Organizational Behaviour: Culture, Politics, Power, Motivational Theories, Teamwork, and Leadership

Organizational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Organization’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team.................................3
Concept of motivational theory...................................................................................................5
Ways to improve the performance of staff in an organization.....................................................7
Benefits of working in a team by identifying the mix of knowledge, skills and experience
necessary for the team to fulfil functions in organization............................................................8
Benefits of working in a team as a leader and members towards specific goals, dealing with
difficulties and conflict to develop roles......................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Culture refers to the grouping of beliefs, characters, value, traits of the people. Culture is
the way a person communicate with others. Culture is the showcase of the learned behaviour.
Motivation refers to inspiring a group of a people to act in certain way. To initiate goal oriented
behaviour it involves the process of guiding and maintaining the person relations.
This report depicts the information about the Marks and Spencer. Marks and Spencers is
a retailer of selling of clothing, food products and home products. The company was founded by
the Michael marks and Thomas.
This report provides wide description about the organizational culture, politics, power,
theories of motivation of an organization. Further, it defines the effective team as opposed to
ineffective team for an organisation.
MAIN BODY
Organization’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
Organizational culture refers to the behaviour of the organization's member that includes
expectations, experiences, philosophy of a member that guides their behaviour (Wagstaff, and
Burton-Wylie, 2018). The organizational culture is the inclusion of the shared norms, values,
beliefs that leads to the certain way of behaving in the organization.
The Charles Handy suggested an organizational culture for displaying the different
presumptions about a person's philosophy, knowledge and psychology. Handy's culture has been
defined as follows:
Power culture
The power culture refers to the culture where there is no centralization of authority, the
firm has leaders to coordinate and assign the work and communicative with the members. This
culture followed in Marks and Spencer that has helps ion the growth of the firm as the employee
can directly contact to their superiors. The response of superior is quick so it will help in the
faster decision-making in organization (Odor, 2018). This types of culture hold certain
disadvantages for M&S that is it becomes difficult to work under a person who has a high
influence over others and who is likely to change the mind of the individual wanting them to
maintain peace.
Task culture

The degree of formalization is low but it involves high degree of centralization. This
culture forces on the specific projects. The company that requires the employee to work on a
project by sharing ideas and works on one single task (Intezari and McKenna, 2018). This
culture helps marks and Spencers in identifying the capacity of one individual in doing that the
tasks of an organization. It lacks teamwork as there may be conflict among the workers of the
different units of the organization.
Personal culture
This organization generally does not have the centralization of authority. The culture of
the organization is based on the individual's talents and the profession of that individual. The
work of this organization is a status driven (Nuckcheddy, 2018). Marks and Spencers employed
persons with professional skills for handling the accounts department of the company.
Sometimes, it becomes difficult for the organization to operate in this environment as it does not
provide flexibility in working to the employees of the organization.
Role culture
This culture has high degree of formalization and works under a high degree of
centralization. The company generally have rules and procedures to be followed by its
employees (Khalid, and et. al., 2020). This has helped Marks and Spencer in setting a well-
established procedure to be applied by the employees of the company. The disadvantages of this
culture to the m&s is that it is not easily adaptable.
Politics
The politics in an organization take place due to the lack of control and supervision. And
to make one person superior and to tarnish the image of others for taking advantages of their
position. One of the reason of office politics is a jealously among the individuals. Sometimes
there is a lack of trust among the employee and their employer which leads to office politics.
There will be no discrimination on the grounds of handling the employees. Transparency is a key
to reduce the politics and to increase the bond amongst the employee. Taking part in politics will
reduce the effeminacy of employees (Dimitrantzou, and et. al., 2020). Clear communication
amongst the employees and employer will also helps in reducing politics in an organization. By
avoiding partiality the employer can motivate its employee to work without engaging in politics.