Organisational Behaviour: Influence of Culture, Power, Politics, and Motivation

This document explores the influence of organizational power, politics, and culture on team and individual behavior and performance. It also discusses content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques to achieve organizational goals.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
Analysing how organizational power, politics as well as culture influences the behaviour or
performance of team and individual:...........................................................................................3
Determining the culture, politics and power can influence the behaviour..................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques to achieve goals of
organisation..................................................................................................................................6
Critical evaluation of the way in which behaviour of others through effective application of
theories.........................................................................................................................................7
critical evaluation of relationship between culture, power, politics and motivation...................8
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Evaluation of effective and ineffective team ..............................................................................8
Development theories of dynamic cooperation and its impact on company............................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
Application of concepts and theories on organisational behaviour...........................................11
Analysis of concept and its influence in company.....................................................................12
Determining team development theories and behaviour concept .............................................12
COCNLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is study of human behaviour, attitude and individuate
performance and different function within the organisation. It impacts the following ways in
which in the company such as job structure, working condition, communication and other
environment factors (Balwant, 2018). The company is taken is Body shop which British based
cosmetic, skin care and perfume organisation. It has franchised outlets in more than 65 countries
and over 1000 products sold in 3000 stores. In this report organisation's culture, politics and
power influence individual and team behaviours and determine how they influence the
performance in organisation is studied. Motivation process and its techniques and effective
achievement of goals and evaluation of influencing the behavioural motivational theories,
concept and model is discussed. Apart from that meaning of effective team and ineffective team
and analyse the group development theories to improve cooperation in effective team and
improve its business profitability and gives better result to them. Which concept and
philosophies of organisational behaviour within organisation behaviour and its impact to
influence the organisational behaviour is also studied. Evaluating the relevance concept and
theories to influence work perforce in organisation.
TASK 1
Analysing how organizational power, politics as well as culture influences the behaviour or
performance of team and individual:
Organization comprises of material as well as human resources. Hence, it is the fact that
manpower of an enterprise has a huge influence in efficiency of an organization. Inter-
organizational relationships play a critical role in identifying proficiency of working staff of
entity. Therefore, organizational behaviour is studied which incorporates behaviour of employees
in relation to culture, power and politics of an enterprise.
Organizational Culture: Culture of an organization comprises of its underlying beliefs,
values as well as assumptions that contains huge contribution to the psychological as well as
social environment of an enterprise. For the purpose of evaluating most applicable organizational
culture in BODY SHOP, Handy's model is applied by management. This model suggests that
four types of organizational culture that can be incorporated in business in accordance to power
distribution required and cooperation level which staff members of an entity persists (Chumg and

et.al., 2016). Such types of organizational culture is described below along with its influence in
working of BODY SHOP:
 Power culture: In this culture of an organization, power is concentrated with few
number of people. It is mainly suited when employees of an entity are less skilled and
experienced. Implementation of this culture in BODY SHOP ensures that decisions are
taken by authorized personnels. It also avoids any confusion or complexity that business
can face in relation to task delegation and accountability.
 Role culture: This culture pinpoints that every tasks are delegated to the employees of
company in accordance to their specialization. If workforces is performing tasks in which
they are skilled than automatically their efficiency in performance increases. This leads to
improvement in proficiency of BODY SHOP. Hence, role culture suggests that
workforce should select roles they are going to perform. This improves their
accountability and efficiency towards tasks that is to be performed.
 Task culture: Application of task culture states that teams are to be delegated some
challenging tasks or critical problems which are to be solved by them. It states that power
is derived from the expertise of team members in performing tasks of BODY SHOP
There is no single source of power in this culture. It helps in enhancing employee
engagement and efficiency (Collins and et.al., 2020).
 Person culture: In this culture, every staff member believes himself or herself to be
superior than other. It is mostly applied in an enterprise where working staff pertains
similarity in their skills, expertise or training. Application of this culture in BODY
SHOP provides power to every team members and boots their motivation level.
In consideration to most suitable organizational culture for BODY SHOP it can be noted
that task culture works best for company. As it enables leaders of entity to challenge proficiency
of working staff on regular basis and motivating them to increase their knowledge and skills,
which ultimately improves efficiency of an organization.
Organizational power: It refers to ability of an enterprise in utilization of available
resources for development purpose. French and Raven power base is applied by BODY SHOP
for studying various factors of organizational power and its influence on company. Following are
the bases of power that is stated in this framework:

 Reward: It indicates providing rewards to team members with the motive of making
them work more efficiently in BODY SHOP. Such rewards can be tangible, such as
monetary bonus or intangible such as recognition (Griffin and et.al., 2020).
 Coercive power: This power model states that leaders can punish their subordinates for
non-compliance of orders or late or delayed completion of tasks. With the use of this
power base leaders of BODY SHOP can ensure timely completion of decided tasks.
 Expert: Basis of expert power is skills and knowledge of an individual. Application of
this power base in BODY SHOP ensures that personnels with high expertise are given
authority for delegation of task and incorporation of guidance to team members.
 Referent: This power model states that power is derived from worthiness or
attractiveness of leaders to convince its team members for performance of tasks for
achieving objectives of BODY SHOP.
 Legitimate: It states that leaders or superiors have right to make demands and
subordinates are expected to obey them. Hence, elected leaders are given authority order
giving in BODY SHOP by the utilization of this model.
Expert power base is the most applicable source of power for BODY SHOP as it ensures
that employees are getting directions or guidelines from experts. It is useful in many ways as it
gives freedom to employees to work with more power and provide them authority to delegation
task. It will boost the confidence in them and more likely to perform better in the organisation.
Organizational politics: Politics of organization can be divided into two types which are
stated below:
 Positive: Implementation of positive politics in BODY SHOP ensures that its employees
are getting more engaged in an enterprise which improves their commitment level
towards business. It is important to note that if employees were feeling engaged with the
activities of organisation company gives fair treatment to them will lead to better
performance and they are motivated to work in organisation. In the company a positive
organisational culture will be very useful for them and it increase there efficiency.
 Negative: It refers to the fact that people in an organization is demotivation others and
discriminating among working staff. It demotivated working staff of BODY SHOP. It is
continued to be long lasting in every company and it is quite difficult to avoid
organisational culture, so it make the employee feel neglected and cheated some time.

Many times they are just having giving importance to some employees only with whom
there were having good bond. IT greatly affect the performance of workers and personnel
and thir work got impact negativleu through this culture.
Determining the culture, politics and power can influence the behaviour
In organisation there are certain factor that influence the behaviour that power, politics
and its culture. As there is certain work culture exist in company that impact the individual
behaviours and maintaining the proper relationship. Politics is also greatly influence the working
environment as if there is negative then it will be demotivating the employees. Power prevail in
every company as without this activity cannot done (Jacobs and Manzi, 2020). So positive
politics and power will help the organisation productivity and effectively as it helps in overview
of many factor that can influence the business operations.
TASK 2
Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques to achieve goals of
organisation.
Content theories of motivation: It is set of theories of motivation that explain how to achieve
motivate an individual as by providing certain requirements and needs in proper mode. It is
basically the procedure within which changes the time period has been occurred so that
production level development in implies on regular basis. It is applied by body shop in order to
execute goals and it is as explained below as:
Maslow's theory of motivation: This theory that is used by body shop in order to give
motivation to employees on the basis of its requirement and needs and it is described below as:
 Physiological need: In context of body shop company it is a essential neds that used to
fulfil so as to procedure living with simplicity and include water, clothes, food and etc.
 safety need: In body-shop this need is based on health, wealth, financial safety and etc.
this company provide safety measures to each employees.
 social needs: Body shop company fulfil the social needs and requirements and covered
the necessaries chance in society
 self-esteem: In body shop company , they provide job position and security to employees
, it depend self respect (James, 2017).

 Self-actualisation: In this company, each employees feeling self believe and faith so
manage the stage of happiness and achieve more goals.
Body shop and management give efforts to sustain desirable results by which proper end
part is perceived with the symmetric of motivation. In this first level of modifications is being
addressed so that workforce feel more motivated and take part in different activities.
Herzberg's two factor theory of motivation: This theory of motivation that includes two
factors one is hygiene and second is motivation by which various level of dissatisfaction and
satisfaction is processed and explained in further points;
 Hygiene factor: In body shop context, different situations are working is observed so
that various level of satisfaction is achieved. This factor includes the job security,
conditions of working, various policies, regulations payment and many more factors.
 Motivation factor: In this factor, body shop worked on to increasing the collection of
performance and security by which performance increased in regularity mode. It
regularity of incentives, authority, promotions, responsibilities so that employees take
part in each activities and increasing the growth.
Body shop always provide the orientation to pass on the manage feeling so that
increasing productivity as by inducing manage feeling of satisfaction. This company works on
basic need of workforce so that equal level of modifications is observed on continuous basis.
Process theory of motivation: IN this theory body shop company tries to modify behavioral
chance through which worker feel encourage and motivate, it is as explained as below as;
Vroom expectancy theory: In this theory body shop company determine working behaviour by
which workforce performance and their productivity is increased with skills, knowledge,
abilities, experience and tendency of working. It change the behaviour of individual is modify as
per various stages of motivation.
 Expectancy: In body shop company, it is based on collection of efforts that is induce to
reach capable height in future days or years that is prepared with the help of resource
availability.
 Instrumentality: In this company context, it is explained as an efforts and passions that
is induced in order to develop trust and faith of other co workers.
 Valence: In company this is based on extra rewards and benefits is provide according to
the abilities.

Adman's equity theory: This is based on human equalisation and it is must in business to
provide equal opportunities and chances to their workforce in every department of bodyshop, it
helps in creating positivity in working environment. In body shop company there is not
discrimination at work place.
Critical evaluation of the way in which behaviour of others through effective application of
theories
In every organisation motivation theories and their techniques are important for growth
and performance of company. In Motivation theories there are two theories one is content theory
second one is process theory. There is explained in above report, the maslow's theory of
motivation, it means the basic needs of employees at work place that body shop fulfil in effective
manner and other is Herzberg's two factor of motivation in this one is hygiene and another is
motivation both are important for growth and maintain the performance of employees. The
process theory helps in manage the employees skills and their work in effective manner. At Body
shop the motivation theories and their techniques helps in improve their services quality, they
hire skilled and talents people and provide training them for better performance. In current
scenario Body shop have more loyal customers because of service quality and product quality
which given by company and its employees.
critical evaluation of relationship between culture, power, politics and motivation
In organisation relationship between cultural, policies, power and motivation should be
maintaining and positivity in working environment. In Body shop cultural of workplaces is
positive, employees receive achievement and other benefits. Company provide comfortable place
in company and their policies are strict their main focus on quality of services, company provide
extra benefits and training to increase performance. The all power related to work handle by the
manager of body shop. Powers include the services, work process, employees leave and many
more. In company employees needs motivation for improve performance and increase growth of
company. Body shop use various theories of motivation such as content and process theories for
better development in these theories they fulfil the basic needs and provide equal opportunities to
workforce at organisation. They all are inter-depended on each other for better success of
business These all factors are helps in attract more customers and achieve target goals of
company. For successful business effective policies, positive environment, motivation theories
gain the brand value in market and achieve more success.

TASK 3
Evaluation of effective and ineffective team
Effective team- This are the teams that form to achieve desired results with greater
enthusiasm and carry out the task in order to target organisational goals. They are properly in-
cooperated, motivated and encouraging in nature and give all their efforts to fulfil the objective
of company. Their leader is properly direct their team and make sure all the ream members were
fully interacted with each other and create positive environment and positive synergy in working
condition between all employees and ensure proper communication with each other. If in
Bodyshop this team prevail then, it will enhance the efficiency and productivity in organisation.
Ineffective Team- They are referring to those team which are not properly directed by
their leader and were not willing to take any action in their work and not motivated toward to
complete. They are creating negative environment and got diverted from their path due to many
internal issues, miscommunication and distrust. In Body shop company is there is ineffective
team then they will not able to achieve their desired results and create loss for company.
Difference between effective and ineffective team- Effective team is giving major goal to
company to give target their objective effectively and create better environment for company and
has number of advantages to the firm. To get better results team must work hard and great
synergy and try to accomplish the task. Whereas, Ineffective team is form with demotivated and
negative people who were not try to put their efforts into them and build misunderstanding and
distrust among team members and not enthusiastic towards their task. So, it is important for
leader to understand the needs and requirement of each member and try to build the proper trust
and give better outlook of target (James, 2017).
There is certain theory that were suggested for creating effective team in organisation and
maintaining good and better environment. Such concept are Belbin theory and Tuckman theory.
Belbin Theory- This consist of creating balance team through focusing on weakens and
strength of each member and boost their confidence to improve their performance. Body shop
might implement this concept and can build effective team for enhancing the performance. It has
categorized into nine elements an each three has one group that are Action oriented, people
oriented and thought oriented.
Action oriented roles- This include three elements Shaper (SH) that include extroverted
people why always ready to take the challenges and implementing the decision which is good for

company and give better results to company. Second one is Implementer (IMP), which are
disciplined and give proper direction to its employees and conservative in nature. Third one is
Completer- Finisher (CF) who focuses on small things and go through every small activity that
influence the business activities and correctly errors and omission (Kim, Kim and Reid, 2017).
People oriented roles include Coordinator (CO) refers who take the responsibility in
traditional way and manage the team in effectively through old style. Second one is Team
Worker (TM) who were actively take participate in team and allow them to share their
knowledge and ideas and promote flexibility and negotiation in team. Third one Resources
Investigator (RI) these are those find out new way to accomplish the task and ensuring high
quality in their task and develop good leadership style in team.
Thought oriented roles- It first element it includes Plant (PL) they creative and innovative
in nature and to focus on their work they tend to wok apart from their team. Second one is
Monitor -Evaluator (ME) to evaluate and analyse the decision before taking any action and
involve high strategical approaches. Third one is Specialist (SP) they are pride on their skills and
has abilities and competencies to complete any target and objective and effectively solve the
problem and bring out new idea and think out of the box.
Bodyshop might use this theory to build effective team in organisation as it has certain model
and element in which leader can adopt to make better team (Kitchin, 2017).
Second theory is Tuckman model is proper model which consists Five stage which and
each stage define proper roles and responsibilities in proper order to develop good relationship
and maturity in team. First stage refers to Forming that means every team member is dependent
on leader and need to guide to its members. Second stage is storming which refers to developing
new challenges that will create the uncertainness and miscommunication in team that might leads
to dispute. Third team is Norming, in this stage leader try to understand the needs and
requirement of team and delegate the decision to small remembered. Fourth stage is Performing,
in this everyone is clear and effectively decreed by leader and knows their roles and duty to
perform the task and focuses on vision. Last stage is Adjourning, where team member is
dispersed and accomplish their task properly. Body shop can use this theory and could
implement in their organisation as this involves thorough steps and stages which any leader can
follow them and use them (Maio and et.al., 2020).

Development theories of dynamic cooperation and its impact on company
In this building of group dynamics and in team two theories such as Belbin theory and
Tuckman theory. Tuckman theory involve five stages and which explain the whole process and
help the leader to determine what to require. In this theory, it explain about process where
company is able to use to develop the major solution to its employees and help in building
effective team and group. Bodyshop, could use this in order to bring major changes in its process
and leader must be properly execute all the process such as Forming, storming, Norming,
Performing and adjourning. Each steps tells the leader how to complete steps and effectively
perform these in order to gain efficient team.
Belbin theory refers to different elements that helps the leader to choose from different
style and implement in company. These theory has nine element that accurately tells leadership
style can be adopt by leader to establish effective team in organisation. These are essential in
order to create better environment and must be effectively used by all leaders to enhance their
efficiency. Body shop can use Tuckman theory because it is very elective and better to
implement in company and create better working condition in organisation. As, it guide the
leader to execute how can dynamic cooperation could be build and maintain in company.
TASK 4
Application of concepts and theories on organisational behaviour
Organizational behaviour refers to the attitude of the employee and employer in the
company. Through this they determine the behaviour of the workers in the particular
organization and through this there is the improvement in the performance and communication
of the individuals. Manager is able to motivate their employees through their working style. In
the Body shop, manager use two philosophies which is Path goal theory and Contingency theory.
Path goal theory is related to the leadership styles in which leader is providing the full
support to the employee and provide the right information and best utilization of resources is
made for this which is very important for the achievement of the goals and objective. There are
some leadership styles is used by the leader in different situation (Miao and et.al., 2020). There
are different styles are Directive leadership which means there is the greater satisfaction of the
customer and help the employees in their decision making for the completion of the task in the
stressful manner. In context to Body shop, they use this leadership for providing the right

information to the employees at the time of task and activity. In the Supportive leadership there
is the leader which has various traits are friendly, treating all employee equally and satisfy tall
customers with given them all freedom related to the jobs. In Body shop they fulfil this
leadership by appoint friendly leader in the organization. In participative leadership there is the
involve of the style in which all employees are allowed to share their views and suggestions to
the related activity from this, they built confidence in the employees and motivate them to take
part in all the discussions. In Body shop, they use this leadership for the delegate of the
responsibility according to the specialization. There is another leadership is achievement oriented
leadership which states that their objective is clear and they build their confidence for the
subordinate and encourage the high performance among employees. In context to Body shop,
this concept is used by the HR in design of the team for increase the productivity of their
performance and accomplish their tasks with the clear goals and objectives. In this there is the
environmental characteristics is used to focus on the environment factor that affect the profit of
the organization due to climate change, customer health and increasing their sales through
increasing their customer satisfaction (Muchiri, Shahid and Ayoko, 2019). There two
philosophies in leadership that are Autocratic and Custodial. Autocratic leadership refers to that
leadership style that holds all the power and typically undertakes ideas and input from the
member and rarely accept the advice and give absolute control over group. This style depends on
situation where it some time beneficial and sometimes not. Custodial philosophic refers to
financial rewards to employees and concerning with being employed by organisation. It helps in
improving the performance of employees and maintaining the position and provided them
promotion according to their work progress.
From all of this they follow the directive leadership because they direct their qualities
towards the accomplishment of the objectives and goals. Another philosophy is Contingency
theory which is associated with the situational approach, in this approach it is based on the
behaviour of the employee depend on the working pattern of the workers. There is different
approach used for this in one situation and indifferent situation. In the dynamic organization,
common method is not used in all the circumstances, in this there is no rules and regulation made
for any condition. It helps in discover the assumptions which is universal in nature. In, Body
shop they select the dynamic organization for the employee to remain free and flexible in nature.
They select this theory according to the requirement of the methods which help in adopting of an

y method which is best suit for the organization. Through this they make strategy according to
the views which is convey by the workers according to the related task and implement in the
entity to help the subordinate in share their ideas (Paull and Whitsed, 2018).
Analysis of concept and its influence in company
In this concept and philosophies there are certain path goal theory and contingent theory
where path lab theory refers to creating the flexible and interactive leader style that include
supportive, directive and achievement theory and participative style that build. Contingency
theory does not specify any particular theory and concept that will help the leader to choose any
style as per their ouch and give better feedback to team member. Body shop can use contingency
theory to develop as it is not specifying and not give pressure over leader to adopt any one style.
Determining team development theories and behaviour concept
In this there are certain concept and theory that will use in developing the concept, theory
and philosophies that will contain certain methods that influence the organisational behaviour.
The first it includes to build effective team opposed to ineffective team, the concept that include
is Belbin theory it refers to certain elements and Tuckman refers to Five stages to develop proper
understanding in team. Body-shop might choose Tuckman theory as it consists various stages to
develop the efficient team. After that concept and philosophic that concreter with efficient
leadership refers to Path Lab theory which refers to certain leader’s style that leader can choose
and adopt anyone to influence the organisational behaviour. Other one is contingency theory that
says there is no specific method is suggested as this is situational theory. Body shop can use
contingency theory as leader is free to choose any leadership style as per the prevailing
conditions.
COCNLUSION
From the above project report it has been concluded that organizational behavior is the
analysis of the business operations and the way in which they are executed. It is very important
for all the businesses to make sure that effective and appropriate culture to support the operations
is followed as it may result in attainment of business goals. On the other hand, there are various
types of content and process theories that are focused by businesses for assuring highly
motivated staff. The main theories that are taken in to consideration of them are Maslow's
hierarchy and Vroom's expectancy theory. There are two different types of teams within the

organizations these are effective and ineffective. In order to make an effective team Belbin
theory is focused. Path goal theory is also used by businesses to motivate the employees to deal
with all the situations that are affecting business's position.

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