The report also suggests ways in which Sainsbury can use its culture to attract talented workers and retain employees.

CW1 Report MG414 Organisational
Behaviour
1

Executive summary
Organisational culture involves study of individual or group behaviour to identify the factors
through which their performance can be motivated in an effective manner to fulfil organisation
objectives. With the help of strong communication channel company can provide employees
with the liberty to share their view point which helps in developing a strong culture. A positive
organisational culture assists in encouraging workers and make them feel valued. This report
identifies that with the help of role culture Sainsbury retain employees, attracts more talent and
maintain a strong and positive culture.
2

Executive summary..........................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................5
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................6
Identify the company’s culture in line with a theoretical model............................................6
How culture improves organisational effectiveness with a focus on communication...........8
Evaluate the role of culture on employee motivation.............................................................8
How company can make use of its culture for further enhancing its success........................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
3

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is termed as a study which is mainly associated to group or
individual performance in an organisational workplace suture. With the careful study of human
behaviour significant impact upon the job performance can be determined (ASSAYE, 2021).
Organisational behaviour aid company to evaluate the impact of the behaviour of group or
individuals upon motivation, job structure, leadership, performance and other elements of
individual. Proper study of employee’s behaviour will assist company to understand different
type of aspects that will significantly aid organisation to encourage employees towards
accomplishment of organisational goals. This will help in enhancing overall performance and
productivity. Organisational behaviour plays important role for organisation, as it helps in
analysing the effect of environmental as well as social factors that impact the way of team and
employees work, interact, collaborate and communicate. Organisational behaviour also aid in
improving goodwill of organisation and helps in handling productivity and efficiency and allow
organisation to operate in more effective way.
Present report has been conducted on Sainsbury which is operating is business services in
retail industry sector while headquartered in England, United Kingdom company was founded in
the year 1869 and is the second largest chain of supermarket in the provinces of UK. With more
than 111,900 employees this company offer high quality products and services. Report identifies
organisational culture and the manner in which it brings improvement in organisation
effectiveness. Along with this report include role of culture in motivating workforce and use of
culture to enhance organisational success.
4

MAIN BODY
Identify the company’s culture in line with a theoretical model
Organisational culture is a combination of expectations, values, believes and practices that
duly guide employees or members to work in an effective manner. A positive cultural helps
company to set the level of expectation and the manner in which workforce is required to
interact, communicate and behave with each other (Benuyenah, 2021). Culture plays essential
role in guiding and helping individuals. In terms with Sainsbury company use a framework to
evaluate the culture of organisation which is Handy’s cultural model which was coined by
Charles Handy and include four types of culture his father being evaluated below:
Power:
It is a form of culture in which power to undertake decision relies on the hand of few
individuals. They are sole responsible to have authority to take decisions. These individuals
mainly include top level management of company who enjoys special form of privilege to
delegate roles and responsibilities to subordinates. Subordinate are required to follow the
instruction that are being provided by the superiors. Subordinates in organisation does not have
authority to share their view and opinion in the process of decision making. It has been identified
that, this culture mainly creates sense of dissatisfaction among employees at it create possibilities
of biasness.
Task:
This form of culture is followed within a business organisation to accomplish a particular
set of tasks. It is mainly inclusive of solution of the critical issue or problems by the team or
members which is mainly created on the basis of specialisation, common skill and interest of
members. Every team have four to five members who are being given equal opportunity to
contribute in accomplishing the task.
Person:
In this form of culture workers in organisational workplace premises mainly give
importance to themselves rather than on company objectives. These individuals are only
associated with company with their personal benefits. Organisation with person culture is mainly
illustrated by constellation of stars or loose cluster. It has been underlined that person culture is
an unusual form of culture in which employees perform their roles and responsibilities with an
5

aim to earn more money and gain benefits and emphasize upon accomplishing organisational
objectives in effective manner.
Role:
This form of culture can be duly illustrated as a building which is supported by beams and
columns and in this every column and beam is having specific role to play in order to keep up the
building. It has been identified that role culture shares number of elements in common with
Weber’s description of the ‘ideal-type’ bureaucracy (Burgess, Adkins and Suniga, 2021).
Organisation with this culture is characterized by specialised or functional areas. It has been
identified that company with role culture is likely to be successful in a stable environment in
which employees have an opportunity of security and acquires specialization.
Sainsbury is performing their business operations as a leading company in retail industry
with number of employees in multiple locations. Company is also having high goodwill, trust
and loyalty of consumers in market segment. This makes Sainsbury to have an effective culture
in order to provide higher satisfaction to consumers. From the primary research it has been
identified that Sainsbury follow rule culture in which every employee is delegated with the roles
as well as responsibility as per their specialisation, educational qualification and interest. Main
aim behind this is to extract the best out of them through which Sainsbury serve consumers
effectively. With the help of this culture Sainsbury have a lot of stability and encourage
employees to stay motivated and loyal towards management. With the help of role culture
Sainsbury also promote healthy relationship with employees which assist organisation in
promoting healthy competition in workplace.
6

How culture improves organisational effectiveness with a focus on communication.
Organisational communication is a wider aspect which include different form of
communication process that allow organisation to function and connect with stakeholders and
make significant contribution in society. Communication play important role for organisation as
it not only allow them to maintain trust with consumers but also encourage company to engage
employees to enhance their contribution and organisational goals and objectives.
Transactional analysis
This is a theory and a method of therapy in which social transaction is evaluated as to
identify ego statement of communicator. It is mainly based upon behaviour understanding and
state the relationship as well as the interaction of the individual (Bychkova and Belyaeva, 2021).
This can be utilised as to duly address interaction and communication of person with objective to
develop and enforce the idea that every individual is valuable and possess capacity to make
positive changes in company. With the help of this analysis Sainsbury can develop interaction
with workers in order to bring positive change in organisational workplace promises by valuing
employees. It has been identified that the indication that duly knowledge as presence of an
individual is transactional stimulus. Furthermore, it has been evaluated that the key of successful
interaction among individual relies in in evaluation of ego state that indicates transaction is
stimulus. It gradually assists in formulating the successful communication among employees in
workplace structure.
Communication is an essential aspect in developing positive culture within a company
that process in enhancing overall effectiveness of company objective. The result of interaction
between individuals within companies as with the help of good communication improve and
develop strong relationship with each other that helped more than positive workplace culture. It
helps in reducing disagreement as well as conflicts which enhances performance and teamwork
within company. Sainsbury can take advantage of their culture in order to maximize
communication channel effectiveness in order to increase smooth interaction between individual.
It has been identified that communication is basically an internal process that helps in developing
positive attitude within workforce and automatically contribute to the development of positive
workplace culture. With the help of taking utilisation of communication channel and culture
Sainsbury can maximise company objective effectiveness in following manner.
Liberty to express the opinions and views:
7

It is important for Sainsbury to allow employees to share their opinions, ideas and
viewpoints in the decision-making process in order to develop positive culture and helps in
motivating and valuing employees within company. By providing liberty Sainsbury can
maximize employee’s contribution in company goals that help in formulating smooth
communication process.
Channel of the communication:
Proper communication channel is an essential aspect among workforce and top executive
management of company, as it helps in assuring that all the essential information and data which
is required to be shared with individuals are communicated in effective manner. With the help of
proper channel of communication company can accomplish all the roles and responsibilities
while removing unnecessary delay (Chan, 2021). Communication channel also help superior to
delegate roles and responsibilities to individual as per their interest, expertise and specialisation
which helps in separate to increase overall productivity and performance.
Easy accessibility to the superiors:
The senior faculty of company is required to consistently be open to each subordinate by
the unmistakable correspondence line so that all questions and issues are shared and settled by
them straightforwardly. By legitimate channel of correspondence, arrangements might be talked
about and given in simple way and the bosses can spur the representatives adequately. Sainsbury
must ensure that the superiors are handily gotten to all so their assurance and certainty is
improved which will lead in upgraded efficiency
As per the above discussion it has been identified that culture and communication act as an
essential tool for company that not only help organisation to develop a positive culture to
enhance employee productivity but also assist organisation like Sainsbury to retain employees
for longer period of time. With the help of role culture Sainsbury an strengthen communication
and allow employees to share that ideas, viewpoint and opinion that enhance effectiveness of
decision-making process.
Evaluate the role of culture on employee motivation
High performing culture have ability to enhance organisation growth and development.
With having stronger organisational culture leaders and managers can understand employees in a
8

better way and can identify their expectation. With the help of strong culture employees can be
motivated and can be stay connected with organisational mission. It has been identified that
motivation is key to success of company. It is basically the level of commitment that drives
company workers towards accomplishment of their roles and responsibilities in effective manner.
There is a strong relationship between motivation and culture, as a positive workplace culture
drives motivation of employees in effective manner. Strong culture acknowledges and reward
efforts of employees which helps in enhancing their motivation level as well as performance. In
context with Sainsbury the role of culture in enhancing motivation of employees is illustrated
below:
There are various forms of theory that has been coined by different scholars such as Vroom
expectancy theories, Herzberg two factor theory and many more. One such theory is being
utilised to evaluate the role culture in employee motivation is Maslow need of the hierarchy
through which needs and requirements of employees can be identified to fulfil them in effective
manner. It helps in motivating them towards accomplishment of objective. There is a pyramid of
needs under this theory that can be achieved by the workforce and the culture plays an important
role in it.
For instance, initial stage of Maslow theory is physiological needs in this Sainsbury is
required to provide fair and equal wages to all their workers as per their role and designation. By
providing fair wages irrespective of gender, background other factors company can motivate and
encourage employees to retain within organisation for longer period of time. By achieving this
organisation can develop a positive culture in which workforce is prevented from any form of
discriminatory practices (Gillam and Cosford, 2021). It promotes in equal and a positive
environment which helps in increasing employees in effective way.
Second stage of this safety needs that can be fulfilled when workers in organisational
workplace premises are insured with transparent and ethical leadership. Sainsbury by providing a
sense of security to workers can motivate them. It helps in building a culture of strong and honest
relationship which helps in creating workers at efficient manner.
Social need is another essential stage that can be achieved by organisational culture which
have capability to assist employees to fulfil this need. For example, Sainsbury can focus on
providing proper and adequate training and development courses to employees in order to
9

enhance their performance and increase their personal as well as professional capabilities, with
the help of developing strong or open channel of communication.
The next stage is self-esteem in which Sainsbury by introducing some certain programs
such as achievements or recognition awards can make employees feel valued and can develop
positive culture in which workers can be contributed towards accomplishing organisation
mission and vision.
The last stage of Maslow hierarchy of needs is self-actualization needs in which company
can introduce educational assistance as well as other form of wellness programs in order to
maximize workforce professional potential. It will significantly help in motivating employees
and also aid company to develop a thriving culture which increases performance of employees.
According to the analysis it has been identified that culture is an important aspect for all
organisation irrespective of their size and scope. With having strong or positive workplace
culture organisation can motivate employees. In this by accomplishing workers hierarchy of
needs company can develop a strong culture in which employees’ performance can be enhanced.
It automatically assists company in assuring higher profitability and growth.
How company can make use of its culture for further enhancing its success.
Organisational culture is acting and an essential element for every organisation irrespective
of its size, scope and industry. Positive or strong culture helps company to set values and mission
by accomplishing needs of employee in order to fulfil organisational objectives in effective way.
Sainsbury can undertake advantage of following aspects as to maximize overall growth and
development of company:
Attracting talented workers:
It is essential for every organisation to have potential talented and skilled workers to
perform roles and responsibilities in effective way (Maryam, Sule and Ariawaty, 2021). In this
the most challenging aspect that company face to retain talented potentials for longer period of
time. In this if organisation have healthy positive and encouraging culture then they can attract
individuals for longer period of time that will automatically contribute in business success.
Sainsbury with positive culture can reflects their inner strength to draw a positive outcome. It aid
company to attract talented burgers and retain them for longer time to enhance organisational
growth.
10

Retaining employees:
Organisations with positive and healthy culture involve in motivating and encouraging
employees in order to align their roles and responsibilities towards company mission and vision.
Sainsbury can duly retain workers by offering them continuous training and development courses
in order to fill the skill gap that also help others to enhance their effectiveness of their roles and
overall performance. With the help of positive culture Sainsbury can not only retain employees
for longer period of time but can also decrease higher level of staff turnover.
Mission and vision at core:
In order to set organisational culture company is required to emphasize upon priorities and
goals. Sainsbury is operating with strong aim and target that aid in motivating employees so that
their overall performance is enhanced (Piwowar-Sulej, 2021). This form of culture duly
encourages and motivate workers in setting priorities as per company vision so that it can be
fulfilled with further success.
According to the above-mentioned analysis Sainsbury by taking advantage of its culture can
maximize encourage and motivate workers. It also aids Sainsbury to develop stronger influence
upon workforce that helps in enhancing their overall productivity and performance. It assists
company to enhance profitability in retail industry.
CONCLUSION
According to the above-mentioned report it has been concluded that organisational
behaviour facilitate company to have an insight on the manner in which employees behave and
perform in organisational workplace structure. This report states that organisational behaviour
helps in understanding the key aspects and elements through which company can motivate
workers and can enhance their performance to establish trust with them. It helps company to
enhance overall productivity and profitability. From this report has been identified that positive
culture plays an essential role in motivating employees that also assist in retaining and attracting
workers. Sainsbury with the help of role culture accomplish organisational objectives by
developing trust and strong communication with employees.
11

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
ASSAYE, B., 2021. THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EMPLOYEES
COMMITMENT ON NATIONAL COLLEGE (Doctoral dissertation, ST. MARY’S
UNIVERSITY).
Benuyenah, V., 2021. Theorising an organisational citizenship behaviour model for managerial
decision-making: from history to contemporary application. Management Research
Review.
Burgess, C.T., Adkins, J. and Suniga, N., 2021. Management and Leadership: A Practical Review
of the Organizational Culture. Handbook of Research on Multidisciplinary Perspectives
on Managerial and Leadership Psychology, pp.396-412.
Bychkova, M. and Belyaeva, Z.S., 2021. How organizational stucture fits a corporate culture:
theory and case studies. Весенние дни науки.—Екатеринбург, 2021, pp.21-25.
Chan, M., 2021. The role of strategic motivation, organisational behaviour and social
mechanisms in collaborative contracts (Doctoral dissertation, Queensland University of
Technology)
Gillam, S. and Cosford, P., 2021. Organisational behaviour. In Leadership and Management for
Doctors in Training (pp. 32-39). CRC Press.
Maryam, S., Sule, E.T. and Ariawaty, R.N., 2021. Effects of Safety Climate and Employee
Engagement towards Organisational Citizenship Behaviour of Sewage Workers. Asian
Journal of Business and Accounting, 14(1), pp.253-275.
Piwowar-Sulej, K., 2021. Organizational culture and project management methodology: research
in the financial industry. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business.
12

APPENDIX
Primary research
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Gender:
Age:
Q1. As per your opinion, does culture of organisation plays essential role in
maximising success rate of company?
(a) Agree
(b) Disagree
(c) Neutral
13

Q2. In Sainsbury what culture does company have implemented as per Handy’s
culture model?
(a) Role
(b) Power
(c) Task
(d) Person
Q3. According to your view point in what way a healthy or positive culture
impact upon organisation?
(a) Increase in productivity
(b) Low level of employee turnover
(c) Increase in overall good will
(d) Higher employee attraction capacity
14

Informal presentation:
Slide 1:
15

Slide 2:
16

Slide 3:
Slide 4:
Slide 5:
17

Slide 6:
18