Organisational Behaviour: Influence of Culture, Politics, and Power

Unit 12- Organisational
Behaviour
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance............................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P2 Content and Process theories of motivation and motivational techniques for attainment of
goal and objectives.................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P3 Effective and ineffective team with help of team and group development theories.........8
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour in given business situation......10
Path goal theory....................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is defined as study of group as well as individual activity and
performance within enterprise (Alblas, Wijsman and van Noort, 2019). This examines about
behaviour of human at workplace and determines about their impact on motivation, performance,
communication, job structure, leadership and others. Present report is based on Marks and
Spencer which was founded in 1884 at London, United Kingdom. It is multinational retail sector
that deals to sell home good, clothing and food products. This organisation serves their goods
and service worldwide. The report covers about influence of politics, power, culture on
behaviour of others at business place and way to motivate team and individual to attain goal. It
also highlights about understanding of how to cooperate with others and use of concepts as well
as philosophies of organisational behaviour for given situation.
TASK 1
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance
Organisation's Culture
It is referred as underlying assumptions, ways, values and beliefs of interacting which
contribute to psychological and social surrounding of enterprise. This assist to influence people
within enterprise. The different types of culture influence individual and team behaviour. This is
explained with help of Handy's model that is described below:
Power Culture- It is the culture where power is in hands of high authority or few people.
They are liable to take decisions for organisation and enjoy some special rights (Charles Handy
Model of Organization Culture, 2020). Such people are regarded for workplace and are decision
maker. In context of Marks and Spencer, such power remains with superior manager who are
liable to solve problems and issues of their work force in effective manner. For example, if
marketing department want to launch promotion campaign for their new products at marketplace
then they have to take permission from manager who has high power and authority and provide
information to employees to carry out task which leads to influence individual as well as team
behaviour and performance.
Task Culture- It is defined as that culture in which team is formed for solving particular
problem arise at organisation. Here, individual with specialisation gather together with common
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interest to solve problem. It consists of four to five members who contribute equally. For
example, Marks and Spencer has faced problem of designing their product, in this case task
culture need to be formed by hiring specialised person and other employees has to assists them to
attain their set goal which leads to enhance individual as well as team behaviour and
performance.
Person Culture- It is defined as that culture where employees feel themselves to be
important at organisation (Balmer and Burghausen, 2015). The following of such culture leads to
suffer business as employees comes to office for earning money and is not attached to business.
For example, many employees working at Marks and Spencer feel themselves superior where
they does not perform work assigned to them. In this case, business suffers a lot in attainment of
their goal and objectives.
Role Culture- It is defined as culture in which employees are assigned with roles as well
as responsibilities as per specialisation, interest, educational qualification. Here, employees are
ready to accept challenges and they are accountable to those who have assigned work to them.
For example, employees working in respective organisation are assigned work according to their
capability so that they can perform better and improve their performance.
After analysis of different types of culture, it has concluded that respective organisation
has to follow role culture because there are different department who works for attainment of
goal and objectives. In this case, they required specialised employee for performance of different
activities and operations of business.
Importance of cultural difference awareness
It is very important for organisation to understand cultural differences so that they can
make better plans and policies. As people from different parts of world work together for
attainment of goal and objectives. This can be explained with Hofstede's dimensions of cultural
theory along with their application are as follows:
Power Distance Index- This is defined as degree inequality which exist among people
with power and without power (What is the Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory?, 2020). In
context of M&S, manager provide order to their subordinates without considering other
elements.
Collectivism vs Individualism- According to this dimension, there are many countries
who believes that individual performance is better than group and vice-versa. Respective
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